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Shuttle Disconnects From ISS, Heads Home

Posted on: Saturday, 15 July 2006, 15:00 CDT

By SETH BORENSTEIN

HOUSTON - Separated from the international space station, their heat shielding inspected one last time for damage and all their goals accomplished, the crew of the space shuttle Discovery was ready to come home Saturday.

NASA considers the flight an unblemished success, something the shuttle program hasn't had in nearly four years.

With just a few more last-minute radar data images remaining to be examined, NASA engineers could find no problems with the shuttle heat shield. They had used several methods to look for flaws over nearly two weeks.

An official, final "good to go" decision for landing is expected Sunday. Discovery will try to land at a possibly cloudy and rainy Kennedy Space Center on Monday, at either 9:14 a.m. EDT or 10:50 a.m. EDT.

Discovery must land by sometime Wednesday, and if it can't complete its flight Monday, NASA will consider the backup landing site at Edwards Air Force Base in California.

Early Saturday, Discovery's crew bid farewell to the international space station, taking pictures and leaving European Space Agency astronaut Thomas Reiter behind for a six-month stay.

Then, pilot Mark Kelly fired up the shuttle's steering jets, slowly backing Discovery away from the station as the two passed over the Pacific Ocean more than 220 miles below.

"Have a safe journey back, soft landing and we'll see you on the ground in a few months," space station flight engineer Jeff Williams radioed to Discovery.

Discovery commander Steve Lindsey responded: "Thanks, Jeff. We enjoyed it tremendously."

The undocking went "by the book," said chief flight director Tony Ceccacci.

After moving 45 miles away from the space station, the Discovery astronauts used the shuttle's 50-foot robotic arm and its new 50-foot extension boom to inspect the orbiter's right wing and nose cap - the fourth precautionary examination of the 13-day mission. The shuttle stayed close enough to the space station that it could dock again if necessary to await a landing clearance from mission managers reviewing the inspection images.

There remained only one concern that could affect the astronauts' landing plans: a slow leak in one of the shuttle's three units that power hydraulic systems used for steering and braking.

There was no way of knowing whether the leak involved harmless nitrogen or flammable hydrazine, so the power unit with the leak will be turned on early Sunday as part of its normal testing and engineers will watch to see if the leak rate changes. If it does, NASA may burn off the hydrazine and shut the unit down before the landing to eliminate any fire hazard, said John Shannon, the shuttle program's deputy manager.

That scenario was unlikely, Shannon said. But if the power unit were shut down, the shuttle could land with just two power units for the first time in the spacecraft's history. The shuttle needs only one power unit to land.

Try as they might, NASA engineers could not find any damage to shuttle heat shields. The lack of apparent damage was a contrast from the last two shuttle missions.

It was a crack in Columbia's wing - caused by a chunk of insulating foam that fell from its external fuel tank - that allowed hot re-entry gases to burn into that shuttle, leading to its fiery disintegration and killing seven astronauts in 2003.

Last year's first post-Columbia flight, again involving Discovery, also had unexpected heat shield problems, including more foam hits.

This time the biggest piece of foam to come off Discovery's external fuel tank weighed less than an ounce and was no worry. The most noticeable blemish on Discovery's heat shield was a deposit of bird droppings that triggered more snickers than worry.

Ceccacci beamed Saturday morning as he checked off the goals accomplished for this flight:

-No shield problems caused by falling foam.

-Heat shield repair technique, which astronauts could use in case of emergency, was tested.

-Technique for applying heat shield repair patches was tested.

-Repairs were made to the space station's external rail car, needed for station construction.

-Reiter was transferred to the station, boosting its crew to three.

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Associated Press writer Mike Schneider contributed to this report.

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On the Net:

Shuttle program: http://spaceflight.nasa.gov

Source: Associated Press/AP Online

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