How to Treat Coughs and Colds in Children

A U.S. pediatrician advises treating coughs and colds in children under age 4 without using over-the-counter medications.

“A cold is caused by a virus that cannot be killed by an antibiotic,” Dr. Jacqueline Kaari of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Osteopathic Medicine says in a statement. “Nothing, including over-the-counter cough and cold medicines, will make it go away faster, but you can treat the symptoms.”

Kaari suggests easing symptoms by using a cool mist humidifier to moisturize air passageways or using steam, such as shower steam, to help loosen secretions. Honey and lemon in hot water or decaffeinated tea help coughs.

Whether cold or cough, encourage rest, good nutrition and drinking plenty of liquids. Tylenol, given according to recommended dosage instructions, can help ease fever. Keep children home for at least 24 hours after they have had a fever.

In older children, cough and cold medications may be used but parents must be careful to follow directions. “When treating a multi-symptom cold with multiple over-the- counter meds, ingredients may overlap, resulting in an overdose,” Kaari says.