• E-mail
• Print
• Comment
• Font Size
• Digg
• del.icio.us
• Discuss article

Iran to Resume Uranium Enrichment in Face of UN Referral - Security Chief

Posted on: Monday, 6 March 2006, 09:00 CST

Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council Ali Larijani has said that if his country's nuclear case is referred to the UN Security Council, then Iran will reduce its cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency and resume its uranium enrichment programme. Addressing foreign and domestic correspondents during a news conference in Tehran on 5 March, Larijani added that much would not be achieved by referring Iran's nuclear case to the Security Council. Larijani reiterated that Iran doesn't intend to withdraw from the Non-Proliferation Treaty unless the West behaves in such a way that it is forced to do so. The following is the text of the news conference broadcast by the Iranian News Network Channel (IRINN) on the same day; Subheads inserted editorially.

[TV presenter] We now have a press conference held by Dr. Ali Larijani, the head of the Supreme National Security Council, for domestic and foreign correspondents about the latest situation regarding the country's nuclear case.

[Larijani] I praise God for having the honour of meeting you. Of course, it is only natural that there should be so many people here. In the current situation, everyone's mind is concentrated on Iran's nuclear case and situation. Explaining the situation will help the public to understand the truth. This is necessary, and I have freed myself to answer your questions. I am ready to hear your questions.

[Moderator] In the name of God, the merciful, the compassionate. I will read out the name of a colleague, please come down, and then another name, please prepare yourself. First, Mr. Mohammad Ali Qayumi, from the news network [IRINN]. Then Mr. Navid Behruz, from Al-Alam network.

[Qayumi] In the name of God, the merciful, the compassionate. Greetings Mr. Larijani. Your Excellency. [interruption in the broadcast]

[TV presenter] Well, we are having a technical problem with the broadcast from the press conference hall to the IRINN studio. We are having problems with the audio. We are trying to go back to the live broadcast. [two minute break in broadcast filled with music]

US attempts to divert public opinion from Iraq

Even for the purpose of psychological war. The Americans have faced a fiasco in Iraq and they need to divert people's attention to something else. Iran's nuclear case is not a critical issue now [voice disrupted for a few seconds]. The Americans had promised to set up a developed and democratic country out of Iraq. However, they have created a destructive situation in Iraq and everybody knows that the situation is much worse than the past.

The situation of democracy is also clear in Iraq. Abu-Ghurayb is a symbol of the democracy, promised by the Americans, in Iraq to be followed by other regional countries. Therefore the Americans need it [a distraction] not to respond to thousands of questions. More than 20,000 Iraqis have been killed because of America's war- mongering policies in Iraq. America is trying to avoid answering to the mothers and fathers of thousands of American soldiers who have been killed in Iraq.

Therefore, they needed to make a big fuss out of some other issue. If you take a look at the history of the agency [IAEA], you will see that this is an ignominy for the agency to refer a country's programme to the Security Council just for doing some research activities. Political pressures are leading the issue here. There is another incentive also involved. If Iran's atomic case was not there, they [the Americans] would have created a new incident to divert public opinion from Iraq's affairs.

Different scenarios on Iran's referral to UN

It is therefore quite natural for the Americans to do this, because they are stuck in a quagmire in Iraq and in order to shun answering they have to search for some excuse in the region. However, this will be harmful for the Americans. Because such adventurisms are time sensitive. After some time excitement will ease and realities will become clear.

There are various reasons for the Americans to stress the Security Council issue. One reason may be because they wanted the European countries and Russia to fail. They did not want them to succeed. They cannot accept that Russian or the Europeans succeed in settling an international issue.

They want to show that the capacity of Russia and the Europe is not sufficient in this respect. They want to show that they needed to intervene as a superpower, which acts unilaterally, to solve the problem. These issues are natural. About the fate of Iran's case at the Security Council, I cannot foretell the future, but I may guess.

There may be different scenarios. The Board of Governors may not issue a resolution and may refer the case to the Security Council in the form of a report. Further time may also be given to the board to decide over a better method, or a resolution may be issued to reflect some of the aspects of Iran's case.

These are all possibilities. I cannot express a certain opinion, because different efforts are being made by different countries. We should see which group of countries will be more successful in this competition.

Anyway, I believe that the path followed with Russia and some countries in Europe was much more logical than America's attitude. I believe it would be in the interest of all to follow a logical path. Anyway, they should not think that Iran will retreat from its position when it is threatened or when the name of the Security Council is mentioned.

This is an ultimatum

[Larijani continues] The issue of research and progress is a part of Iran's national interest and sovereignty. And Iran will not give up this issue. And I do not think that by taking Iran's case to the UN Security Council, they would achieve much. They will create problems for themselves. But of course we will not welcome such developments. All our diplomatic efforts aimed at finding a rational solution to this problem. We travelled extensively and held talks with officials in various countries.

This is some sort of ultimatum. However, we are not demanding anything beyond our rights. We are just seeking our rights, in accordance with the NPT and including all the inspections by the IAEA.

Fortunately, Muhammad al-Baradi'i's report was released today. To anyone with a receptive mind, it can be quite clear that the report says: after three of years of inspection nothing was found to prove that Iran was diverging its nuclear activities [to produce weapons]. The report added that there were still some questions to be asked. Well, they can ask their questions, whenever they like and we would welcome close cooperation with the agency.

Iran will not retreat after referral to UN

[Moderator] Before inviting the next correspondents, I would like to ask the dear friends to turn off their mobiles, because it interferes with the audiovisual devices and prevents participants from hearing Dr Larijani's statements.

[Larijani] I don't think that this is possible.

[Moderator] Anyway, I ask the correspondents to kindly observe my request. The next person is Navid Behruz from Al-Alam and then Ms Catherine Zanman [as heard] from N-24 of Germany.

[Al-Alam correspondent] Hello, Dr Larijani. If Iran's case is referred to the Security Council tomorrow, how would Iran react? Will Iran start enrichment at the industrial level, will it review its NPT's membership or will it use the oil weapon? During your previous interviews you had mentioned that Iran and Russia have agreed on 5 or 6 issues, could you please explain what they are?

[Larijani] Of course, you asked five or six questions. I have already explained that Iran's referral to the Security Council is neither positive for us nor others, and we do not welcome it. However, the other sides should bear in mind that Iran's referral to the Security Council may cause problems for them as well.

I should just say that referral of Iran's case to the Security Council will not force Iran to retreat from its position. If anyone doubts this, he should test us to understand it. This is a part of our governance, and no government can forego this today.

Uranium enrichment to begin

[Larijani continues] They must see whether it is worth doing that, or is it better to choose another alternative? We have left all the doors open to finding a peaceful solution.

During the talks with our friends in Russia and Europe, we offered our proposal for reaching an agreement. That was the limit of what we could do. If they were to abandon our proposal, they themselves will incur losses too.

I would like to point out again that we are not at all interested in resorting to the oil weapon, because international psychological security is an important issue to us. And we do not wish to see the people in other countries suffer along this path. However, if they were to alter the situation, the subsequent events could naturally affect this matter. But we will not take the initiative.

As far as the NPT is concerned, we have said that we remain committed to the NPT. We believe that this is a positive pledge to the international community, on condition that the NPT is implemented properly and that the agency is not put under pressure. They should allow the international organizations to perform their task in a professional manner. However, if they were to alter the conditions, it will definitely have repercussions for Iran.

We shall definitely resume uranium enrichment too, if Iran's case is referred to the UN Security Council. We intended to reach an understanding with the European countries over this issue. Moreover, we intended to address the ambiguities that you hear from others from time to time. However, if they intend to use force, then we will select our on path.

On uranium enrichment talks

[Moderator] The next person is Ms Catherine [?Sandman] from Germany's N-24 network.

[Catherine Sandman, asking question in English] Sir! I would like to know [whether] in your talks with your Russian colleagues and the Europeans in Vienna, did you get any [change of thought], was any progress made regarding the question of uranium enrichment in Iranian territory and research?

[Larijani] We made good progress during our talks in Russia. On many aspects of the issue, we reached some agreement to resolve the problem within a package. We gave tangible meaning to the [issue of uranium] enrichment as well as to the issues of research and suspension, in order to clarify our situation and that of others. The same subjects were discussed with the European countries too.

On "face-saving" solution

[Larijani continues] I think that the decision was wise and prudent. And if they had decided to implement it, it would have saved face for both sides. The Europeans have repeatedly said that they were seeking a face-saving solution. Our proposal would have done so. We do not wish to see anyone humiliated over this issue. We were trying to save the prestige of everyone involved in this matter. Our proposed formula had taken all these matters into consideration. Well, it is not clear what decision they will take along the diplomatic path.

However, as far as we are concerned, we took the initiative to resolve the problem.

Iran to speed up work in face of "inappropriate" reaction

[Moderator] Mrs Arami from the Rueters news agency. I would like to Ask Mr Martin Ebing [phonetic] from Deutsche Welle to come to the stand.

[Arami]: Hello, Mr Larijani. You said that we would resume [uranium] enrichment if Iran's case is referred to the UN Security Council. I wanted to know when do you exactly intend to start such a thing? My second question is that if Iran's case is referred to the Security Council and as a higher-ranking authority, the council calls on Iran to suspend its research and enrichment activities, how will you respond?

[Larijani]: We will give the same answer as we have given today. It's not important for us which authority intends to deprive the Iranians of their right. What is important is that the officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran have to do their utmost to secure the Iranian nation's right to nuclear technology. As far as research and progress are concerned, if the IAEA or the Board of Governors make an irrational demands from Iran, have no doubt that we will not accept it. However, we will welcome and study any formula they propose which will resolve the issue and secure Iran's right.

We have begun and are in the middle of our research activities. The important point is that Iran has acquired the technological know- how in that regard. Fortunately, during recent days, we have seen the [loss of reception for 5 seconds] and the results in the nuclear energy have been very good. We don't need anyone to dictate whether Iran can have nuclear technology or not. The Iranian nation's resistance has proven such a thing. As a result, as far as enrichment is concerned, we can start the activities at out factory whenever we want. If we are faced with an inappropriate reaction, we will speed up this process.

Iran should manage present situation first

[Moderator]: Mr Martin Ebing from Deutsche Welle. After him, Mr Qanbari-Vafa from the Central News Unit.

[Ebing in English]: Mr Larijani. Thanks for your time. Diplomacy is always about words and the meaning of words. You emphasized in your interview in the last couple of days that the Iranian position is very flexible. At the same time you came to Vienna on Friday [3 March] and were willing to talk about a proposal that includes that you might freeze for two years your industrial enrichment. Europeans offered or demanded a 10 year freeze. Is it not possible to try to enrich this gas and why don't you include your research facilities.

Let me ask you one question about Russia as well. What kind of a joint venture are we talking about? Is it a financial company that offers advice or are you participating in the enrichment process. Is it a share of the technology? [Moderator translates question into Persian]

My ears may not be hearing well, I didn't hear about "10 years" during the negotiations. I think it might just be a guess. We did not receive such a suggestion from the Europeans. Our discussion was about how Iran can establish extensive relations with Europe in technological, trade and political fields in a new format. This is a very good point of departure. We wanted to prepare the grounds for this purpose.

In order to settle Iran's nuclear case and to pave the way for further cooperation, we discussed about how to extend relations. But there was no discussion on 10 years. Concerning setting up a joint commercial company with the Russians, I should say that we did not discuss about the quality of a company or technology with the Russians. Our most important discussion was about how to pave the way for the Russians to put forward their proposal and make it reviewable.

Under circumstances that a party is rushing to refer Iran's case to the Security Council, it is not possible to discuss the Russian proposal and its implementation. In order for that proposal to become reviewable, we should first manage the present situation. The situation will then be ready to review the Russian or any other proposal.

The pivot of our three rounds of discussions with the Russians in Tehran and Moscow was how to prepare the grounds for this purpose and what formula to agree on to settle the problem for the time being.

On nuclear research

[Moderator] Mr Qamari Vafa of Central News Bureau and Mr Saba of the BBC.

[Qamari Vafa] My first question is about your talks in Russia. As you said, you made agreements with Russians over five or six subjects. Would say precisely what were those five or six subjects? My second question is about nuclear research. You have said that Iran will not give this up. Is piloting the enrichment in Natanz in the weeks ahead on the Islamic Republic of Iran's agenda? Will a new centrifuge machine be installed in Natanz?

[Larijani] You should give some time so that the talks with Russia would go through diplomatic routes before being announced. Briefly speaking, one point of it is that research and development should continue in Iran. Another point is that the right of enrichment and industrial production of fuel in Iran should be guaranteed and stressed.

Nuclear research in Natanz continues. And we are working. We have had good achievements and I think this research work will be promising for the Iranian nation as their children have gained good access to nuclear knowledge.

The cost Iran is prepared to pay

[Moderator] Mr Sadeq Saba of the BBC and Ms. Shahrokhzadeh of Jaam-e Jam.

[Sadeq Saba] You have said several times today that uranium enrichment at a research and development level is a definite right for Iran and part of its national sovereignty. I would like to ask that if the situation of the case becomes more critical, would Iran be prepared [to accept] if Europe accepts that research is Iran's right but Iran should suspend research and development for sometime. If your answer is no, how much of a cost for nuclear energy Iran would be willing to pay? Will you still insist that nuclear energy is Iran's right even if the cost would be sanctions or probably war?

[Larijani] Definitely you as an Iranian would confirm that nuclear energy is Iran's definite right. As a member of the Agency, we have some responsibilities and some rights. It is not right to have the responsibilities without benefiting from the rights. Therefore, we do not want anything more than our rights. We welcome all the routes of talks. If anyone has a model which would guarantee Iran's right, we would welcome this model. As regards the question of Iran suspending research and development, they should answer a question first. Why should Iran suspend anything? Some gentlemen such as Mr Bush had said that they were concerned about bombs being made in Iran. My question is whether an expert would say that you could produce bombs with research and development? We are not against being flexible along the route of talks. But it should be reasonable. It is like somebody telling you not the breath for five minutes before he begins to talk to you.

Arguments should be logical

[Larijani continues] What they say should be reasonable. Why should we suspend? If we open this road, they may say a few years later that we should not teach nuclear physics at our universities. Because the students may learn something and one day become nuclear scientists. Arguments should be logical. We welcome any logical argument. They could tell us that they are worried about something and we would eliminate [the cause] for concern. I have said during these talks that all those who believe that Iran has had any deviation from its nuclear activity need to present their evidences and we will design supervisions to be made. But they cannot deprive Iran of its rights based on speculations. And without a time limit. This is impossible. We accept reasonable solution. They should say precisely why. All researchers know that research and development will not give rise to deviation. Research and development are not aimed at material enrichment. They are aimed at gaining knowledge. It goes up to the borderline of industrialization. This is the definition of R & D. So, we do not produce any material as enrichment. Therefore there is no cause for concern. We want the knowledge. We want Iranians to have nuclear know how and knowledge. They have reached to this. You cannot deprive them of it. Now, if they take [the case] to the security council. What will happen? Will Iranian scientists become illiterate? They have the knowledge. Even if they wage war, we will not go back because we have this knowledge. It is not in their interest because in that case there is going to be less supervision by the Agency. Then they will be even more trapped if they have any claims. Therefore, we believe we are acting transparently. We accept the Agency's supervision and are prepared to be transparent within that frameworks. We will be flexible where they have a logical thing to say. But where they have nothing logical to say and they talk about what they want, we have no reason to accept what they say.

Iran will resist

[Larijani - continues] And as regards "to what extent Iran will resist", I believe during the 11 February [the revolution's anniversary] rally Iranians taught the officials a lesson about the extent they need to resist about this issue. Today, nuclear issue is a national ideal for Iranians. It is unlikely that various groups in Iran disagree on this issue. We may have different views on various political or other matters. But there is no disagreement on nuclear technology. So, it is reasonable for us to resist in this issue. Taking [the case] to Security Council will make the situation difficult for them too. They should not make the mistake to think that by this action Iran would forego its national demand. This has happened once about the nationalization of Iran's oil industry and Iran's case went to the Security Council. But they did not gain anything. Iranians insisted and got what they had demanded. With such a record they should not make that mistake again. Talks of sanctions should be considered thoroughly. We have been under American sanctions for 27 years. This is not something that happens today. So, it is not something extra-ordinary for us. We have designed various scenarios for various situations. I am not saying that this does not have implications for Iran. But there are implications for others too. If they make things difficult for Iran, we would have to defend our rights. This will not remain without a reaction. Then it will not be in their interest either. We would not suggest that they enter a lose - lose game. We have always supported the idea of a win - win game in the region which would bring about security, economic flourishing and fairness. This is possible. What we want is not a very strange thing. But if they want to talk to us using the language of force and oppression, we will resist.

America wants to see Europe fail in negotiations

[Moderator] Mrs Shahrokhzadeg from Jam-e Jam news network, Mr Ahmad Farahani from Islamic Republic News Agency.

[Mrs Shahrokhzadeh] Hello, Iran's negotiations with the European side have not reached any noticeable and clear results in the past several months. Analysts think that this is the result of pretexts and sabotage by the Americans and believe that the Americans want to join in the negotiations. If America gets involved in the negotiations and stands side by side the Europeans, what would Iran's reaction be and what do you think the outcome of the negotiations will be?

[Larijani] I agree with you. The Americans do not like to see that the Europeans are capable of solving this problem. They wish to see that the Europeans fail in resolving an international issue. They have the same attitude toward Russia. My impression of what was reflected in some American, or America affiliated media in the past days, while the negotiations with the European side and Russia were held, is that America is transparently expressing its wishes. It would be an important achievement for the Americans to be able to say that we could solve this problem while other failed.

I think, perhaps what they did in India was to say that: we are the ones that can solve problems in the region. The Europeans and others should make sure not to leave the international arena in this respect. However, if they do, and submit to America's demands then they themselves will be entering the scene.

US has a disturbing character in the region

Due to their problems in the region, the Americans are very interested to address this problem [Iran's nuclear case] in a manner that would serve their interests. However, they should be careful to act wisely, so that Iran would have an appropriate understanding of the subject. We believe that the Americans have an upsetting character in the region.

I once said that Descartes, the French philosopher, says that he thinks, so he exists. The Americans' theory is that they upset others, so they exist. They have a disturbing character. They should undergo a metamorphosis and change their war-mongering attitude they adopted following the 11 September event.

You see that the Palestinian people responded to this behaviour by their vote to Hamas. The Iraqis also responded to the same behaviour by their votes to their representatives in the Iraqi parliament. This is repeatable in many other countries, and this will not be in the interest of the Americans.

Sanctions will not extremely affect Iran

[[Moderator] Mr Ahmad Farahani, from IRNA, and then Mr Yamaoka [as heard] from Japanese Kyodo News Agency.

[IRNA correspondent] Thank you. My first question: In gatherings inside the country it is said that if Iran's case is referred to the Security Council, a shadow budget will be considered. Could you please explain what measures has the Supreme National Security Council thought of to prevent the country from facing a crisis, especially in the economic field?

My second question: If Iran's dossier is referred to the Security Council and if the Security Council issues a strongly-worded statement calling on Iran to suspend all its nuclear activities in a special time frame, how will Iran exactly react?

[Larijani] You don't need to analyze those events that may happen in distant future. However, be sure that under no circumstances will Iran retreat in the face of bullying. We will show sufficient flexibility to any voice that is fair, logical and respectful.

But if they use the language of force and threat, they will not receive our positive reaction. I feel that many European countries are interested in solving the problem in a logical manner. We respond positively to such voices, and we will not listen to the language of threat.

I am not aware of the shadow budget and I don't think that our country would need such strategies. This is because our studies have shown that sanctions will not extremely affect Iran. Furthermore, we have already set up certain committees to discuss the fields that may be affected. I believe it is not necessary to pay attention to this issue right now.

Iran ready to negotiate with China and NAM states

[Moderator] Mr Yamaoka from Kyodo News Agency of Japan, then Mr Mehdi Savalanpur from ILNA.

[Larijani] Here is too hot and the participants will be uncomfortable.

[Mr Yamaoka, in English] Thank you. You said once the UN Security Council starts formal discussions of the nuclear issue, Russian proposal might not be accepted. Does Iran have any plan to negotiate with any other country like China or Non-Aligned Movement nations?

[Translator, in Persian]

[Larijani] We are cooperating with all these countries, in other words we have talks with China and Non-Aligned Movement countries. I just had some talks with some of these countries. The avenues are not closed. If there is a will to settle the problem we can accordingly find a formula. But if the Europeans want to upset the conditions for the objectives they have in mind, they are, similar to other cases, capable of finding excuses to prevent the settlement of the problem. Anyway, I may answer your question by saying that there is no impediment to negotiate with other countries and the consultations are already going on.

Iran will resist

[Moderator] Mr Mehdi Savalanpur of ILNA, and Ms. Asghari of ISNA.

[Savalanpur of ILNA] In your previous comments, you have always talked about a second scenario. Would you please explain this second scenario and tell us if this second scenario would involve withdrawal from NPT and using oil as leverage?

[Larijani] The second scenario must be put into practice. We are not used to talking about it. But we have thought about its various elements and have formulated it. The time must come for taking executive steps. I do not see any need to explain it.

Yellow cake

[Moderator] Ms Asghari of ISNA and Mr Montajabi of Sharq daily.

[Asghari] How do you evaluate the achievements of the former nuclear negotiating team? What are the differences between their achievements and those of the current team? Have the current team had fewer achievements? Please explain the previous and current achievements.

[Larijani] I am not used to talking about the past. Certainly those who have worked in the past, Mr Rowhani and his colleagues worked hard. Their efforts have been fruitful. I do not want to evaluate them. What we have followed is that after three years of suspending all the nuclear activities, Europeans put forward a plan. This plan is not hard to come by. Come and see me when you can and get a copy so that you could analyse its characteristics. That plan was so problematic that in many talks I have held with [delegations from] various countries they too said that Europeans gave a bad [poor] plan. It was poor from the viewpoints of content and language. The reason why Iran had to take another route was that after three years of suspending all of [its] nuclear activities during which even one centrifuge was not working, finally they gave us a plan which contained nothing. That was when we had to take another route. In this route, during the past months we tried to show by way of holding talks and other ways that there are still opportunities for us to reach to our rights by holding talks. Therefore we started the UCF of Esfahan. When you look at nuclear technology today, three stages of it have already passed. The first stage is from the mine to the yellow cake. This is a source of pride for Iran to own a technology that enables it to make yellow cake from its own mines. It is accessible to us today.

On converting yellow cake to UF6

[Larijani continues] The second issue was about converting the yellow cake to UF6. This task was performed in Esfahan and its product is manufactured now under the supervision of the agency.

Our third step was research and development. The research and development are in progress now and, fortunately, the outcome has been good. During this period, we welcomed negotiations with other countries. I wrote a letter to the European countries, and said that we were ready to negotiate with them so as to address any ambiguities and to reach a framework for the next stage. I regret that they abandoned any future talks. Perhaps they thought that Iran might change its mind after the resumption of talks. I think that we could have reached some sort of formula with the Europeans, had they not abandoned the talks.

Our gain in this process has been the revival of our nuclear knowledge. Iran has acquired this knowledge today, of course through some tough struggle. And this has not pleased some countries. We must accept this. During our private talks with some countries, they were blatantly telling us that they could not accept it if Iran acquired nuclear knowledge. We could not remain indifferent vis-a- vis such a problem. They were telling us, blatantly, that they were opposed to the idea of Iran acquiring nuclear knowledge. This is a very bad thing to say. So why are we a member of the IAEA? Why should we accept the NPT? We are a member of the agency, and we have accepted the NPT, in order to acquire nuclear knowledge within the framework of an international formula. You should therefore not exploit the agency's tools to force us to change our plans.

Fortunately, thanks to our people's ambition and steadfastness, the Iranians possess nuclear technology today. And we can tolerate it, if they [the international community] lose their temper against us. We are patient. The Iranians are harmless people. Iran is a regional power, but a noble regional nation. We do not bother anyone and we enjoy close relations with all our neighbours. The blame lies with others who come from other parts of the world to this region to bother people.

Since the start of the revolution, we have not initiated a war against anyone. Of course, others imposed a war or us. The same [US secretary of defence] Donald Rumsfeld visited Iraq and met Saddam one week before he attacked Iran. During that meeting, Rumsfeld encouraged Saddam to go to war against Iran. They assisted Saddam for eight years in order to break Iran's resistance. We did not initiate the war. Iran is a noble power. And it would like to realize its demands within the framework of international regulations. We respect international relations, but such relations should not be exploited as a tool against Iran's rights.

On pursuing "strategic talks" with USA

[Moderator] Mr Montajabi, from daily Sharq! Please come forward and ask your question.

[Montajabi] Mr Larijani! I have two questions. The first question concerns the report published in some of the Western press about a two-year suspension of uranium enrichment by Iran. My second question is about some rumours concerning the formation of a new team by the Supreme National Security Council to pursue strategic talks with America. That is, such a team would seek negotiations in critical circumstances. Is this true or not?

[ Larijani] It is not true. That is, there is no need for setting up a new team, because there are no such talks at present.

In reply to your first question, I must say that Iran again tried to demonstrate its goodwill during the talks with Russia and Europe by explaining the detail of some proposals. If you remember, one of the European foreign ministers - I do not know why - alleged that Iran was trying to build nuclear bomb. I asked him at the talks to submit the evidence, if he truly had any.

Iran ready to accept short term suspension

If you are really worried, put these few things together in the form of a package and we will be ready to show flexibility. That is to say accept and guarantee Iran's rights in the field of industrial production and enrichment, allow the engineers, rather than politicians, to define research and development, R&D, and then we will come to an agreement. If you are still concerned about Iran's deviation, we are ready to be flexible for a short period of time.

But if you accept one and reject the other, we will not be able to agree. You cannot force us to accept anything. This was the last option we gave them. We told them that if you are worried, we are ready to remove your concerns.

I think that Iran has shown that it is treading all peaceful paths. Iran has clarified for all that it is ready to remove concerns. But if you have extravagant requests, we will resist them. These two are together.

Therefore, I may say that we have discussed that if they accept our conditions and guarantee our rights, we are ready to agree on a short-term timetable for postponing enrichment.

We have already said this and I repeated it to you. This is because we want to respond to their concerns and to say that we have explored all avenues.

On Iran's trust-building measures

[Moderator] Mr Shao [phonetic] from Taiwan's Channel 1 TV and Mr Molheim Raya [phonetic] from Saudi Arabia's Al-Akhbariyah.

[Shao in English as heard throughout] Thank you doctor. This is TVBS from Taiwan. My name is Shao. Actually this is the first time Taiwan's media come here to Iran and we really have very good impression here. And now I'd like to ask, we all hope that the nuclear research is peaceful. Actually Taiwan also has experience that we used to be told by the other countries that we have the technology to make the weapons not for the electronics. So we do a lot of things to do that to prove that we are only do that for electronic. So what will you do? Thank you [Moderator translates question into Persian]

[Larijani] God willing, you will make various journeys to Iran and witness new things. I think that it's fair to say that we suspended our work for three years in order to build trust for those who were asking us to build trust. During these three years, we voluntarily implemented the NPT Additional protocol. We gave privileges to the IAEA which were beyond the Additional Protocol. The agency carried out inspections of our military sites more than 26 times. The IAEA inspectors have seen 1500-1600 pages of documents. They have carried out more than 2300 persons-day inspections in Iran. Isn't it enough? It's very strange that despite all this, it seems that whenever the IAEA tries to reach a decision, they try to make up a story and stop Iran's case from being closed.

We are patient people. However, we are wise enough to determine when they are making excuses and when they are asking a rational question. We will answer all rational questions. However, we won't allow them to make excuses so that they can come and inspect a military base in Iran. If you remember, about five months ago, they caused a hue and cry about Parchin military base and said that Iran was building an atomic bomb there. We invited the IAEA inspectors and they inspected there. Again, after a month Mr Al-Baradi'i said that they would like to come for another inspection. This is whilst you know very well that after some of the things which were said, no country would have given inspectors such easy access to its military bases. But, we still allowed them. If you take a look at Mr Al- Baradi'i's latest report, he has said that they [the IAEA] have inspected Parchin and have found no evidence or proof that Iran has deviated [its nuclear programme]. Shouldn't these be a test for them to stop making excuses. Maybe they feel that Iran is for example like a country such as Iraq which will allow them to go and search everywhere. This isn't the case.

We know the difference between excuses and rational statements. They should present any evidence they have and we will give answers. We won't give in to the demands of some such as America, who are sat there to disclose some news for the IAEA to follow up. We won't allow such a thing. We haven't got to obey America. If they present genuine evidence we will cooperate.

R&D should be defined by engineers

[Moderator] Mr Molhan Rayya [as heard] from Saudi TV Al- Akhbariyah, and then Ms Sharifi from Fars News Agency. I would like to ask my technical colleagues to turn on Mr Arshadi's microphone so that he can translate from Arabic.

[Al-Akhbariyah correspondent, speaking in Arabic]

[Translator] It seems that Iran and Russia could not agree on the definition of nuclear research. While there is time for continuing the talks between the two sides, is Iran ready to suspend research for a limited period of time?

[Larijani] I have already answered this question. We will show flexibility whenever it is logical. But we see no reason to suspend [uranium enrichment] in this case. We will therefore continue our research and development.

[Al-Akhbariyah correspondent, continuing] What about limiting?

[Lariani] What do you mean by limiting?

[Al-Akhbariyah correspondent] I mean Limiting research and development.

[Larijani] R&D has got a definition. I think it is not appropriate for politicians to sit together to decide about R&D, because it will not be R&D anymore. It will be something else. The engineers and experts should define R&D and we will accept there definition.

We are not seeking enrichment for producing nuclear material for the time being. We are rather interested in achieving nuclear knowledge. This is what we have said to the Europeans too. They say that they are concerned about Iran's deviation. We tell them that we are not yet enriching material. We are just seeking R&D.

[Moderator] Ms Sharifi, from Fars News Agency. And Mr Khalil- Khani from the Qods daily.

[Sharifi] Hello doctor. Considering that the IAEA Board of Governors is holding a meeting tomorrow, what is your final ultimatum and advice to the countries involved in Iran's nuclear case? Another question I have is that under present circumstances has Iran have full control over and fully acquired the nuclear fuel cycle? Can Iran be classed as a nuclear country? If yes, could you give some details and if not, how far do we have to go?

[Larijani] I have expressed my views. Whenever we had the opportunity, we defined acceptable channels through which the issue can be resolved for the Russians and Europeans. I don't have anything to add and I think everything has been said. If they want, they can follow such a trend. Else, they can do what America wants. But, we know how to put things right.

As far as nuclear technology is concerned, we have started a research project. It has made good progress and the results show that the Iranians have made good achievements in the field of nuclear technology. They have acquired nuclear know-how. We hope that they can complete their work.

[Moderator] Mr Khalil-Khani from the Qods newspaper. And Mr Mohammad Ali Saketi from Dubai TV.

[Larijani] I answered your question and said that we have made progress in our [nuclear] research and development and have achieved some results. Praise be to God, we have made some achievements. [Correspondent's remarks indistinct]

[Larijani] Yes. They are informed. Of course, I'm talking about peaceful.

[Khalil-Khani] Greetings doctor. I wanted to ask a question about the negotiations you had with the Russians. Do the agreements we have reached with Russia so far meet the demands the members of the IAEA Board of Governors are making from us on the verge of this IAEA meeting? Second, can the Russia's proposed time table you talked about be implemented?

[Larijani] Our discussions with Russia were about this. As I said, now wasn't the time to study Russia's initial proposal. This means we had to prepare the suitable grounds for the development of this proposal. As a result, our negotiations concentrated on how, under present circumstances, we could settle the problem rationally. [Correspondent's remarks indistinct]

On quality of Iranian nuclear products

[Moderator] Mr Mohammad Ali Saketi, from Dubai TV. Isn't he here? ok. Mrs Esma'ili from Mehr News Agency.

[Esma'i'li] Greetings doctor. Some western media have talked about a proposal made by the US according to which it will give us a few centrifuges with the capability to enrich uranium by three to five per cent. This is so Iran will have the right to enrich uranium to that percentage. This proposal has been mentioned at media level. However, if America proposes such a thing officially, will Iran study it?

[Larijani] Yes. We think it can be studied. Of course, such a proposal has not been made to us. This is because we are seeking peaceful nuclear technology. We are not after high-grade enrichment for the time being. But we don't have a problem with studying it. However, I have only heard it on the media. If it is officially proposed, we will study it.

[Esma'ili] I have another question. Some people inside the country are making contradictory statements and saying that the quality of Iranian goods are not at a standard level. This is whilst, the IAEA has endorsed the quality of Iranian products such as the UF6, the yellow cake and its enrichment activities. Even the quality of the machines has been approved. What are the motives behind such statements which are being made inside the country?

[Larijani]: This is regrettable. At any rate, these people are ill-informed about the issue. I feel that a committee consisting of people who have political goals and are linking technical issues with this political issue, has been set up. This is not good. One shouldn't behave like this towards the people's determination. If Iran's technical activities didn't have such an achievement, they wouldn't cause so much hue and cry. They would have left you alone to carry on with what you are doing. Mr [Muhammad] Al-Baradi'i told me that Iran has acquired nuclear know-how. This is what an international body, whose inspectors are carrying out regular inspections, is saying. I heard a few individuals saying such things and I got very upset. These are inaccurate statements.

Iran will start enrichment if referred to Security Council

[Reporter] I have another small question. Iran has announced that it will end its voluntary cooperation with the agency if its case is referred to the Security Council. What will happen if Iran's case is referred to the Security Council? has Iran's decision remained the same or does it have other plans?

[Larijani] This question was asked before and I explained that if this happens, we will reduce our cooperation with the agency. We will also start the enrichment programme. We do not advise them to take this course. However, if they do, then we will respond accordingly.

End take 30 of ?

[Moderator]: Mr Mehdi Tajik and Ms Ra'na Zureh, from the E'temad Melli daily. Excuse me. Mr Mojtaba Baba'i from Iran News daily.

[Zureh] Greetings doctor. Similar to others, I would like to ask a few short questions. Considering the current circumstances under which Europe is talking about suspending uranium enrichment and we are against such a thing, what is Iran pursuing in its negotiations with Europe? Does Iran's return to the negotiation table with Europe mean that it has adopted a new stance towards the issue. It has been said that today or tomorrow a new round of consultations will begin. I would like to know who exactly we will be consulting with? Thank you.

[Larijani] Some European countries may have a specific view. We have to sit down and negotiate in order to eradicate misunderstandings. We have never shied away from negotiations. Nothing has changed. We negotiated with all the sides which have some influence on the issue. Even when this process ended for some time, I wrote a letter and said that we welcome negotiations. We don't see any reason to end negotiations with the European countries with which we have very close trade, technological and political relations. We think that the two sides' interests dictate that we should be active in that regard. The Europeans can be active even in issues related to the region's security. We will welcome such a thing. As a result, there hasn't been a change of policy. We have always welcomed the resolution of Iran's nuclear issue through negotiations. However, during negotiations, irrational requests mustn't be made. Negotiations are held so that various views are expressed and an agreement is reached. I think it's wrong to think that during negotiations miracles happen and everything is resolved. At any rate, when all world countries don't have the same paradigm they have differences in various issues. I believe that the Islamic Republic of Iran's approach that it's possible to resolve these problems through negotiations is very logical.

You said that some consultations have been held. Yes, these days some consultations are being held. Some European and non-European countries are holding talks and are in contact with us. Under such circumstances which we are close to the issue [as heard: presumably close to the reporting of Iran's case to the Security Council]it's natural for various countries to hold discussions so that they can find more rational solutions.

Iran relies on national capabilities

[Moderator] Mr Mojtaba-Baba'i from Iran News, and then Mr Mohammad Nuri from NHK News Agency of Japan.

[Iran News reporter] Hello. I have two brief questions. Please frankly respond to them. If Iran's case is referred to the Security Council tomorrow, may Iran rely on the friendship of Russia to veto resolutions?

My second question is about negotiations with America. I wanted to know about your view in this respect. Many domestic experts, including university instructors or nuclear experts, with whom we speak believe that America should be our main interlocutor. So why are we beating about the bush? It might be good to talk with others, but why shouldn't we enter into negotiations with the main party involved? May we have something like negotiations with America in near future if we face special conditions?

[Larijani] I have already expressed my view about your second question and I don't think that there is any need to repeat it.

Concerning your first question, I should stress that we will rely on our national capability and we shall certainly benefit from the friendship of other countries. There is no reason for us to forget our friends and not to use our diplomatic relations with them. However, we rely on our own national capabilities in the first place.

Russian proposal irrelevant if Iran referred to SC

[Mediator] Mr Nuri from NHK news agency, Japan; and then Mr Fuladi from AFP.

[Nuri] Hello, my question may be a repeat but here it goes. If Iran 's case is referred to the UN Security Council, will Iran immediately shelve the Russian proposal? The next question is in relation to the Russian proposal. My friends mentioned earlier about the question of two years or ten. You did not acknowledge whether it is going to be ten years. Has Europe suggested a specific period for example seven years?

[Larijai] We have not discussed a sever-year period. I assure you, I know a little about figures and number because my main field is mathematics and therefore I have a good memory for figures. There have been no discussions about the figure seven or ten. Regarding Iran's referral to the Security Council and whether Iran will immediately shelve the Russian proposal, I do not think so. I think, if you look at this event objectively, to reach a point of calm, this proposal should be discussed and certain conditions should be developed form the discussions. If Iran's case is referred to the Security Council and Iran starts its enrichment programme, under such circumstances the Russian proposal will not have the chance to develop. therefore we have to prepare the conditions for its development and then we can talk about what to do next. Therefore, we have nothing against this proposal but in the circumstances the subject is academic.

Iran's case should remain within agency

[Moderator] Mr Puladi form AFP, Mr Amu'i from Hamshahri newspaper.

[Puladi] Hello, I am glad that I have give a chance before the end of the conference.

[Larijani] You are not that innocent! [Audience laugh]

[Puladi] You have not clearly stated Iran's stance before the meeting of the IAEA Board of Governors . Could you please explain What is Iran expecting to gain at the IAEA meeting tomorrow? And is it possible that Iran has a card up its sleeve that would astound every one at the last minute. The next question is that you said Iran will reduce its cooperation with the agency if its case is referred to the Security Council. My question is what do you mean by reduce and will it include withdrawal from the NPT?

[Larijani] I have already explained about the NPT. I said that Iran has no intention to do so unless they behave in such a way that we will be force to take such an action. Initially It is not our policy to do so. We regard the NPT a positive agreement for solving problems at the international level. Therefore we have no intention of withdrawing from the NPT. You said you have not understood what Iran's expectations are from the agency at the meeting of the Board of Governors. It is very clear. As I said earlier, it is rational to expect that the case should be dealt with within the agency and that Mr Al-Baradi'i can get on with his work. Mr Al-Baradi'i has mentioned in his report that he has made progress. Well, we want him to be given the chance to do so. what is the rush? We advise that the case remains within the agency and then we will have the appropriate cooperation with the agency. The situation with the agency will then be clear. As for the card up my sleeve, I am not into magic and think if there is going to be a miracle, it is the Europeans who should perform it because we have shown enough flexibility.

Number of centrifuges for R&D not discussed

[Moderator] Mr Abolfazl Amu'i from Hamshahri, and then Mr Alexid Sipen [phonetic] from Russia's ITAR-TASS.

[Hamshahri reporter] Hello. I will only ask one question so that my colleagues from other dailies may have the chance to ask their questions too. My question is about quantity and numbers. I want to know whether you had any discussion on the number of the centrifuges used in R&D. It was said in the news that the Russians are ready to agree that Iran may have 1,000 centrifuges for R&D purposes. Do you confirm this news?

[Larijani] We did not discuss numbers. However, R&D has got a quantitative definition and the number is not that fixed to say that there should be 1,000, 1,001 or some other number of centrifuges. In fact, there is a scientific formulation for this purpose. I think we should not avert the public opinion by mentioning numbers such as 2,000, 3,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, more or less. There is a scientific definition anyway. I may just say that no numbers were discussed.

Iran ready to accept temporary suspension

[Moderator] Mr Alexid Sipen is not present. The question has already been translated and given to me, however it is repetitive. Does Iran accept that for confidence-building.

[Larijani interrupts] If he is not present why are you reading his question then?

[Moderator] Apparently, his cameraman is present in the meeting.

[Larijani] OK.

[Moderator] The question is as follows: Is Iran ready to carry out uranium enrichment in any other country for a limited period of time to build confidence at the international level?

[Larijani] I have already answered the question. We do not have such a thing for R&D. But if Iran's points are taken into consideration, we can accept this [in case of uranium enrichment] for a limited time. This is the final suggestion that Iran has to settle the problem. Therefore, I think that we have put on the table all solutions that may settle the problem in a desirable manner. It is now upon others to explain why they are reacting so furiously.

Iran welcomes negotiations

[Moderator] Dr Larijani, I think every one is very tired. If you are tired we can finish the session.

[Larijani] I am more concerned abut others. Do you have a question? [asking a reporter]. Which newspaper? You can ask one question.

[Reporter] Yes. Hello sir. I hope you are not too tired spending so much time answering the questions considering you have had sessions in Moscow and Vienna too. Every question asked so far has been related to Iran's stance. I would like to pose my question from another angle. As you are at the centre of these complicated negotiations, my question is: in the words of Mr [Hashemi] Rafsanjani, do you think the West will attempt to untie this knot using their hands or their teeth [i.e. choosing the easier option]?

[Larijani] Various motives are involved. My impression is that the Westerners can untie this knot using their hands and there are forces in motion to do so. We welcome these forces. Not every one has the same views as the Americans. Therefore, one should not view this issue with pessimism. That is why we welcome negotiations. If we were not happy, we would not have done it. We think that it is possible to reach an agreement. We welcome negotiations.

Iran does not need nuclear weapons to be regional power

[Larijani] Thank you all very much.

[Reporter] Mr Larijani, I was the first reporter here and am still waiting to ask a question.

[Larijani] This is not my fault. Well You can quickly ask your question.

[Another reporter in English] I am from Switzerland and have a very short question. You said that Iran is a regional power. Do you think Iran can remain as a power in the region? Due to the encirclement of other nuclear powers such as Israel, Russia and Pakistan.

[Moderator] So your question is whether Iran will remain a superpower?

[reporter] Yes.

[Moderator] In comparison with Russia and other powers such as Israel and Pakistan? Mr Larijani his question is: By seeking nuclear Technology is Iran after becoming a regional power and comparing itself with Russia, Pakistan, Israel and such atomic countries?

[Larijain] Iran does not need atomic power to become a regional power. As it is, Iran is a regional power without the nuclear weapon. The big powers know which countries in the region have influence and can play a role in the equations. That is why there is no room for nuclear weapons in our security doctrine. We support the nuclear disarmament theory in the region. In her recent visit to the Persian Gulf region, Miss [Condoleezza] Rice brought up the theory of disarmament in the Persian Gulf to overshadow the nuclear disarmament discussions. We support this idea too. This is a good idea. A disarmed Persian Gulf is a good idea. However, the next step up is the disarmament of the Middle East and a step further is the nuclear disarmament of the world. They are all good ideas. Therefore, we are not after nuclear weapons.

[Larijani to another reporter] Now you can ask your question. You were very worried.

End take 38 of 40

Thank you Mr Larijani. In your talks with Russia and Europe what was their view on President Mahmud Ahmadinezhad view who believes that this is a very good plan. What do the Russians and Europeans think about this plan?

[Larijani]: We mentioned the idea of a consortium. No one had a negative view on this. Of course, they may not welcome such a thing under present circumstances. However, if their problem is trust, then they can become a partner in Iran's uranium enrichment factory and watch closely what Iran is doing. I think it will take some time before this issue bears any results. I would like to thank everyone.

[Serju'i] Mr Larijani. I am Seju'i from the Iran News daily. At the beginning of your comments, you talked about the Islamic Republic of Iran's defence doctrine and said that cooperation and interaction with our neighbours is very important to us. An issue which has been mentioned amongst experts and in political circles from a few years ago and especially during the past few weeks after Russia proposal was mentioned, is that Russia cannot be trusted at all and that even in its proposal it is considering its own interests and it wants to gain access to Iran's warm waters of the Persian Gulf. Even today the Farda News web site quoted Mr Castro as saying that he has told senior Iranian officials that Russia cannot be trusted.

My other question is about the UF6 gas. What do we do with the UF6 gas after we extract it from the yellow cake? It has been said that this gas is stored in cylinders and it's very difficult and costly to store and at the same time it has a very low quality. What do we currently use this product for?

Russia has acted more appropriately than others

[Larijani] I'm very surprised that some of the information given by the media is that it's very expensive to store UF6 gas. Which experts have said such a thing? Why are they saying such a thing? What do we do with this UF6 gas? UF6 is injected into centrifuges for the enrichment process. So there is a use for it. It's surprising that they are saying that our raw materials are not good. Have those who are saying such things gone and carried out tests and seen things for themselves? I think that a current in the country is saying such things in order to undermine the nation's firm determination regarding the nuclear issue. This means that when they saw that the Iranian nation had its say and is steadfast in its path, they tried to undermine this determination in another way. If this is the case, then why are others exerting pressure on us? If one produces something faulty, they would have said well carry on making faulty products. It's regrettable that such things are being mentioned. At any rate, I would like to thank you.

[Correspondent interrupts]: You didn't say anything about Russia doctor.

[Larijani]: I don't see any rational link between our cooperation with Russia and that country's desire to gain access to warm waters.

[Correspondent interrupts]: Trusting or not trusting Russia is important?

[Larijani] Look. Without a doubt, [Russia's president] Mr Putin is much more trust-worthy than [US President] Mr Bush. Don't ever doubt such a thing. I think that Iran's national security doctrine, which is based on close cooperation with its neighbours, is an appropriate doctrine. Our neighbours have to secure the region's security together. Why shouldn't we have good relations with our neighbours? However, you are saying that they make decision's based on their national interests. Well, this is very clear. Don't you make decisions based on you interests? It's rational to say that countries make decisions based on their interests. As a result, our interests have to become intertwined. We have to learn the art of intertwining our interests together.

[Correspondent]: We intertwine them. But, usually the Russians don't do such a thing.

[Larijani] I don't have the same negative view which you are trying to insinuate. I think that we have had some very close cooperation with the Russians. We may have some difference of opinion. But this doesn't cause any problems. Don't we have any differences of opinion with the Europeans which we have a high volume of trade with? Of course, we do but we work together in the areas in which we have agreement. It's the same with Russia. Of course, there is some basis for what you are saying in our country. I don't deny this historic fact. However, you are living in the present and shouldn't always live in the past.

[Correspondent] The Russians signed the resolution which was against us, calling for our case to be reported to the Security Council.

[Larijani] At any rate, the Russians have always acted more appropriately than others. I want to say that we must know our limitations and constraints. As far as Iran's atomic issue is concerned, the Russians have sometimes had very good cooperation with us. Why don't you consider that. I don't want to say that we are united. But our cooperation with Russia is based on our interest and the Russians are cooperating based on their interests. You have to link the interests together.

I would like to thank all my dear friends.

Source: BBC Monitoring Middle East

More News in this Category