Latest Cytochrome P450 Stories
Dense breast tissue contains more cells believed to give rise to breast cancer, compared to non-dense tissue, U.S. researchers said. Dr. Karthik Ghosh, a Mayo Clinic breast cancer researcher, said researchers found a dramatic difference in tissue composition between dense and non-dense tissue in the breast. In a second study, Celine Vachon, also of the Mayo Clinic, found that dense breast tissue has more aromatase enzyme than non-dense tissue. This is significant because aromatase helps...
Osmetech, a molecular diagnostics company, has launched a new genetic test for CYP450 2C9 drug metabolism. The CYP2C9 gene is important in its involvement in the metabolism of 10% of all drugs, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (eg celecoxib, ibuprofen), anti-coagulants (eg warfarin), anti-epileptic agents (eg phenytoin), cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins / eg fluvastatin) and anti-diabetic agents (eg aprepitant). CYP2C9 polymorphisms result in a decrease or loss of enzyme...
Osmetech plc (LSE:OMH), the international molecular diagnostics company announces the launch of a genetic test for CYP450 2C9 drug metabolism. CYP450 2C9, or CYP2C9, is an important member of the Cytochrome P450 family of enzymes responsible for detoxifying potentially hazardous chemicals, such as drugs, that are "foreign" to the body. The CYP2C9 gene is important in its involvement in the metabolism of 10% of all drugs, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. celecoxib,...
By Chaudhry, A S Kochhar, R; Kohli, K K Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are extensively metabolized in the liver by CYP2C19, that demonstrates genetic polymorphism with 21 mutant alleles. The subjects can be divided into 2 groups with respect to CYP2C19 phenotypes viz., extensive metabolizers (EMs) and poor metabolizers (PMs) of PPIs. This division results in marked interindividual variations in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PPIs in the population. Intragastric pH values and the...
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c84902) has announced the addition of The Biochemistry of Drug Metabolism: Principles, Redox Reactions, Hydrolyses to their offering. The first of the two volumes is divided into three parts. Part One begins by introducing xenobiotics in the broad context of physiological metabolism, and continues with an overview of the processes of drug disposition and metabolism. It then goes on to summarize the macroscopic and...
By Masubuchi, Yasuhiro Horie, Toshiharu Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes oxidize xenobiotics into chemically reactive metabolites or intermediates as well as into stable metabolites. If the reactivity of the product is very high, it binds to a catalytic site or sites of the enzyme itself and inactivates it. This phenomenon is referred to as mechanism-based inactivation. Many clinically important drugs are mechanism-based inactivators that include macrolide antibiotics, calcium channel...
NEW YORK -- A genetic mutation that slows the rate that the body metabolizes caffeine increases individuals' risk of having a heart attack if they drink much coffee, investigators report in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Caffeine is metabolized primarily in the liver by the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme, Dr. Ahmed El-Sohemy and colleagues note. They explain that mutation in the gene that codes for this enzyme alters the rate of caffeine metabolism. This may explain why...
ATLANTA - While changing sex from female to male, the highly social bluebanded goby becomes more aggressive. At the same time, the conversion of testosterone to estrogen slows in the brain, but is unaffected in the changing gonads, according to a Center for Behavioral Neuroscience (CBN) study in the current on-line edition of Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The finding, which suggests the initial stages of sex change in fish are regulated in the brain, could help better explain the...
