Health

How to Tell If a Cyst Is Infected and What You Can Do About It

Written By: Arch
Arch

Dealing with skin blemishes becomes tricky when your skin gets infected. This is the problem behind acne and some other skin conditions. Clogged pores invite infections, and the result is painful and unappealing.

But infected cysts are a different issue. Cysts are sacs that are filled with liquid, and they can form due to blocked ducts. Which they’re usually non-cancerous, they get dangerous when they become infected.

For this reason, it is important to learn how to recognize a cyst. You also have to make sure you know how to tell if a cyst is infected. Here’s what you need to know about identifying and treating cysts.

Recognizing Cysts

First, it’s important to point out that cysts can grow anywhere in the body. Many cysts develop right under the surface of the skin, which can happen on the face or on other areas. These types of cysts are especially prone to infections.

Do you always take note of the fact that you’ve developed a cyst? What are some signs to look for?

1. Cysts on Internal Organs

In some cases, it’s difficult to tell that you have a cyst because it’s located deep inside the body.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a typical example. This is a painful hormone disorder that appears in 1 out of 10 women of childbearing age. It can have some dangerous complications, and it’s impossible to notice the problem until it starts impacting your reproductive health. Most women notice they have PCOS after they start having irregular periods or growing excess body hair.

Cysts may also develop on the kidneys, the testes, the lungs, and liver. In newborns, the membrane of the brain can develop cysts too.

These conditions all have different symptoms. If your doctor suspects that you may have a cyst, they’ll run diagnostics such as X-rays, ultrasound, MRIs, or CAT scans.

2. Cysts Directly Under the Surface of the Skin

Cysts can also form close to the surface of the skin. These can be just as dangerous and often need professional care. In many cases, they grow in the hair follicles or in the sebaceous glands.

It’s not always easy to tell if a lump on your skin is a cyst. Small ones can be mistaken for acne.

But when the size and location of the lump seem out of the ordinary, it’s usually because there’s a cyst present. They can form in some unusual places, such as the back of the knee. Skin cysts can be painful, but that’s not always the case.

Do You Need to Seek Medical Attention If You Have a Cyst?

Some cysts don’t require medical care, but the ones that become red or infected do need treatment. Here is how to tell if a cyst is infected:

  1. Pain in the affected area
  2. Increased redness or swelling
  3. Abscesses oozing with blood or pus
  4. An unpleasant odor

One or more of these is enough to tell that you need to speak to a doctor. But since cysts can grow in many different places, the symptoms vary a great deal. For example, sometimes you only know you have an infection because of occasional stabs of pain.

Medical observation is also required for ruptured cysts. A rupture isn’t always easy to notice, but it can be very painful. In the case of ruptured ovarian cysts, painkillers may be required.

On the skin, cysts may burst or rupture for many reasons. When they do, the risk of infection becomes significant. Unfortunately, many people are unaware of this and prefer to pop their skin cysts. This can cause a great deal of damage, so you should always turn to a dermatologist for treatment.

What Kind of Treatments Can You Get for Cysts?

Instead of trying to remove a cyst yourself, you can have it removed by your doctor in safe and sterile conditions. Medical professionals use a local anesthetic to make the process as painless as possible.

A sharp surgical instrument is used to cut the cyst out before it can rupture or develop an infection. In the case of small cysts, lancing and draining can be enough. These procedures can leave a small scar. When the cyst isn’t infected or painful, dermatologists advise against surgical interventions.

What kind of treatment can you expect when the cyst is infected? Sometimes, doctors drain the cyst and prescribe a course of antibiotics. In other cases, they simply wait a month until the infection subsides. Additional options include laser treatment and injecting the cyst with medicine.

When it comes to treating internal cysts, doctors usually focus on reducing the symptoms. But in case of infections or ruptures, antibiotics are usually the only form of treatment available.

Are There Any Ways to Prevent Cysts?

Unfortunately, cysts are impossible to prevent in most cases. They have many different causes, and there is a genetic factor at play. If people in your family have had to deal with cysts, you may be at risk of the same type of cyst developing in your body.

But the good news is that there are a few conditions where prevention is possible.

1. How to Prevent Mucous Cysts

These form around the lips and can be very painful. You can lower the risks by maintaining good dental hygiene. Additionally, you should avoid biting your cheek and lips. Lip piercings can cause mucous cysts too.

2. How to Prevent Chalazia

Chalazia are cyst-like growths that develop on the upper or lower eyelid. They can be painless but are still at high risk of infection.

To stop these cysts from forming, it’s important to keep the oil ducts around your eye unblocked. You can do this by cleaning the eyelid regularly. Use a gentle cleanser and make sure to always go to bed with clean eyelids.

3. How to Prevent Pilonidal Cysts

Pilonidal cysts develop at the top of the buttocks. They often form during puberty, and they can be very painful when infected. These cysts can come from poor hygiene, but sitting in one place for too long can also lead to this condition. It’s usually possible to prevent them by keeping the cleft at the top of the buttocks clean.

A Word of Warning About Cyst Infections

If you’ve ever googled anything to do with skin cysts, odds are that you ran into cyst-popping videos on YouTube. This is a popular trend right now, and people who follow it are at risk of infection. Only use reputable sources if you want to learn more about cyst removal.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pcos/symptoms-causes/syc-20353439
https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/polycystic-ovary-syndrome
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos/treatment

Health

How Long Is a Tetanus Shot Good for and Why Is It Important?

Written By: Arch
Arch

You’ve probably heard about the CDC report that recently made the news. In 2017, a child in Oregon developed tetanus, the first case of this infection in the Beaver State in more than thirty years.

The patient was a six-year-old boy who had never received a vaccination. He had to spend 57 days in the hospital, and his medical costs were estimated to be over $800k. Tetanus is a painful infection that doesn’t have a cure and can be life-threatening. People who had tetanus once can have it again.

The report sparked a conversation and prompted people to reflect on their own immunizations. The CDC heavily emphasized the importance of taking regular tetanus shots, as well as other vaccines.

If you’re wondering about your own safety from tetanus, here is what you need to know.

A Quick Retrospective and Some Notable Numbers

The tetanus vaccine is one of the reasons why mortality rates went down in the US throughout the 20th century. Back in 1901, nearly 2.5 people out of 100,000 died of this disease every year. But by the end of the century, the average number of cases per year dropped to under 50 in the whole country, and these were often non-fatal cases.

The change was partly because of better living conditions and because antibiotics make treatment easier even if they can’t cure the patient. But the biggest difference comes from the fact that most people in the US have taken tetanus shots.

Unfortunately, this isn’t true in some other countries. There are still some areas with high risks of infection, especially for newborns and pregnant mothers. In 2015, around 34,000 babies died worldwide due to this disease.

What You Need to Know

It is clear that taking tetanus shots is an important part of staying healthy. But how long is a tetanus shot good for and does it affect your health in any way?

Let’s look at the most important facts:

  • Receiving a tetanus vaccine once isn’t enough.
  • For the immunization to be effective, you need to receive regular boosters. Children need to repeat tetanus vaccinations several times.
  • For adults, boosters are required at least once every 10 years.
  • Tetanus develops after an injury. When you have a cut or wound, you become vulnerable to the bacterial spores that spread this disease. Many people take boosters directly after getting injured.
  • Taking a booster shot during pregnancy is good for the unborn baby. It helps prevent neonatal tetanus as well as some other dangerous diseases.
  • Tetanus vaccinations and booster shots don’t have any lasting negative effects on the body.
  • Some people have allergic reactions to these vaccines. There are also some medical conditions that prevent people from getting tetanus shots. However, this is rare.

Now, let’s take a closer look at the recommended timeline for receiving these vaccinations.

Exactly How Long Is a Tetanus Shot Good for?

Children receive the DTaP vaccine, which covers three dangerous diseases: diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, it’s best to start DTaP vaccination very early in life. They advise that every child should receive a DTaP vaccination:

  1. When they’re 2 months old
  2. At 4 months of age
  3. At 6 months of age
  4. At 15-18 months of age
  5. At 4-6 years of age

But this doesn’t entirely complete the immunization process. At the age of 11 or 12, children are to receive a Tdap shot, which protects them against the same diseases as the DTaP vaccine.

This concludes all the immunization that children require to be safe from tetanus. Once again, newborns are safer if the mother takes a booster shot while she’s pregnant.

But what about adulthood?

As long as they received the recommended vaccinations as children, adults don’t need additional protection from whooping cough. So every ten years, they receive Td booster shots, which protect their health from tetanus and diphtheria.

This process can start around age 21-22. However, due to injuries or pregnancy, many people take booster shots before the ten-year period is through. If this is the case for you, your doctor will tell you how to proceed.

What About People Who Weren’t Vaccinated as Children?

After the age of seven, the DTaP vaccine is no longer effective. Fortunately, older children, teenagers, and adults can still receive tetanus shots.

If a person hasn’t received DTaP shots, they should take a Tdap vaccine. After taking Tdap once, it might be acceptable to switch to Td shots in the future.

If you haven’t been vaccinated, inform your doctor of your vaccination history. They can help you plan a catch-up schedule so you aren’t at risk if an injury happens.

Signs of an Allergic Reaction to Tetanus Vaccine

After getting vaccinated, it’s important to pay attention to any changes in your health.

Diarrhea, nausea, fever, and exhaustion are to be expected. The vaccinated area may become red, swollen, or painful. Babies and children may become fussy for a while, until the discomfort subsides.

But there are some danger signs you need to look out for. For example, an accelerated heartbeat and breathing issues may indicate an allergic reaction. Hives, swelling, and itching may happen as well.

According to the CDC, allergies happen only in one out of a million cases. But if you do notice any reactions that seem unusual or excessive, contact your doctor right away.

Overview – What You Need to Remember

There are a few different types of tetanus vaccine, and these usually offer protection against diphtheria too. Starting from the age of two months old, young children need to receive five vaccinations. These vaccines are called DTaP, and they aren’t given to older children or adults.

But everyone, regardless of vaccination history, needs to take a Tdap vaccine, followed by regular booster shots every ten years. For most people, this proceshttps://www.shutterstock.com/homes starts at the age of 11-12. If you have never been vaccinated before, your doctor will help you work out a schedule to catch up on booster shots.

You may also need a booster shot after an injury. Stepping on a nail is a typical way to get tetanus, but you’re at risk after any kind of injury that results in a wound.

Finally, pregnant women can and should take booster shots. This can be a good way to strengthen the child against infections.

 

References:

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/09/well/oregon-child-tetanus-vaccine.html
https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2019/03/08/what-tetanus-cost-an-unvaccinated-child-57-days-in-hospital-over-800k/
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6809a3.htm?s_cid=mm6809a3
https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/consumer-info/vaccines-and-immunisation
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt16-tetanus.html
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/Preview/Mmwrhtml/ss5203a1.htm
https://www.vaccines.gov/diseases/pertussis/index.html
http://www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4220.pdf

Health

How to Heal a Bitten Tongue Faster and Prevent Complications

Written By: Arch
Arch

Ouch! Biting your tongue can be a painful and uncomfortable experience. It is difficult to avoid tongue biting since it is an impact-related accident. But there is no need for you to worry because injuries like these happen all the time and are usually easy to treat!

Your tongue is a sensitive muscle filled with blood so it normal for its injury to look and feel awful. Despite looking bad at first glance, such injuries are usually minor and you can take care of them yourself. Thanks to the same blood flow that causes your tongue to bleed heavily, it will quickly regenerate, too!

The sudden nature of tongue-biting incident may be a frustrating issue. Mouth injuries can affect your daily activities like eating or talking. It would be beneficial to know how to heal a bitten tongue faster.

How Does a Bitten Tongue Happen

It is common for children to accidentally bite their tongue because of their high physical activity and recklessness. This causes a lot of accidental impacts that may cause their teeth to pierce the tongue. With adults, it is less common but it happens from time to time. This may happen:

  • When chewing
  • In the middle of physical activity like sports or exercise
  • In a traffic accident or other head-impact trauma
  • Due to anxiety attack or heavy stress
  • Due to dental anesthesia
  • In your sleep

The injury may vary. Usually, it is self-treatable and the tissue will regenerate itself, but there are instances in which you would have to look for a doctor.

Treating a Minor Injury

Lacerations are Injuries that pierce your skin and tissue. You will need to make sure that your injury is light before you proceed with the treatment. Even minor lacerations sometimes bleed a lot because of your tongue’s constant blood supply. Most of the bleeding stops quickly after the impact.

  • Wash your hands with soap and put on some latex gloves before proceeding.
  • Rinse the wound carefully with clean water so you are able to inspect it.
  • Apply pressure on the injured area with a piece of gauze for 5 to 10 minutes.
  • The bleeding should stop shortly after.
  • Wrap some ice or a frozen ice pack in a piece of cloth and apply to the wound for about 15 minutes.
  • Never put ice directly to the laceration or risk further damaging the tissue.

These steps should stop the bleeding and calm the injury.

How to Heal a Bitten Tongue Faster

If you ask any medical expert how to heal a bitten tongue faster, they will tell you to treat your recovering wound with great care. If you don’t pay attention to it, chances are that the injury will not heal smoothly. Make sure to prevent any complications by following some of these instructions:

  • Avoid eating spicy and hot food. Most of the spices will slow down the healing.
  • Try to avoid smoking cigarettes or using any other tobacco products (including chewing tobacco)
  • Make a salt solution by adding one teaspoon of salt to a small cup of water. Hold it in the mouth for about fifteen seconds. You should do this after every meal to clean the area of bacteria and food particles.
  • Ice cream, popsicles, and other frozen treats or drinks can help cool off the swelling.
  • When able, continue to apply pressure with ice packs to ease the pain.
  • If the pain prevents you from performing your usual activities, you may use OTC painkillers like ibuprofen.
  • Mix a half glass of hydrogen peroxide and water and use it to cleanse your laceration of all harmful particles and enhance the healing process. Do not swallow this mixture.
  • Take care of your dental hygiene as well as you can. Brush your teeth regularly.
  • Swishing antiseptic mouthwash like Listerine can help the wound regenerate.
  • Eat easy and soft food. You wouldn’t want to risk another injury while chewing something that is tough or hard.

By following this advice, your injury will likely heal much faster than just by letting your blood cells do all the work. If you work on the recovery you will notice visible progress.

When Should You Visit The Doctor?

While most tongue-biting injuries are easy to treat and last up to seven days, there are situations where it may get complicated. Sometimes the cut is so deep that it may require stitches, and other times it may catch some kind of infection. You will need more time and patience if your wounds are more serious.

You should see your doctor if:

  • The bleeding doesn’t stop thirty minutes after the injury
  • There is any visible deformity of the tongue
  • The pain doesn’t stop (or worsens) after taking medication
  • You get a fever
  • The wound becomes red over time instead of light pink or white
  • You notice pus or intense swelling

There is no need to worry even if your injury is more complex. Your tongue will recover as long as you follow your doctor’s instructions, even if it takes more patience and stronger medications. You will be happier if you let your laceration completely heal. More complicated injuries may require 3 to 4 weeks to heal completely.

Verdict

A bitten tongue is an unfortunate injury that may happen to anyone regardless of age. While it may seem serious, it is easy to treat most of the time. Your tongue heals easily thanks to the highly regenerative tissue.

Once you treat the immediate injury, you only have to take care of the wound by rinsing your mouth with salt water, applying ice packs to ease the pain and be careful when chewing. You should try to avoid hot and spicy food, and keep your dental hygiene at a high level. All of this will help your wound to heal as fast as possible.

If you notice any complications, don’t hesitate to look for medical help. The doctor can make sure that there are no complications and the recovery goes according to plan. Do your best to speed up the regeneration process, but try to be patient as well. After all, our body has the final say.

 

References:

https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/Pages/First-Aid-for-Bites-or-Cuts-to-a-Childs-Tongue-or-Lip.aspx
https://www.mottchildren.org/health-library/tw9012
https://www.ada.org/en/member-center/oral-health-topics/mouthrinse

Education

How to Become a Paramedic

Written By: Arch
Arch

Paramedics are responsible for providing emergency medical interventions outside of the hospital. They are the first to respond to an emergency call and treat anybody that needs immediate medical care. Although they know how to perform medical procedures and use certain hospital equipment, they are not doctors. Their main goal is to stabilize a patient for further treatment.

The life of a paramedic is everything but routine. They work shifts, often switching from day to night during a single work week. Despite being part of ambulance or hospital staff, they rarely work in a hospital environment. The workspace of a paramedic is everywhere: streets, households, buildings, etc.

If you’re wondering how to become a paramedic, keep reading. This article looks into the responsibilities and requirements of this dynamic career.

The Difference Between EMT and Paramedic

While all paramedics are EMTs (Emergency Medical Technicians), not all EMTs are paramedics. EMT is just the beginning of a paramedic’s career. While EMTs are skilled enough to provide immediate first aid and simple procedures, paramedics are responsible for more complicated interventions.

What Is a Paramedic

Paramedics are part of a hospital staff that performs immediate medical care at the point of incident. They give people initial treatment and prepare them for more complex interventions. Paramedics are also responsible for transporting patients to medical facilities.

Main Responsibilities

Paramedics save lives. Their main responsibility is to react as soon as possible to an emergency call. They need to make quick decisions once they are aware of a patient’s condition. Paramedics often work in a stressful environment and sometimes find themselves at the center of major accidents and disasters. This career requires courage, composure, and focus.

A paramedic must be able to:

  • Organize his emergency team
  • Perform CPR
  • Read an ECG
  • Triage patients
  • Perform different needle procedures
  • Operate a defibrillator
  • Treat severe injuries and control bleeding
  • Perform onsite blood transfusions
  • Deliver babies
  • Apply more than 30 medications

The responsibilities of a paramedic depend on the situation at hand.

Skills

Although paramedics learn most of their skills from education, practical training, and work experience, it would be valuable if you have:

  • Excellent stress management: Paramedics are constantly put in stressful situations. You will have to challenge your mind and body in working shifts and adapting to different situations.
  • Organizational, analytical and leadership skills: Scanning the situation and making quick decisions in the face of chaotic environments that require your action rather than indecision.
  • Communication skills: You will have to speak with the victims and bystanders to clearly assess the state of injuries and events. You will also have to talk calmly to assure those who are in a state of shock.
  • Driving license: Paramedics have got to transport a patient to the hospital.

Education Track

After you get your high-school diploma, it may take you anywhere from 3-6 years to become a paramedic. It consists of:

  • 120 hours of EMT training
  • Practical training in an emergency team
  • 2-year paramedic program
  • Passing a national exam and obtaining a certified license

Passing an EMT course

You have to be 18 years old and own a high school diploma to get accepted to an Emergency Medical Technology course. During this 120-hour program, you will learn everything needed to provide immediate help to people in need.

At the completion of this course, you should know how to perform CPR, check vital signs, treat minor wounds, burns and fractures and perform other basic life support. You’d have to get a driver’s license before finishing this course. Transporting people is one of the main responsibilities of an EMT.

After completing the course, you will have to pass a national exam that will make you a registered EMT.

Practical EMT Work

Before you dive into a paramedic program that might take up to 2,000 hours, you should spend some time honing your practical skills as an EMT. The experience of working with other paramedics and technicians will be valuable. Usually, registered EMTs spend one or two years working as an EMIT before applying to a paramedic program.

Passing a Paramedic Course

The path to a paramedic license is much more difficult than getting an EMT license. It consists of lectures, tests, and practical training. The program may last up to two years.

You will build on your EMT knowledge. Paramedic programs cover anatomy, psychology, and more complex medical procedures: needle procedures, managing medications, etc.

After finishing the course, you must pass a test to obtain your paramedic license. After getting your certification, you can start helping people and saving lives!

Career Path and Salary

When you get your paramedic license, you’d probably already have some practical knowledge thanks to your EMT history. Once you earn your certification, you can further steer your career in a particular specialization. Do you want to be a firefighter paramedic, flight paramedic or maybe military paramedic? Different work environments require different certifications and specialized skills.

The job outlook for a paramedic in the United States is positive. Trends like the ever-growing population, higher life expectancy, and medical advances result in higher demand for paramedic services. Since fewer people are entering this line of work due to its unique demands, the average salaries are on the rise.

A paramedic’s salary may vary depending on work experience, but the latest figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) show an average salary of $33,000-$35,000 a year (before any overtime). If you work your way to a high-level paramedic consultant, your salary may double.

Is This the Right Career for You?

So, how to become a paramedic? Through hard work and taking responsibility. You can start as soon as you finish high school. You also don’t need a college degree. The job is not for everybody, though. It can be traumatic and chaotic. You will have to work long shifts and often change your sleeping routine.

You will face challenging environments and sometimes tough decisions. As a paramedic, you will have to know how to react based on previous experience. And you will have to decide quickly and correctly. Also, you will have to get good at organizing your team and other people involved. Other people’s lives will depend on you.

A paramedic career will reward you with the irreplaceable feeling of saving somebody’s life or helping people in trouble. EMTs and paramedics are the unsung heroes and the first line of hope for victims of accidents. So, if you relish the challenge and dynamism of being a paramedic, you are a great fit for this job.

 

References:

https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/emts-and-paramedics.htm
https://www.paramedicedu.org
https://www.cpc.mednet.ucla.edu/node/27

Health

How to Use Apple Cider Vinegar in Your Everyday Life

Written By: Arch
Arch

Every kitchen should have a bottle of apple cider vinegar. It’s an inexpensive but very powerful way of improving your health and physical appearance. If you use it the right way, its benefits can have a significant impact on your everyday life.

If you want to know how to use apple cider vinegar to make this happen, here are some things you should try:

1. Skin Care Toner

Mix one part ACV with two parts water to create a skin toner. Every morning and night, clean your face and rub the mixture over it. It will clean your pores and prevent them from getting clogged, which is the main reason behind skin disorders such as acne. Research has also shown that it can be an effective treatment for scars, age spots, and milia.

Keep in mind that ACV might irritate very sensitive skin. If you notice any redness or soreness, dilute the vinegar with more water.

2. Deodorant

If you can’t find a good, effective deodorant, try using 1:2 vinegar-water solution. Diluted ACV does a great job at preventing bacteria from forming under your armpits, and so it helps with odor elimination. The same goes for all other body parts that might have an unpleasant odor from bacteria or a fungus.

If you’re worried about the strong smell of ACV, you can relax. This should disappear as soon as the vinegar dries on your skin. However, it’s a good idea to steer away from this method if you’re wearing sensitive fabrics like silk.

3. Dandruff Remover

Before washing your hair, create a 50/50 mixture of ACV and water and rub it into your hair. Let it sit for around 15 minutes, then wash your hair. This should get rid of all dead skin cells and help your scalp rejuvenate, since salicylic acid protects your skin from scaling.

For full effect, try doing this every night for a week, right before you go to bed. Even if you have a serious issue with dandruff, you should notice some improvements.

4. Energy and Detox Drink

Mix one tablespoon of ACV with 8 ounces of water, and drink the mixture every morning immediately after you wake up. The potassium content in ACV will give you an energy boost, and you’ll feel more alert early in the morning. In addition, the acetic acid found in ACV will help your body turn carbs into energy more effectively throughout the day, which should provide you with balanced energy levels.

This will also help your body get rid of toxins more effectively, and absorb all necessary nutrients from food much more easily.

5. Sore Throat Treatment

Add 1-2 tablespoons of ACV to 2 ounces of water. This will create a natural sore throat remedy you can gargle in order to get rid of the pain. Thanks to its antibacterial properties, ACV will help disinfect your throat and provide temporary or permanent relief, depending on the underlying cause.

As an added bonus, this can also eliminate bad breath by killing the odor-causing bacteria in the mouth.

6. Insulin Sensitivity Treatment

ACV has been praised for its role in regulating blood sugar for a long time now. Studies have shown that it’s very effective at improving insulin sensitivity.

Before meals, drink a mixture of 2 tablespoons of ACV and 8 ounces of water. This will reduce your blood sugar levels and keep them within a normal range. Bear in mind that you should never take more than 2 tablespoons of ACV in one day, and that it always needs to be diluted in water.

7. Sunburn Remedy

If you forgot to put on sunscreen and get sunburned, ACV can be a great solution. Its anti-inflammatory properties will help soothe your skin in no time.

There are two ways you can apply it. You can mix half a cup of ACV with four cups of water, and then apply the mixture to your sunburned skin. But you can also draw up a soothing bath, adding a cup of ACV with some lavender essential oil and coconut oil.

8. Wart Remover

ACV is very effective at removing different kinds of warts. It can be better than some over-the-counter solutions out there.

Soak a piece of cotton in ACV and place it on the wart, then put a Band-Aid over it so it doesn’t fall off. Keep it on for 24h and change it every day for 1-2 weeks. At first, you might see the wart throbbing, and then it will turn black after a few days. This is a normal reaction to the acids inside ACV, and the wart should be gone in two weeks.

9. Wound Sterilizer

The antimicrobial properties of ACV make it perfect for sterilizing large cuts and wounds. Just soak a piece of cloth in it and dab your wounds with the cloth. Keep in mind that this will be very uncomfortable and possibly quite painful at first, but the pain should go away soon. This will dramatically decrease chances of infection and speed up the healing process.

10. Heartburn and Indigestion Remedy

For some people, ACV makes heartburn more intense. But in many cases, it actually help ease the symptoms of mild heartburn.

It also helps with constipation, and many different digestive issues. Because of its acidity, ACV helps your digestive system to function normally.

Dilute a teaspoon of ACV in 8 ounces of water, or take it with a meal by mixing it in your food. This should help ease the symptoms of heartburn without irritating your mouth or throat. But if the symptoms aren’t improving or they’re getting worse, you might need to look for a different remedy.

Give It a Try

Now that you know how to use apple cider vinegar to deal with various everyday issues and health conditions, you can go ahead and try these tips out.

With ACV, you can save money on skincare products or over-the-counter medications. There are many more uses that you can explore, but these are some of the best-known ones that have been proven to yield results.

 

References:

https://www.longevitylive.com/live-healthier/drink-apple-cider-vinegar-daily
https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-14833/11-ways-to-use-apple-cider-vinegar-every-day.html
https://www.verywellhealth.com/apple-cider-vinegar-88768
https://drjockers.com/12-ways-use-apple-cider-vinegar

Health

How Long Does a Cortisone Shot Last?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Cortisone shots treat pain and inflammation in joints, tendons, and tissue. Often used in the treatment of orthopedic problems such as arthritis and tendinitis, cortisone acts quickly in reducing pain, as it gets injected directly into the inflamed area.

While many people think of cortisone as a cure-all, too much of a good thing can lead to complications. But when used occasionally, cortisone can bring relief that lasts longer than most other medications.

How long does a cortisone shot last and what conditions can it treat? Read on to learn about cortisone and how this medication can help reduce pain.

What Is Cortisone?

Cortisone is a powerful anti-inflammatory medication. It is used to treat a wide range of conditions, and it works by reducing inflammation in the body, especially joints.

Often referred to as corticosteroids, cortisone is a synthetic steroid that mimics the body’s natural cortisol, which is created by the adrenal glands.

What Conditions Can It Treat?

While it’s often used to treat inflammatory arthritis, doctors may also prescribe cortisone for the following conditions:

  • Gout
  • Bursitis
  • Plantar fascitis
  • Tendinitis
  • Rheumatoid, reactive, or psoriatic arthritis
  • Skin conditions such as acne

Cortisone is usually injected is the ankle, elbow, hip, or knee. However, it can also be used to treat inflammation and reduce pain in the small joints of the hands as well as larger areas like the shoulder and spine.

These shots can be used to treat sports injuries like tennis elbow and hamstring problems. Allergic responses, including asthma, can also be suppressed with large quantities of cortisone.

How Long Does a Cortisone Shot Last?

While the consultation and injection will only take a few minutes, the pain-relieving effects of a cortisone shot will last much longer. As local anesthetic is often given along with the shot, some patients’ pain dissipates immediately. Once the anesthetic wears off, most people feel the effects of the cortisone within three to five days.

The ongoing relief of cortisone is often felt for many months. Depending on the condition being treated and the level of inflammation, it’s possible for a single cortisone shot to provide relief for up to six months.

Factors that may impact how long a cortisone shot lasts include:

  • The joint or tendon being treated
  • The overall health of the patient
  • How long the joint is rested after injection

Resting the joint refers to the amount of time that passed between injections. If a patient does not experience pain relief within two to three weeks, a doctor will normally recommend a second injection. However, should pain persist past the second injection, an alternate treatment plan may be more suitable for the condition.

How Many Cortisone Shots Can You Have?

As some tendons are more likely to have post-injection complications, doctors will often inject next to the tendon rather than risk further damage. Although cortisone can continue to provide relief for months, too many injections can cause damage to the tendon, joint, or tissue.

Due to the risk of complications, most doctors recommend no more than three injections per year in the same location. It’s also important to note that while cortisone can temporarily suppress inflammation, it generally does nothing to treat the underlying cause of pain.

What Is the Procedure?

Before having a cortisone shot, speak to your doctor about any medications that you are taking. As blood thinners increase the risk of bleeding and bruising, it’s normally recommended to stop taking these a few days before the shot.

It’s important to speak to your doctor about your medical history prior to taking cortisone. As there can be adverse effects advise your doctor if you have any of the following conditions:

  • High blood pressure
  • Diabetes
  • Liver or kidney disease
  • Osteoporosis
  • A previous history of malaria
  • Stomach ulcers

The injection can often be performed in your doctor’s office, and the doctor may do some preparation in order to minimize pain. Once the needle is inserted, the medication is released into the body.

Does It Hurt?

Like any injection, a cortisone shot can cause some discomfort. As a needle will be inserted into the skin and deeper tissue, it’s normal to experience mild pain.

A numbing spray can help reduce the pain of the shot. At times, doctors use a small needle to prepare the skin before inserting the larger needle. It’s not always possible to avoid this brief pain but it’s a small price to pay for the cortisone’s beneficial effects.

Once the needle is injected, the local anesthetic starts taking effect.

What Should You Expect After the Injection?

It’s important to protect the injection site for a few days following a cortisone shot. Avoid placing excessive force on the joint and ensure the area is well rested. If you’ve had a shot in your leg, for example, avoid standing for long periods whenever possible.

Mild pain may be experienced for several days. Applying an ice pack to the injection site as needed can help ease this pain. It’s normally better to avoid using heat packs or taking hot baths following the procedure, as heat may promote additional inflammation.

Are There Risks or Side Effects?

While complications are rare, some common side effects of a cortisone shot include:

  • Facial flushes
  • Temporary pain at the injection site
  • Lightening of skin pigment around the injection site
  • Insomnia
  • Mood changes
  • Headache
  • Dizziness

More serious complications are also possible. These include:

  • Increased blood sugar levels
  • Infection
  • Joint or nerve damage
  • Weakening or rupture of the tendon
  • Seizures
  • High blood pressure

If you experience any serious side effects, contact your doctor for immediate advice.

Should You Get a Cortisone Shot?

Cortisone shots are often seen as a miracle drug, providing long-lasting relief from pain and inflammation. But while this can be the case, if overused or taken while suffering certain medical conditions, it has the potential to do more harm than good.

As with any medication, speak to your doctor about alternative treatment options to ensure a cortisone shot is right for you. If you’re young, it’s highly recommended to try all other treatments and therapies before getting a cortisone shot. If cortisone is required, limit the number of injections as the risk of damage to the joint tissue is high.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/about/pac-20384794
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17759-cortisone-shots

Education

How to Become an Orthodontist

Written By: Arch
Arch

Orthodontists are dental specialists who focus on incorrectly aligned teeth and jaws. By using devices like braces, orthodontists are able to straighten teeth for both aesthetic and functional reasons. Orthodontists also perform specialized procedures such as oral surgeries, and they treat dental abnormalities.

Correcting an overbite or underbite won’t just improve the function of the teeth and jaw, but it can also help boost a patient’s self-esteem. These specialists can bring back people’s smiles.

If you’re considering a career in orthodontics but aren’t sure what that entails, read on. This article will explore how to become an orthodontist and give you all the information you need in order to decide if it’s the right career for you.

What is an Orthodontist?

Orthodontists are dentists who specialize in teeth alignment and jaw disorders. General dentists refer patients to them for diagnosis and treatment.

Main Responsibilities

While braces are the first thing that comes to mind when thinking about orthodontists, these specialists provide many different services to treat an array of dental issues. Orthodontists typically help patients with:

  • Braces: Often the main role of an orthodontist, fitting braces can help align teeth and correct an overbite, underbite, or overcrowded teeth.
  • Space Maintainers: If a baby tooth is lost early, space maintainers can help prevent other teeth from encroaching into the lost tooth’s space.
  • Aligners: Similar to braces, aligners help straighten teeth and fix problems like crowding and improper bites. Most aligners are clear plastic, making them almost invisible.
  • Splints: Sometimes used for patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJ), these devices help reposition the upper or lower jaw to allow it to close more naturally.
  • Bumpers: Lip and cheek bumpers help reduce pain and discomfort by reducing the pressure placed on the teeth by the lips or cheeks.
  • Palatal Expanders: Used to widen the upper jaw, palatal expanders create more space in the mouth, which results in better alignment between the upper and lower teeth.
  • Headgear: To help slow jaw growth and correct bite problems, headgear can be attached to metal wires in the teeth. Often worn at night, headgear helps ensure the teeth are correctly spaced to prevent crowding.

How to Become an Orthodontist

If you’re considering a career in orthodontics, it’s important to understand how much study is required. The typical path from high school graduate to practicing orthodontist includes:

  • Bachelor’s Degree (four years)
  • Dental School (four years)
  • Orthodontic Residency (two to three years)

The minimum requirement to practice as an orthodontist is to have a doctorate in dentistry and specialized orthodontic training. After completing specialist training, orthodontists are able to become licensed and board certified. Study and training will typically take at least 10 years to complete.

Undergraduate Degree

As there are many pre-requisite courses that must be passed before you can attend dental school, most prospective orthodontists pursue a Bachelor of Science degree at university or college. While you can apply with any bachelor’s degree, the following courses must be completed and passed to be considered for dental school:

  • Biology
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Physics

It’s also recommended that students complete an English course with a focus on writing, as well as anatomy, biochemistry, and mathematics. Unrelated courses like social sciences and humanities can also improve a candidate’s chance of securing a place.

Take the Dental Admission Test

To attend dental school, students will need to study and pass the Dental Admission Test, or DAT. Typically taken during the Junior year of college, the DAT tests a candidate’s knowledge of natural sciences such as biology and chemistry, as well as their perceptual abilities, reading comprehension, and quantitative reasoning.

Dental School

Much like medical school, admission to dental school is highly sought after. While a passing DAT score is required, all of the following will be taken into consideration for a place in dental school:

  • DAT grade
  • Undergraduate GPA
  • Recommendation letters
  • Personal statement
  • Extracurricular activities such as interning at a dentist’s office
  • Interview

If successful, students enter a four-year program for a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DDM) degree. The first two years of the program focus on classroom training, while the third and fourth years are dedicated to gaining clinical experience.

Under the supervision of an experienced dentist, students gain exposure to dental specialties such as orthodontics, periodontics, and dental surgery.

Licensing

After completing dental school, you can apply for a license to practice dentistry. While some states only require a general dental license, others require orthodontists to apply for a second license after completing a postgraduate orthodontic program.

Before applying for an orthodontic residency or postgraduate program, students need to pass the National Board Dental Exam (NBDE). Completed over three days, this exam tests students’ skills and their knowledge of dentistry and clinical work.

Postgraduate Orthodontic Program

After earning your doctoral degree and passing the NBDE, students wishing to specialize in orthodontics need to enter a postgraduate program for additional training. Programs accredited by the American Dental Association generally take two or more years to complete.

In the postgraduate program, students learn about and gain practical experience in orthodontics, as well as dentofacial orthopedics (facial growth and development) and surgery. Once this program has been completed, students will be qualified as an orthodontic specialist.

Board Certification

The final step in becoming an orthodontist is to become board certified. This voluntary credential demonstrates an orthodontist’s knowledge and commitment to their specialty. Consisting of a written and clinical exam, this certification needs to be renewed every ten years.

Career Outlook and Salary

Many orthodontists practice both general and specialized dentistry. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, jobs in dentistry are likely to grow by up to 19% through 2026, much faster than average.

While the average salary for dentists is around $158,000, those specializing in orthodontics average over $229,000. Working in private dental offices, they can earn a higher average salary, at $236,000. Orthodontists employed in a general medical and surgical hospital may only earn around half that amount.

Should You Become an Orthodontist?

Now that you know how to become an orthodontist, you can ask yourself if it’s the right career for you. While there is the potential to earn a high salary, with over ten years of study and training it’s certainly not a career for everyone.

But if you like the idea of helping people and have the drive to succeed in your studies, you can find a challenging and rewarding career as an orthodontist.

 

References:

https://www.bls.gov/oes/2017/may/oes291023.htm
https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/dentists.htm

Education

How to Become a Nurse Practitioner

Written By: Arch
Arch

No career is medicine is easily attainable, and becoming a nurse practitioner is no exception. As a type of APRN (Advanced Practice Registered Nurse), nurse practitioners need to devote a lot of time and energy into education and training.

If you want to know how to become a nurse practitioner, this guide will offer a breakdown of all the steps you need to take. Even though there are various types of nurse practitioners, here are some general guidelines for pursuing this career:

1. Obtain a BSN

A Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing (BSN) is the first step towards becoming a nurse practitioner. It’s useful to gain experience with volunteering in hospitals, as it looks good in your college application.

Even though there are other degrees similar to BSN, this kind of a 4-year program is your safest way to make sure you have what it takes to advance to higher stages of education.

Aside from classroom work, you can expect different programs that will let you apply your knowledge to real-life situations. Over the course of four years, you will obtain many of the basic skills you’ll need for becoming a nurse practitioner.

It’s important to note that not all institutions provide the same quality of knowledge or the opportunities you need to build a successful career. Your college of choice should be accredited by ACEN (Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing) or AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) in order to provide you with the kind of degree that you need so you can get your license.

2. Become a Registered Nurse

During the final years of your bachelor’s program, you should get your RN license. This lets you gain the experience you’ll need before you can earn higher degrees. Becoming a Registered Nurse isn’t hard, and most people do it during their 3rd or 4th year of college.

All you need to do is complete a program and have the proof of completion, and pass the NCLEX-RN (National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses). Once you have your license, you can choose your preferred field and start gaining experience.

3. Obtain a Graduate Degree

Upon graduating college, you can start working on the degrees you’ll need as a nurse practitioner.

Research from the American Association of Nurse Practitioners shows that 99.1% of all nurse practitioners have graduate degrees. While it takes a lot of work to obtain higher degrees, it helps you become a successful nurse and compete with others in your field.

To qualify for nursing graduate programs, you need to hold a bachelor’s degree as a registered nurse, and pass the exams that come with your specialty.

First, you can work on getting a master’s degree and so obtain the title of MSN (Master of Science in Nursing). This could be enough to build your career. But you can also choose to become a DNP (Doctor of Nursing Practice). It takes two years to become an MSN, and additional four to obtain a DNP degree.

Your graduate program will contain both classroom and clinical work, covering a wide range of subjects, such as family or primary care, gerontology, and pediatrics. Once you’ve completed the program, you can advance to the next stage of becoming a nurse practitioner.

4. Get Your License and Certification

In the US, you can’t work as a nurse practitioner without a license. There are two types of licenses you need to have: national and local.

To receive a national license, you’ll have to go through the ANCC (American Nurses Credentialing Center) Certification Program. To apply for a license, you need to be a registered nurse, have at least an MSN, and have proof of more than 500 faculty-supervised clinical hours.

In addition to this, each state has its own licensing requirements that you need to meet before you can receive a local license. The requirements can vary, but you still need to have completed your graduate-level program and become a RN before you apply. You also need to have a national license before you apply for the local one.

5. Go Through Advanced Specialization Programs (Optional)

Once you have all the necessary certifications, you’re ready to start your career as a nurse. Still, many nurse practitioners decide to go a step further by obtaining additional credentials through specialization programs.

Even though this isn’t necessary, it can certainly look great on your resume and give you an advantage over other candidates for the job you’re pursuing. It also shows that you’re truly devoted to building a successful career as a nurse practitioner.

There are many specialization programs you can choose based on your area of expertise. These include PNP (Pediatric Nurse Practitioner), FNP (Family Nurse Practitioner), ACNP (Acute Care Pediatric Nurse Practitioner), and others.

Should Your Go for Online Programs?

Since you need to devote many years to education and training if you want to become a nurse practitioner, many people wonder if online programs are a good way to go.

The answer is yes, but only if you enroll in a high-quality program that’s comparable to traditional education formats. You need to make sure the program is offered by an accredited institution and that the degree you’ll receive is respected in the medical community.

Once you’re certain this is the case, you can start an online program. This can be just as challenging as completing a degree in a brick-and-mortar school, but you can make full use of the convenience and flexibility of online learning. It can let you gain more experience that the time limitations of traditional college wouldn’t allow.

In Closing

Now that you know how to become a nurse practitioner, you can decide whether this is the journey you want to embark on. If so, make sure you’re ready to put in the necessary time and effort into pursuing this career.

Many nurse practitioners will tell you that the path towards their career wasn’t easy and that it required a great deal of sacrifice. However, they’ll also tell you that it was worth it, as caring for people can be one of the most rewarding career choices you can make.

 

References:

https://www.registerednursing.org/nurse-practitioner
https://www.learnhowtobecome.org/nurse/nurse-practitioner
https://www.nursepractitionerschools.com/faq/how-to-become-np
https://www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/np-fact-sheet

Education

How to Become a Doctor – Everything You Need to Know

Written By: Arch
Arch

Being a doctor is a noble profession that lets you make people’s lives better. Potentially, you can save lives or help prevent lifelong afflictions. It’s by no means an easy job, but it can be one of the most fulfilling ones. Of course, it also comes with prestige and an impressive salary.

It’s no secret that pursuing a career in medicine takes a great deal of effort, not to mention years of extensive education. If you want to learn how to become a doctor, here are the steps you need to take:

1. Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree

To get into medical school, your educational background needs to be rather broad. Although you don’t need to have a specific major, your undergraduate work needs to be comprised of courses that are necessary for getting accepted into medical school. These include chemistry, biology, and physics, as well as advanced math that covers calculus and statistics.

It’s important that your pre-med education is high-quality from the very beginning. You need to pay close attention to your GPA, as most medical schools in the US require a GPA of 3.55 or more. To get into elite private schools, you need at least 3.75.

It’s also a good idea to engage in some volunteering work in this period. Not only will it look good on your medical school application, it will also help you develop the necessary skills for this profession. By choosing the right volunteering job, you can familiarize yourself with the world of medicine.

2. Graduate from Medical School

Aside from a bachelor’s degree, you need to pass the MCAT (Medical College Admissions Test) to get into medical school. There’s no rule for how high you need to score, as this depends on the number of applicants compared to the availability of slots.

The MCAT lasts about six hours, and it tests your skills and knowledge across various fields. As far as the content areas go, you can expect to take a test in general chemistry, organic chemistry, biology, and physics. Aside from this, the exam assesses your:

  • Writing skills
  • Verbal reasoning
  • Problem-solving abilities

If you’re accepted, you start your 4-year journey towards becoming a doctor. Over the course of the first two years, you’ll mostly do classroom and laboratory work. Then, once you have the necessary knowledge, you’ll start working with patients under an experienced doctors’ supervision.

This is a great time for you to choose your specialty. You’ll cover many different fields of medicine, so by the time you graduate, you should have an idea on the field you want to work in. This is also where the focus shifts from theory to practice, and you start learning how to become a doctor in real life.

3. Complete Your Residency

In the US, you’re not allowed to practice medicine without a residency. Despite extensive education, you still need to spend some time preparing for the actual career.

Depending on the field of medicine you choose, a residency can last 3-7 years. Programs like pediatrics and internal medicine often take less time than fields like psychiatry and neurosurgery.

This is when you truly start experiencing the life of a doctor. At first, you might be responsible for more mundane tasks like compiling a medical history or developing problem lists, but with time, the scope of your responsibilities should get broader. Even though you can’t expect a high salary during this time, you will get a stipend that should cover your everyday expenses.

4. Pass the USMLE and Get Your State License

Upon completing your residency, you need to obtain a license in order to have the right to practice medicine. To do this, you need to pass the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE).

The USMLE is a three-part test that takes between 3-6 days to complete. Each of the steps is designed to assess whether you can apply the knowledge you have to real-life situations. It takes a few months to prepare for the test, so make sure to start studying on time.

Aside from the US license, you also need to have one for the state you’ll practice in. The requirements vary according to each state, and it can take anywhere from 3-9 months until you get your license.

5. Pass the Board Exam for Your Specialty

The last formal certificate you need to obtain concerns your specialty. To obtain it, you need to pass the exam by the American Board of Medical Specialties. This used to be optional, but now a majority of hospitals and offices require it.

This part consists of a written and oral exam, and tests your abilities to apply the knowledge you have in your area of expertise to real-life situations.

6. Beyond Examinations

Depending on the institution you plan on working in, you might have to obtain a few other credentials. This usually isn’t a big issue, and by getting your specialty certificate, you should be able to start your career as a doctor without obstacles. There are also other optional internships and trainings you can take if you want to up your chances of being a successful doctor.

Of course, the learning never really stops. You need to renew your license multiple times during your career, and go to the classes and conferences that keep you up-to-date with the latest developments in your area.

Is This the Path for You?

As you can see, becoming a doctor is by no means easy. If you plan on pursuing this demanding career, make sure you’re willing to put in the hard work necessary to becoming a successful doctor.

More importantly, you need to think about whether this is something you can see yourself doing every day until retirement. A doctors’ lifestyle is different from that of most other professionals out there, and so it requires a particular way of thinking. But if you can cope with the pressure and stress of it all, you can build a respected career you’ll truly enjoy.

 

References:

https://study.com/steps_to_become_a_doctor.html
https://www.learnhowtobecome.org/doctor
https://www.verywellhealth.com/become-a-medical-doctor-1736285

Education

How Much Do Neurosurgeons Make and What Does It Take to Become One

Written By: Arch
Arch

The “it’s not brain surgery” joke might be funny until brain surgery actually becomes your career choice.

Being a neurosurgeon is anything but easy. Years of education and rigorous training are followed by a lifetime in one of the highest-pressure professions in the world.

The job is demanding and stressful, and it has an impact on your personal life. The path towards it is complicated and it takes a long time to complete.

Of course, there are many rewarding aspects of being a neurosurgeon, money being only one of the main ones. But it makes sense to wonder – exactly how much do neurosurgeons make? Let’s take a look at the numbers, and then get into what life of a neurosurgeon looks like.

How Much Do Neurosurgeons Make on Average?

A neurosurgeon’s salary can vary between $103,279 ‒ $789,182, with the median salary in the US being $397,757. The main factor that determines a neurosurgeon’s salary is their level of experience. Here’s an overview of average salaries depending on the career level:

  • Entry-level – $341,658
  • Mid-career (5 years’ experience) – $406,092
  • Experienced (10 years’ experience)- $462,377
  • Late career (20+ years’ experience) – $490,243

Of course, actual salaries can be much lower or higher than this, when you factor in profit sharing, commissions, and bonuses. The income of the top 10% of late-career neurosurgeons can even be more than $883,000.

This makes a career in neurosurgery one of the best paid ones in the field of medicine. This is mostly due to the effort necessary to become a neurosurgeon, the job’s demanding nature, and the extremely high level of responsibility that neurosurgeons have.

Even though this is by no means a small amount of money, many people still argue that the job is underpaid. Neurosurgeons deal with some of the world’s deadliest and most complex disorders, and the pressure in higher than in most other professions, both from the field of medicine and outside of it.

So if you’re thinking about a career in neurosurgery, money shouldn’t be the main reason to pursue it. Since the financial benefits might not outweigh the stressful lifestyle, you shouldn’t go for this career unless it is truly your calling.

So what does the life as a neurosurgeon look like? Keep reading to find out.

What Is It Like to Be a Neurosurgeon?

Imagine waking up in the morning knowing that someone’s life or their ability to perform everyday tasks sits in your hands. Now imagine doing the same tomorrow, the day after, and so on for the entire span of your career. Not many people would be able to handle this kind of unrelenting pressure.

Neurosurgeons have a responsibility to be at their best every time. There is no room for error or for bad days. This takes a toll on the surgeons, and it affects their personal and family life. Dealing with high-stakes situations becomes routine, but it never gets less stressful or demanding.

Of course, the job is also one of the most rewarding ones out there. Knowing that you helped save someone from aneurism, brain tumor, or a variety of other diseases affecting the central nervous system can truly bring joy to your life.

What Do Neurosurgeons Do Exactly?

Many people believe that neurosurgeons mostly deal with brain-related disorders. However, their scope is much wider, and it includes spinal operations of all sorts. In fact, neurosurgeons diagnose and perform more spinal than brain injuries.

What’s more, surgeons do so much more than just performing surgery. They can also recommend non-invasive procedures, physical therapy, or different medications. In most cases, they work with other doctors to determine the best way of dealing with specific issues. Every patient’s treatment needs a unique approach.

If this lifestyle sounds appealing to you, and you’d like to learn more about becoming a neurosurgeon, here’s what your path towards the career will look like.

Becoming a Neurosurgeon

A career in neurosurgery is reserved for those willing to commit fully to years of education and training. The first step is completing a pre-medical undergraduate program ending with a bachelor’s degree. A core pre-med curriculum involves:

  • Organic chemistry with laboratory courses
  • Biology with laboratory courses
  • Physics with laboratory courses
  • English
  • Advanced math classes, including calculus and statistics

Upon graduating, you need to undertake another 4 years of medical school. To get in, your GPA is very important, with the minimum being 3.55 for most US-based medical schools. You also need to pass the MCAT (Medical College Admission Test), which consists of six hours of various tests.

Upon finishing the 3rd year of medical school, most aspiring doctors start looking for residency. In every field of medicine, residency is necessary for building a career. With the seven-year requirement, neurosurgery has one of the longest residency periods in medicine.

After completing the residency, you can start working as a neurosurgeon. You can also go with sub-specialty training, which might last for a year or longer. Most people don’t start their career until their 30s, due to the extensive period of training and education. What’s more, every neurosurgeon needs to maintain their licensure through continuous education that involves various classes and seminars.

Should You Become a Neurosurgeon?

Many people want to know “how much do neurosurgeons make” without taking into account other, even more important things. The income is definitely high enough for most people to live a comfortable life, but it comes at a price.

As mentioned, you should pursue a career in neurosurgery only if you’re willing to devote yourself to more than a decade of extensive education and training. And once you’ve completed it, you need to be ready to give 100% in every situation, which can be extremely stressful. Aside from formal education, this requires a fitting mindset and good interpersonal skills. If you can develop those, and believe that neurosurgery is something you want to do for the rest of your life, all of this will be worth it.

 

References:

https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Neurosurgeon/Salary
https://work.chron.com/annual-salary-neurosurgeon-6734.html
https://www.workingmother.com/momlife/13708549/how-many-years-does-it-take-to-become-a-neurosurgeon
https://www.siliconrepublic.com/advice/neurosurgeon-brain-surgery-medtech

Health

How to Fix a Jammed Finger with Simple Home Care Tips

Written By: Arch
Arch

If you’ve ever played ball, you may have experienced a jammed finger. Imagine going to catch a football or basketball, but instead of it gliding into your hands, it smashes into your fingertip.

Jammed fingers don’t only happen with sports, though. You can also jam your finger doing simple things like closing a drawer at home. Either way, the pain is real and fixing it should be your first priority.

But do you know how to fix a jammed finger? A jammed finger is not as serious as a broken finger, and there are many ways to treat it at home.

What Is a Jammed Finger?

A jammed finger typically occurs when a blunt impact causes the fingertip to push back towards the hand. The momentum of the impact may cause stretching or tearing in the ligaments. Occasionally, if the impact is really hard, it can cause a bone fracture or tendon damage. Usually, though, you’re looking at a sprain.

Causes

Jammed fingers are frequently associated with sports, but they can happen at any time. Imagine tucking your sheets under your mattress. If one of your fingers misses the clearance and hits the base, you may end up with a jammed finger. Other causes can include:

  • putting your hand down to break a fall
  • closing a door or drawer on a finger
  • finger injury on the steering wheel in a car accident

What actually happens is that the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint absorbs the force of the blow. This joint is located in the middle of the finger, and injury happens when the ligament of the joint is stretched.

Symptoms

You may already know what a jammed finger feels like. But if you don’t, you could experience the following symptoms:

  • pain (not severe)
  • difficulty using the finger or holding anything with it
  • swelling or redness in the area of injury
  • stiffness

Fractured fingers have similar symptoms, but there are some key differences. Your finger is fractured and not jammed if you have these symptoms:

  • severe pain
  • inability to straighten or bend injured finger
  • swelling that lasts for a few hours to a few days

Broken fingers, on the other hand, are hard to confuse with jammed fingers. If your finger is broken, the pain will be very severe. Sometimes you may see a bone protruding toward the skin or visibly sticking out of it. Cracking or popping noises may also be present with finger movement if the finger is broken.

Jammed fingers are relatively common. Mild cases may be treated at home. However, they can lead to some complications like:

  • finger stiffness
  • finger weakness
  • traumatic arthritis, or long-term swelling or pain in the joint
  • joint deformity
  • permanent inability to straighten the finger

How to Fix a Jammed Finger: Home Care Tips

You can treat a jammed finger at home, but you may have to seek medical attention for severe injuries. If you’re unsure how serious your injury is, it is better to go to an emergency room than to try to treat it yourself. However, if you know that your injury is mild, try the following home care tips:

1. Ice It

First, ice the swollen area. Do it for 15-minutes every hour until the swelling goes down. If you don’t have ice, use a bowl of cold water instead.

2. Elevate It

Next, elevate your finger. That doesn’t necessarily mean you need to raise your arm above your head. Simply prop pillows or cushions under your finger to keep it above chest level.

3. OTC Pain Relief

Lastly, if you need to take something for the pain, over-the-counter relief works well. Try ibuprofen to ease any lingering pain or discomfort.

Splint or Immobilize Your Finger

Does your finger look like it’s out of joint? Don’t pull or yank on it.

Instead, try splinting it to keep the finger in place. Splints are pieces of foam or metal that wrap around the finger. They keep the finger in place and prevent you from injuring it more.

To keep your finger from moving or bending, you can also try buddy strapping it. This means that you simply tape your injured finger to the neighboring one. Immobilizing the injured finger can help alleviate pain from accidental movement and may also prevent you from hurting it further.

How long you have to keep your finger strapped or immobilized depends on your injury. Generally, you’re supposed to keep it splinted or strapped until it stops hurting, but this could take a week or two.

After Recovery Care

After your finger has healed, doing a little physical therapy or exercise can help you regain full motion. Try the following at-home exercises to strengthen the finger:

  • practice making a fist repeatedly
  • squeeze a hand-sized ball like a tennis ball or stress ball
  • hold objects in your hand

If you avoid using your newly healed finger, you can lose strength in that finger. Furthermore, not using the finger could cause imbalances in your other fingers, which may increase your risk of injuring those other fingers as well.

Serious Injury Options

If your injury is serious, don’t try these home care treatments and go see your doctor instead. If you have a torn tendon or ligament or a bone fracture, you may need surgery.

Further Tips

You may already know how to fix a jammed finger without realizing it. Like many mild injuries, the popular RICE method does wonders for aftercare. This includes resting, icing, compressing or splinting, and elevating your injured finger.

However, if you have signs that your finger is fractured or broken, seek medical attention instead. Look for symptoms like severe pain, crookedness, or dislocation. Your doctor can visually confirm if the injury is a jammed finger or something more serious.

Finally, with proper rest and care, mild cases of jammed fingers can be treated at home. Just give your finger a little time to recover and go easy on it. Before you know it, you’ll be back to your normal activities again.

 

References:

https://www.healthline.com/health/jammed-finger#treatment
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321288.php

Featured

How to Clean a CPAP Machine: Easy Maintenance Tips

Written By: Arch
Arch

CPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure, is a machine that helps people who suffer from sleep apnea. It provides a continuous stream of pressurized air to prevent the collapse of airways and allow unobstructed breathing.

In addition to sleep apnea treatment, CPAP is an effective tool to deal with snoring. The airflow that comes through CPAP mask minimizes tissue vibrations in the throat, thus preventing snoring.

A CPAP machine can improve your sleep, but it also requires regular maintenance to remain in perfect working order.

In this article, you will learn how to clean a CPAP machine. The good news is that you won’t need a sanitizer device to do it.

CPAP Cleaning 101

To clean the machine, you need a towel, a soft cloth, a small tub, and mild antibacterial dish soap. All parts of the machine can be cleaned, so don’t forget to get it ready, along with the headgear, mask, humidifier chamber, and tubing.

The cleaning process takes a few simple steps. Here’s what they are:

Step 1

Begin by completely disassembling the machine. Before you start disconnecting all the parts, make sure that the machine is unplugged to prevent getting shocked.

Remove the CPAP mask from the tubing and detach the headgear, if there is one. Take the tubing off and be careful not to damage the connectors. The same applies to the humidifier output and the water chamber. Disassemble the water chamber if you can (this may not be possible on all modern machines).

Step 2

Dampen a soft cloth in warm water and thoroughly wipe the outside of your CPAP unit.

Fill the small tub with warm water and add the antibacterial dish soap. You can add some vinegar for extra sanitation and cleaning, but it’s not necessary.

Put the disassembled gear (mask, connectors, and tubing) in the tub and let it sit for about half an hour. Swishing the water through the tubing helps you get to all the nooks and crannies, so you can do that as well. After soaking and swishing, rinse the elements in warm water and let them air dry.

You should clean the water chamber separately because it requires hot water and mild antibacterial soap. Like the other elements, it also air dries.

Step 3

There is a possibility that your CPAP machine has a special filter. You should check the machine’s instructions before you start cleaning the filter.

Some filters can be rinsed with warm water, while others need to be replaced. Disposable filters are usually replaced every 2 or 4 weeks, but the frequency may vary depending on where you use the machine.

Step 4

You can put the parts back together after they dry. Attach the headgear to the mask, connect the tubing to the mask, and hook it back into the humidifier. In some models, the tubing might plug directly into the machine.

Once you’re done, allow the machine to run for a while and check for air leaks. You should take the machine to a professional if you notice it’s not running properly after cleaning.

Additional Notes

  1. Don’t forget to check the manufacturer’s instructions before you start cleaning the machine.
  2. CPAPs shouldn’t be cleaned in a dishwasher because they could sustain damage.
  3. Use only gentle antibacterial soap without any perfumes. Otherwise, your lungs might get irritated.
  4. You need to clean the CPAP more often if you’ve been recently ill.
  5. Only use distilled water in the humidifier to prevent mineral deposits.

Sanitizing Units and Ultraviolet Lights

These devices are heavily advertised, but they are not necessary for proper CPAP maintenance. They provide very little additional safety compared to the cleaning routine described in this article.

CPAPs are sterile devices by nature and you are not at risk of contracting an infection if you keep the device clean. For over 35 years, these machines have helped thousands of people without expensive sanitation gadgets, so there’s no need to start using one now.

How Often Do You Need to Clean a CPAP Machine?

The physician who suggested using the machine probably also gave you some advice about the cleaning frequency. According to most manufacturers, the water chamber, mask, and tubing require daily cleaning.

Admittedly, this may be too often for most users. You are not in danger of an infection if you clean the machine once or twice a week. However, if you suffer from a respiratory infection, the machine needs a daily clean-up. This way, you prevent the germs from spreading around the machine, which might prolong your recovery.

Needless to say, you should be the only person to use the CPAP machine. Sharing might lead to an infection.

The Importance of Proper Maintenance

The air you breathe through the mask circulates inside the machine, and its quality is directly affected by the cleanliness of the CPAP elements.

In addition, proper maintenance minimizes the chance of bacteria and mold exposure. You will thus be less likely to develop allergy symptoms. There is also less risk of developing pneumonia or a sinus infection.

A poorly maintained CPAP machine often gives off a foul musty odor. There is also a higher risk of mineral deposits, which might lead to premature machine failure. What’s more, there is a danger of voiding the warranty if you fail to clean the machine as often as instructed.

Extra Tips

It is best to clean the CPAP equipment in the morning since it leaves enough time for the elements to dry. If you are a pet owner, you might need to clean the disposable filter a few times a week.

The CPAP machine should be away from direct sunlight to prevent damage. You should put it on a level surface like the nightstand. The surface needs to be clear from any objects that can obstruct the machine’s air intake.

It is advisable to wash your face before you put on the CPAP mask. Avoid facial moisturizers and oils because they can affect the integrity of the silicone seal.

Take a Deep Breath

Sleep apnea is a condition that seriously impairs your ability to sleep and may lead to more health complications. Luckily, CPAP machines provide the treatment you need to ensure continuous breathing during sleep.

This article has provided a comprehensive guide on how to clean a CPAP machine. The process is simple and, in most cases, you don’t need to do it every day.

You can make the CPAP clean-up a part of your weekly routine. If so, there’s no need to worry about the quality of the air you breathe through the machine.

 

References:

https://www.sleepapnea.org/treat/cpap-therapy/care-and-replacement-of-cpap-equipment
https://www.capitalhealth.org/medical-services/sleep-medicine/patient-education/cpap-equipment-maintenance
https://www.sleepassociation.org/sleep-treatments/cpap-machines-masks/how-to-clean-your-cpap

Health

How Long Does a Colonoscopy Take? – 8 Questions about the Procedure

Written By: Arch
Arch

While many people feel anxious at the thought of a colonoscopy, learning about the procedure can help allay any fears. Often recommended for patients experiencing abdominal pain or intestinal problems, a colonoscopy is also used to screen for colon cancer and detect abnormalities in the large intestine and rectum.

According to the American Cancer Society, colorectal cancer (cancer of the colon or rectum) is the third most diagnosed cancer in the United States. Although rates of death have been dropping for several decades, they estimate that colorectal cancer will cause over 50,000 deaths in 2019, while close to 150,000 new cases will be diagnosed.

It’s clear that screening is vital. If you need to have the procedure done or you just want to find out what it entails, this article will help.

What Is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a test used to screen for cancer and investigate intestinal problems. A long, flexible tube with a small camera is inserted into the rectum, allowing a doctor to see inside the large intestine.

Although it’s sometimes performed under general anesthetic, many doctors prefer to keep patients awake and responsive during the exam. Patients can assist with the colonoscopy by turning from side to side.

While the idea of a colonoscopy might make some people uncomfortable, the procedure plays an important role in identifying health issues. Biopsies can be taken to confirm or rule out disease, and abnormal growths and polyps can get removed to reduce the risk of cancer.

As this risk increases with age, it’s generally recommended to screen for colorectal cancer from the age of 50 and every 10 years thereafter.

How Long Does a Colonoscopy Take?

A colonoscopy will typically take around 30 minutes to perform. If the procedure includes the removal of many large polyps, it takes up to an hour.

Sedation is given to the patient before the scope is inserted. Small puffs of air help expand the colon so the scope can move. As the scope is withdrawn, the doctor carefully examines the lining of the large intestine for any abnormalities.

If these are detected, small tissue samples can be taken with the scope for analysis. Colonoscopies can help identify inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease.

In some cases, doctors identify polyps that need to be removed. These small bumps are often the first sign of cancer, so removing them can substantially reduce the risk of cancerous growths.

Is Colonoscopy Dangerous?

Colonoscopy is a common procedure that carries minimal risk. However, rare complications may include:

  • Bleeding due biopsies or removed polyps
  • Abdominal pain
  • A bad reaction to the sedative used for the procedure
  • Tearing in the colon wall or rectum

Before scheduling a colonoscopy, speak to your doctor about the possible risks and any alternative options.

How to Prepare for a Colonoscopy?

If your doctor has recommended a colonoscopy, there are a few things you will need to do to prepare for the procedure. In order for the doctor to be able to view the colon, patients will need to prep their bowel with a clear liquid diet.

While it’s necessary to fast for 24 hours before the procedure, patients are able to drink clear liquids such as tea, juices, or broth. But it’s important to avoid dark liquids or anything red or purple that could discolor the colon.

A laxative is often used to completely clear the bowel the night before or on the day of a colonoscopy. In some cases, doctors may also recommend using an enema to flush the lower colon. This may be an unpleasant experience but it will give the doctors the best chance of identifying any problems.

What Happens During the Procedure?

To ease discomfort, mild sedation is often used to perform a colonoscopy. While lying on your side, the doctor will insert the scope into the rectum to inspect the colon.

The scope is about half an inch thick and typically four to six feet long. It bends to allow the doctor to traverse the entire length of the large intestine. As the scope is moved, you may feel some cramping and discomfort, but as most colonoscopies are done under sedation, the pain is normally minimal.

Should the doctor identify any abnormal tissue, instruments can be sent up the scope to take a tissue sample from inside the colon.

What Should You Do During Recovery?

It may take an hour or two for the sedative to wear off, so it’s important to have someone else drive you home after the procedure. Your doctor will provide you with self-care information after a colonoscopy, and this advice should be followed carefully.

While you may be required to eat a special diet after a polyp has been removed, most patients just need to eat foods that are easy to digest. To avoid inflammation and complications following a colonoscopy, eat a low-fiber diet and drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration.

What to Expect from Test Results?

Your doctor will be able to provide you with some information immediately after the procedure. If everything was clear and no biopsies were taken, there’s no need to get more testing done.

But any removed samples or polyps will need to be analyzed. Results of these tests are normally available within a week or two.

Negative Results

Even if no biopsies were taken, your doctor is likely to recommend another colonoscopy in the future. If you’re over 50 and show no signs or symptoms of colon cancer, another test will need to be done in 10 years. If you have a history of abnormalities from previous exams, it’s best to do a follow-up test in 5 years, to be safe.

Positive Results

If polyps or abnormal tissue is detected, the colonoscopy is considered positive. Tests will need to be run to determine if the tissue is cancerous or not.

If one or two polyps are found, a follow-up colonoscopy is normally recommended in five to ten years. More frequent testing will be required if you have:

  • More than two polyps
  • Any polyps larger than 1cm
  • Polyps indicating a higher risk of cancer

The Takeaway: Should You Get A Colonoscopy?

Although rarely an elective procedure, a colonoscopy is a vital tool in the early detection of colorectal cancer. Thanks to better screening and the removal of polyps, rates of colon cancer across the United States have been falling in recent decades. If you are over 50 or have a family history of colon cancer, your doctor will be able to advise when you should get a colonoscopy.

How long does a colonoscopy take and how badly will it interrupt your routine? The procedure normally takes less than one hour, but you will need to set aside a full day to allow for recovery. As the effects of the sedative can take some time to wear off, make sure you have a ride home after the procedure.

 

References:

https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/about/key-statistics.html
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colonoscopy/about/pac-20393569

Health

How Long Do Eyes Stay Dilated After an Eye Exam?

Written By: Arch
Arch

By dilating your pupils, an ophthalmologist gets a better view of the internal structure of your eye. It allows the doctor to examine the blood vessels, retina, lens, and optic nerve. In turn, he or she can diagnose any problems that cannot be seen without dilation.

The doctor uses special drops to relax or contract the eye muscles. Once the muscles open up, the doctor can do a comprehensive exam of the eyes. But how long do eyes stay dilated?

A few different factors influence the time it takes your eye to go back to normal. This article will help you understand how the pupil works and how to deal with some of the dilation side effects.

The Pupil

Your pupils work much like a camera aperture. They open or close, depending on the amount of light that’s needed for you to see properly.

The process of constriction or closing is called miosis, while mydriasis is the name for the pupil dilation process. Your eyes remain in the state of mydriasis during and after the eye exam. Under normal circumstances, the dilation process is regulated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

However, the pupil size doesn’t only change due to the difference in light or when you get an exam. It can enter mydriasis as a result of excitement or emotional stress. This mechanism is attributed to the evolutionary fight-or-flight response. Your pupils open up so more light can come in, making you ready to react to a potential threat.

How Long Does the Dilation Last?

If your pupils get dilated due to excitement or stress, they usually revert to normal in a few minutes. But things are a bit different after an eye exam.

Doctors use different dilating eye drops, depending on the type of exam you need. After the exam, the eyes stay dilated for up to four hours or even longer. The dilation duration varies based on the specific type of eye drops your ophthalmologist uses and the color of your eyes.

In general, those with light-colored eyes could expect their pupils to stay dilated for up to 8 hours. On the other hand, the dilation period is much shorter for people who have dark-colored eyes. Regardless of the eye color, children often wake up with pupils wide open the morning after the visit to the doctor.

In some cases, the dilation eye drops can cause cycloplegia. This side effect induces a temporary paralysis of a special eye muscle, disabling you to focus on objects close by. It usually lasts for more than a few hours, but some people might struggle for a few days before their vision gets back to normal.

There are certain situations when a doctor intentionally induces cyclopedia. For example, children have a strong focusing apparatus which makes it difficult to do a proper eye exam. A doctor could deliberately induce cyclopedia to prevent focusing and measure the vision correctly.

In addition, cycloplegic drops might be used to treat some eye conditions or trauma. The inflammation of the eye’s middle layer (uveitis) is one such condition. In addition, pediatric ophthalmologists also prescribe the drops as a treatment for a lazy eye.

What Are the Side Effects?

Eye dilation doesn’t bring any long-term side effects. The short-term ones include blurry vision, heightened light sensitivity, and troubles with focusing. Some people might also experience a stinging sensation when the doctor puts in the drops.

People who use contact lenses might not be able to use them until the effects of dilation drops subside. This is bothersome, but it’s not something you cannot tolerate.

There are also a few things you can do to lessen the side effects.

Get a Helping Hand

Since your vision is going to be blurry and sensitive for some time, you should have someone around during and after the exam. It’s advisable to have someone drive you to and from the exam. However, there are people who feel comfortable driving with their pupils dilated.

Protect Your Eyes

Don’t forget to bring a pair of sunglasses since the sunlight could hurt your eyes after the exam. You can put them on as soon as you finish with the exam. Don’t hesitate to keep them on, even indoors, until you feel more comfortable.

Take Some Rest

You need to give your eyes at least a few hours to revert back to normal. If possible, take a day off from work and avoid straining your eyes. This means you shouldn’t read or use computers, tablet devices, or your smartphone. Watching television might be OK, but if your eyes start feeling strange, it’s better to play some music instead.

Keeping Your Eyes Healthy

You should have a comprehensive eye exam, dilation included, every few years. In the meantime, make sure your eyes stay as healthy as possible by making a few small lifestyle changes.

Proper Nutrition

Foods rich in zinc, lutein, omega 3 fatty acids, and vitamins E and C help with your eyesight and prevent conditions like a cataract.

Your diet should include ample amounts of leafy greens, fish, beans, and nuts. Fresh citrus fruits are a rich source of vitamins. And don’t forget to add in some carrots since they are full of vitamin A and beta-carotene.

These foods also allow you to maintain a healthy weight, which minimizes the chances of type 2 diabetes, one of the main causes of adult blindness.

Sunglasses

Sunglasses are great protection for your eyes, even when your pupils are not dilated. They guard you from the damaging UV rays which might cause macular degeneration and cataract.

It is best to pick up a pair that offers 99% or 100% UVB and UVA protection. Models with wraparound lenses provide side protection and polarized lenses minimize glare, which is quite helpful when you’re driving.

Stop Smoking

Smoking is one of the major reasons people develop eye conditions prematurely. This habit is likely to cause some serious damage to your optic nerve, so you need to kick it and don’t look back.

A Good Look Ahead

There is no universal answer to the question of how long do eyes stay dilated. In most cases, though, your pupils will stay open for a few hours after the exam. If they are dilated due to excitement, things go back to normal in just a few minutes.

Either way, you shouldn’t forget to keep your eyes healthy and regularly visit the ophthalmologist. A comprehensive dilation exam allows the doctor to diagnose problems early on. As a result, you’ll be able to receive proper treatment early on and prevent further damage.

 

References:

https://www.aao.org/eye-health/drugs/what-to-expect-eyes-are-dilated
https://www.brightfocus.org/glaucoma/article/dilated-eye-exam-why-its-so-important
https://www.chop.edu/treatments/eye-dilation

Natural Oils That Can Help You Cope With Fibromyalgia

Written By: Kendra
admin

It’s frustrating to find effective ways to treat the many symptoms of fibromyalgia, especially those chronic symptoms that fibromyalgia sufferers are always looking for relief from.

If you’re sick of trying out different medications for chronic pain and fatigue, maybe essential oils can work for you.

Beginnings of Essential Oils

While it’s true that essential oils seem like a fad that picked up over the past couple of years, their use actually goes back to 2500-3000 B.C. Evidence of them can be found in ancient Egypt, China, and India.

How to Use Essential Oils

If you’ve never used essential oils before, it can be confusing about where to start or how to use them. It’s actually pretty easy to add oils to your life. Here are some ways to use them.

Diffuser

One of the easiest ways to add essential oils to your routine is to use a diffuser. Place some water in the diffuser and then add a few drops of whatever oil you want.

Topical Application 

Many oils are most effective when applied to the skin, especially for the areas that are in pain. Just be careful. Some oils need to be mixed with a carrier oil before they can be placed directly on the skin. Almond and coconut are the most common carrier oils. 

Baths

Hot baths are already helpful for relieving pain and stress. You can amplify that effect by adding drops of essential oils to your bath water.

 

Oils for Fibromyalgia

Below are a few essential oils that can be used to help treat two of fibromyalgia’s main symptoms: chronic pain and chronic fatigue.

Also, remember to always check with your doctor before trying new treatment options.

 

Oils to Ease Pain

Peppermint

We’re not strangers to peppermint. It’s often used as a flavoring in gum and candy. There’s even peppermint tea and toothpaste. As an oil, peppermint helps muscle and joint pain as well as headaches.

Peppermint has analgesic and muscle relaxant properties. It soothes and cools when applied to the hurting area of the body—you will need a carrier oil for topical use—and is also effective in the bath.

It aids headache relief by improving blood circulation.

Plus, an added bonus, peppermint is invigorating and can help keep you alert.

CBD (Marijuana)

CBD oil is all over the news lately. According to many, it has helped a lot with their fibromyalgia pain when applied topically. 

Cannabidiol oil is a different chemical than the source of marijuana that gives people a “high”, which is known as THC. Currently, it isn’t legal in all 50 states.

It’s believed that CBD oil works to help relieve pain by affecting receptors in your brain. This helps with inflammatory and chronic pain.

There are still many outspoken critics of this oil right now, but research looks promising.

Ginger

Ginger has shown useful as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic. It also improves circulation like peppermint.

Zingibain can be found in ginger and is responsible for that anti-inflammation ability.

Pain like headaches, cramps, muscle, and joint pain is decreased from ginger use.

Bonus: Ginger has many other health properties as well like being an antioxidant, an antiseptic, and a nausea aid.

 

Oils to Help Relaxation or Sleep

Lavender

Lavender is famous for its ability to help people relax. Studies have shown its ability to act as a sedative and protect the nervous system.

Lavender is also one of the essential oils that doesn’t necessitate a carrier oil in order to apply to the skin.

Studies also indicate lavender may help with pain!

Chamomile

Chamomile is often made as tea to aid sleep, but it can also be used in oil form.

Studies note the reduction of stress-caused plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels when people inhale chamomile. This helps create a relaxed feeling, making it easier to sleep.

Diluted chamomile also works well topically and in the bath.

Citruses

Citrus family oils have either a relaxing or invigorating effect, depending on the individual.

Lemon balm and bergamot can help with anxiety. Lemon balm is most effective in a capsule instead of oil, but some report inhaling it helps them. Bergamot was used in a study, and the results showed a decrease in the participants’ stress.

A Possible Aid

This is by no means an exhaustive list of essential oils that can help with pain, fatigue, or other fibromyalgia symptoms, but these oils are a good place to start if you’re interested.

Fibromyalgia is a complicated health condition because of all its symptoms and the uncertainty of what causes it. That’s partly why it can be difficult to find ways to alleviate symptoms, but research and individual testimonies show that essential oils can help sufferers cope with the illness. So, maybe one or some of these oils could be what you’re looking for.

 

 

 

 Sources

https://essentialoilsacademy.com/history/
https://www.painpathways.org/essential-oils/
https://www.painpathways.org/aromatherapy-for-chronic-pain/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612440/
http://info.achs.edu/blog/depression-and-anxiety-can-essential-oils-help

Health

How to Use Crutches Properly and Avoid Straining Your Body

Written By: Arch
Arch

Injure your knee or break a leg and you are likely to return home with crutches. If it’s your first time, chances are you’ll struggle to use them. This could put a limit on your mobility or even impede the recovery.

As a rule, you need decent flexibility and strength in the upper body to move using crutches. Your injured leg also has to be isolated. Otherwise, you might fall and get hurt even more.

This is why it’s crucial to understand how to use crutches properly. This article provides you with a few tips and tricks to help you adjust to using crutches.

Adjusting Crutches

Features like size, padding, and grips are important when you first get the crutches. Each element needs to perfectly fit your body. Otherwise, you’ll struggle to move, so the first thing to do is adjust the crutches.

Height

When you are standing, the crutches should be an inch or two below your armpit, but no more than that. The ones you get might need some adjustments to reach the required height.

You should stand straight and see if you need to increase or decrease the height. There is either a butterfly nut or a special pin to remove and make the adjustment.

Handles

With the height in place, you can move on to adjusting the handles. They need to be positioned to match your hip with a slight bend in the elbows when you hold the handles.

Grips and Padding

Ample cushioning is required on the grips and the armpit rest. You also need to ensure that the base, which comes in contact with the floor, hasn’t been worn out too much.

Replace the parts that seem to be worn out or lack sufficient cushioning. If you don’t do it, you will likely experience pain from using crutches.

Using Crutches

Once you are done with all the adjustments, it’s time to practice using the crutches. The goal is to find the easiest and most comfortable way to get up from a chair, walk, and go up and down the stairs, which are the skills you’ll need during the recovery process.

Here are some tips to help you master the routine.

Getting Up

First, hold both crutches in the hand on your injured side. For example, if your left leg is broken, hold the crutches with your left hand. It’s important to hold them by the handle, not the armpit rest or any other part.

When getting up from a chair, grab the hand rest with the opposite hand so that you can put your weight on the uninjured leg. At this point, you can push yourself into the standing position.

Walking

Don’t forget to take things slowly while walking with crutches.

Move the crutches simultaneously no more than 18 inches in front of you while taking short steps. Your body should swing forward as if you are trying to step on the leg that’s injured. However, the weight goes to the crutches instead of the injured leg. Move the good leg in front to support your weight as you take each step.

The top of the crutches mustn’t touch your armpits since it can cause irritation in the area. Worse yet, leaning on the top of the crutches too much could cause nerve damage in the armpit area and result in even more pain.

Remember, you are supporting the weight with your hands, not the armpits.

Stairs

Stairs are the biggest challenge most people face when they start using crutches. Initially, they might seem like an insurmountable obstacle. Thankfully, there are a few things you can do to ascend and descend the stairs safely.

Going Up

You have two options when going up the stairs. The first one is to use the handrail as you climb. Hold the handrail with one hand and place both crutches in the other hand. Support your weigh on the crutches and the handrail, and lead with your uninjured leg.

Climbing stairs where there’s no handrail is a bit trickier. You should stand as close to the first step as possible with the crutches on the ground, not the step. Place your weight on the crutches and move the uninjured foot onto the step. Move the crutches up once your foot is firm on the step.

Going Down

Descending the stairs is a bit different and depends on whether or not you can bear a little weight on the leg you’ve injured.

Those who are not allowed to bear any weight need to hop down using the good leg. Put the crutches on the lower step and make sure your weight is supported. Place the injured leg in front and gently hop using the good leg.

You can also use the handrail in a similar way to how you use it when ascending. It is always best to have someone to help you until you feel strong enough to do it on your own.

If your injured leg can support some weight, you should step down with it. When the leg touches the lower step, quickly move the good leg and shift the weight.

Maintaining proper balance is also important when you go up or down the stairs. You should avoid leaning forward or backward too much to prevent toppling.

And again, it is crucial to take things slowly and have some rest before you take the next step.

Extra Tips

You might be compelled to look at your feet, but you shouldn’t. No matter where you walk, you always need to look ahead.

Make sure the top section of the crutches is placed tightly against the sides of your torso. This way you allow your hands to absorb the weight better.

The environment needs to be crutch-proof as well. There shouldn’t be any rugs, cords, or other items you might tip over. At the same time, all the items you need have to be at hand.

Get a backpack or a messenger bag when you get out of the house. They allow you easy access without having to put down the crutches.

Ask a friend or a family member to help you get everything in order. You’ll still feel weak from the injury in the first days, so it’s best to have someone around.

The Last Step

The full recovery from a leg injury often takes a few weeks. During that time, the crutches are likely to become your best friend.

You should thus take these tips on how to use crutches properly and practice as much as you can. Expect it to be difficult in the beginning, especially with stairs. But if you move slowly and have some help, there is very little risk of falling.

 

References:

https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/recovery/how-to-use-crutches-canes-and-walkers
https://www.ortho.wustl.edu/content/Education/3628/Patient-Education/Educational-Materials/How-to-Fit-and-Use-Crutches.aspx
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000344.htm

Health

How to Tell If Chest Pain Is Muscular and What to Do About It

Written By: Arch
Arch

Not all chest pains are necessarily symptoms of a heart attack. While painful, some may have simpler – and less serious – explanations.

Muscular pain in the chest can mimic serious conditions like a heart attack or lung problems. Even a broken rib can cause chest pain.

However, chest pain from a pulled muscle doesn’t necessarily warrant a trip to the emergency room. Learn how to tell if chest pain is muscular and when to call your doctor. The good news is that you may be able to take care of it on your own.

Pulled Chest Muscle: What You Should Know

If you have a sudden sharp pain in your chest, it may be from a strained or pulled muscle. These intercostal muscle strains account for 49% of reported chest pain cases. There are three layers of these muscles in your chest that help you breathe and stabilize the upper body.

Muscle strains can generally be organized into the following two categories:

Acute Strains

These strains happen immediately after direct trauma. For example, a chest wall strain from a fall or a car accident may be categorized as an acute strain.

Chronic Strains

Chronic strains, on the other hand, come from longer-term repetitive activities. So if your job requires repetitive tasks that utilize chest muscles, the resulting strain would be a chronic one. In addition, people who play sports like golf are also subject to chronic strains.

Strain Severity

If you see a doctor about your muscle strain, they may grade it based on severity:

  • Grade 1 – mild damage affecting less than 5% of the muscle fiber
  • Grade 2 – a little more damage accompanied by a loss of strength and mobility, but the affected muscle isn’t fully ruptured
  • Grade 3 – denotes a complete muscle rupture and sometimes requires surgery

In some cases, a doctor may order additional tests to rule out other issues like heart attack or bone fractures.

Symptoms

Do you know how to tell if chest pain is muscular? You may experience some of these symptoms:

  • dull pain (for a chronic strain)
  • sharp pain (for an acute pull)
  • muscle spasms
  • swelling
  • pain when breathing
  • difficulty when moving the strained area
  • bruising

If you want to know how to tell if chest pain is muscular, or simply rule out a heart attack, the following three tips should also help:

1. Pinpoint Chest Pain Area

The pain connected with a heart attack is generally diffused in the chest and dull. However, if your pain is sharp and coming from a specific location, it probably isn’t heart-related.

2. Wandering Chest Pains

If your chest pains show up in different areas on different days, it’s probably not a heart attack. Heart pain may travel into the jaw, arms, or between shoulder blades, but it won’t show up in different areas every day.

3. Take a Breath

Lastly, chest pain that gets worse when breathing may be due to a cracked rib or pericarditis, the swelling of the membrane around the heart.

Causes

Usually, a strained or pulled muscle can happen if you overuse the muscle. It’s the same for chest wall pain. Lifting a heavy object or sustaining a sports injury could both cause muscular chest pain.

Additionally, these activities may also trigger a muscle strain in your chest:

  • muscle fatigue
  • falling
  • reaching your arms above your head for long periods of time
  • skipping warm-ups before physical activities
  • twisting your body while lifting
  • contact injuries from car accidents and sports

You can also pull a muscle during normal activities like coughing. So if you’ve recently had bronchitis, it may cause muscles in your chest wall to strain.

Furthermore, anyone can get a chest muscle strain. Children are the least likely to experience them while older individuals are the most likely. Adults are more likely to receive this type of strain from a car accident or athletic activity than from bronchitis or some other problem.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If your pain happens suddenly, you should seek immediate medical attention, especially if it occurs while you’re engaged in strenuous activity or exercise. Furthermore, you should also go to the emergency room if your chest pain comes with any of the following symptoms:

  • sweating
  • fainting
  • racing pulse
  • dizziness
  • irritability
  • fever
  • difficulty breathing
  • sleepiness

In combination with chest pain, these symptoms may indicate that you’re dealing with a more serious issue like a heart attack.

Treatment Options

If you have a mild (Grade 1) muscle sprain, your first-line treatment options should be the so-called RICE method. This easy-to-remember acronym includes the following:

Rest

As soon as you notice pain, take a break from physical activity. You can start again approximately 48 hours after the injury, but stop if it starts to hurt again.

Ice

Apply a cold pack or ice directly to the affected area. Keep it on the sprained muscle for up to 20 minutes at a time and repeat up to 3 times per day.

Compression

If it’s feasible, you may want to consider wrapping an elastic bandage around the area. Be careful that the band is not wrapped too tightly. You want to compress it, but not cut off circulation.

Elevation

Keep the chest area elevated by sitting in a recliner or propping up pillows. This is especially important at night.

Mild pulls and strains can take a few weeks for symptoms to subside. You can also take over-the-counter pain relievers to alleviate discomfort and inflammation.

Alternatively, if your pain is a result of chronic strain, you may want to speak with your doctor about physical therapy and corrective exercises.

If the chest pain doesn’t go away with home treatment, however, you may want to make an appointment to see your doctor. They can rule out other potential causes for your chest pain.

Final Thought

If you want to know how to tell if chest pain is muscular, simply take a look at your physical activities. Pulled or strained chest muscles typically occur shortly after strenuous exercise or sports.

However, if your chest pain is accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness or fainting, it may not be muscular. And in those instances, it may be best to seek emergency attention.

 

References:

https://www.healthline.com/health/pulled-chest-muscle
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095454313000882?via%3Dihub
https://healthtalk.unchealthcare.org/is-your-chest-pain-a-sign-of-a-heart-attack-or-something-else

How to Know What Size Condom to Get to Ensure a Snug Fit

Written By: Arch
Arch

Men have a love-hate relationship with condoms.

This latex slip-on is a great guard against STDs, bacteria, and fungi, not to mention that it’s quite effective in preventing unwanted pregnancy. Still, a lot of men cringe at the very notion of putting on a condom.

In theory, you shouldn’t feel it’s there at all, but the reality is quite different. A condom might squeeze the base of your penis, cutting off the blood flow and leaving you with a numbing sensation. Even worse, it could slip off in the middle of intercourse.

This leaves many men wondering how to know what size condom to get?

We’ve done the hard work for you and created a comprehensive guide to help you gauge the right size.

Measure Your Member

The length and width of your penis determine the size of a condom. Of course, you need to take the measurements while the penis is erect.

Length

To get the right length, hold a tape measure or a ruler against your pubic bone and measure all the way up to the tip.

Girth (width)

To determine the girth, you need a soft measuring tape or string. Wrap the string or the tape measure around the thickest section of your penis and read the number.

At this point, you can proceed to choose the correct condom size. Manufacturers usually provide charts with size details, and you should get the condom that’s as close to your penis size as possible.

Available Sizes

Different manufacturers use different specifications to categorize their condoms. This means that a condom with the same measurements might be marketed as standard by one manufacturer and large by another one.

Nevertheless, you can still use your measurements to find the right size. Again, length and width play an important role.

Length

A condom needs to be long enough to cover your entire penis, yet leave enough room for you to ejaculate. Here are the general guidelines to find the right length:

  • Standard size condoms are between 7.25 and 7.8 inches long on average.
  • Snug condoms start at 7 inches and usually go to 7.8.
  • Large condoms may start at 7.25 inches long and go all the way to 8.1 inches.

Width

The width might be even more important than the length. The girth of your penis affects the way a condom fits and whether it stays on. The following measurements should give you a better idea about the right width for you.

  • Standard size has a width between 1.75 and 2 inches.
  • Snug condoms are under 1.75 inches.
  • Large sizes go over 2 inches.

How About the Material?

Besides a variety of sizes, condoms are also made from different materials. These include polyurethane, polyisoprene, latex, and lambskin.

Latex is the most common option, but there are also non-latex alternatives for those who are allergic to the material. Each material has its fair share of pros and cons, so you should take a closer look to determine which one is the best fit for you.

Latex

This material is thin and flexible, plus it provides a good barrier against viruses, bacteria, and sperm. On the other hand, you won’t get any heat transfer with latex which might limit your pleasurable sensation.

It is not advisable to use any oil-based lubricants or other oils with latex condoms because they might affect the integrity of latex and cause tears. Silicone or water-based lubricants are OK since they don’t cause any damage.

Polyisoprene

Polyisoprene is great for those with latex allergies because it doesn’t contain any proteins. In general, these condoms are a bit thicker, but they provide a more natural sensation and extra softness.

Polyurethane

As one of the most versatile plastic materials, polyurethane found its way into condom manufacturing.

Polyurethane condoms are often thinner compared to latex and the heat transfer is better. They provide effective protection against sexually transmitted infections and HIV. However, these condoms are not as flexible as latex, so you can expect them to be a bit more fragile.

Lambskin

Lambskin condoms are made from a part of lamb’s intestine called cecum. The two things that go in favor of these condoms are good heat transfer and durability. In addition, the cecum is very thin, allowing you to have a pleasurable sensation and a natural feel.

However, lambskin might not protect you from HIV and sexually transmitted infections.

Using a Condom

At this point, you should have a clear understanding of the size that fits you. You’ve also probably picked out a favorite material. However, the right fit and material can do you little good unless you know exactly how to put the condom on or take it off.

Use your fingers, not the teeth, to carefully tear the wrapper. You can wiggle the condom to the other side to avoid damage. The rim needs to face outside so you can roll it down your penis.

Pinch the tip of the condom to remove the excess air and place it on top of your glans (the penis head). Roll it all the way down to the base of your penis and make sure no air gets trapped inside.

You take the condom off by holding onto the base and gently pulling out. This way it won’t fall off. After you remove it, make a knot above the rim and put the condom in the trash.

Precaution

Before you put the condom on, there are a few things you need to check to ensure everything is OK.

The first thing to look for is the expiration date. If it’s past the date, the condom could be more prone to breaking.

The wrapper has to be intact and the same goes for the condom itself. If anything looks suspicious or damaged, you should discard the condom and use another one.

Don’t stretch the rim of the condom when you place it over your glans. This will trap air inside and might cause damage.

To Wrap Up

How to know what size condom to get? Well, it’s not as difficult as it might seem. Spend a few minutes taking measurements and you’ll understand what size to look for.

Admittedly, finding the brand that not only fits but also feels great might be a bit trickier. As the old saying goes, practice makes perfect. With some trial and error, you are bound to find just the right one.

You can also try out different materials to see which one gives you the best feel. Plus, it doesn’t hurt to consult with your partner, since it’s as much about their pleasure as it is about yours.

 

References:

https://www.condom-sizes.org
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/ask-experts/how-do-i-know-what-size-condom-i-need
http://www.ashasexualhealth.org/sexual-health/all-about-condoms/condom-size

Featured

How Long Does Hair Dye Last? 4 Things That Impact the Longevity of Your Color

Written By: Arch
Arch

With so many options on the market, changing your hair color is relatively simple nowadays. But all good things must end, and hair dye eventually fades away.

How long does hair dye last? There’s no easy answer to that. It depends on a number of factors, including the quality of the dye and your current color. On top of that, your daily habits may also cause your dye to fade prematurely.

Different hair dye formulas last longer than others. So if you’re curious to know how long your new look will last, keep reading. Here you will find out what impacts the longevity of hair dye and learn how to prevent your new color – and money – from going down the drain.

Factors That Contribute to Hair Dye Fading

How long does hair dye last? Unfortunately, dye results are different for everyone. There are different factors that may contribute to how long your color lasts.

Generally, hair dye can last 1-2 weeks for temporary color and 4-10 weeks for permanent dye. However, the following factors can impact that estimation:

1. Hair Color Type

What type of dye did you use? The hair dye type is listed on the box, or you can ask your stylist if you went to a salon. Hair color usually falls into one of these four categories:

Permanent

As you may expect, permanent hair dye lasts the longest. For most people, it lasts until your hair grows out or you re-color your hair. Although some people experience fading that leaves the hair a different, often washed out, shade from what they started with.

These hair dyes are so long-lasting because you use full strength developer to fully penetrate the hair cuticle cortex. Doing this also changes the natural melanin of the hair permanently.

Semi-Permanent

These hair dyes generally don’t need a developer or activating agent. Instead of penetrating the cuticle, the dye coats it with large color pigments. This gives your hair the illusion of color, but it only lasts 8 to 15 shampoos, though some can last up to 28 shampoos.

Demi-Permanent

Demi-permanent hair dye lasts slightly longer than semi-permanent without the extra damage that permanent dye can cause. This is because it only partially penetrates the hair cuticle using a low-level developer. These hair dyes are typically a mixture of big pigment colors and smaller intermediate ones.

Temporary

Vibrant fashion colors like blue, green, and pink are generally temporary dyes. They can last anywhere from a day to a week. Some dyes are designed to wash out after one shampoo, while others have more staying power.

These hair colors coat the hair cuticle instead of penetrating it, so they’re easy to wash out.

2. Color of Dye

What does your color have to do with it? As it happens, the dye color really does factor into how long it will last.

Dye colors are made up of different pigments. The more pigments a color has, the longer it lasts.

For example, a purple dye may have 8,000 pigments. However, a red dye may only have 3,000 pigments, and blue dye has even fewer at 1,000 pigments.

In general, darker colors last longer than lighter ones, especially if you need to “lift” or open up the hair cuticle to take the lighter hair color. You can lift your hair by bleaching or using a hi-lift color.

However, if you do need to open up your hair cuticle, it’s less likely that your new color will lock into the cuticle, which contributes to how quickly you lose the dye.

3. The Shape of Hair Pre-Dye

Next, your hair’s natural condition prior to coloring contributes to how long your color lasts. You may already know this, but the more damaged your hair is, the faster you’ll lose the color. This goes back to your hair cuticle health.

Even if you don’t lift your hair color, if your cuticles are abused with constant styling or past coloring, they become porous. This can cause your hair color to “leak” out easily.

4. Hair Color Care

Additionally, how you treat your newly colored hair contributes to the longevity of the dye.

Washing

Washing your hair using specially designed shampoo and conditioner for colored hair can help it last longer. Look for shampoos that restore pH balance and repair the hair cuticle. At the same time, stay away from harsh shampoos that can strip your color like those designed for oily scalp or dandruff treatment.

Furthermore, don’t wash your hair in hot water. Shampooing your hair causes your hair to swell, which can cause color leakage. However, more pigment escapes with hot water.

Sun

Do the elements contribute to fading? Absolutely. As such, you must make sure to grab a hat when you step out into the sun. Atoms, molecules, and free radicals can pull electrons from pigment molecules and contribute to fading.

Heat Styling

If you can’t live without your hot iron, consider buying a good thermal protection cream for your hair. Heat styling including straightening, curling, and blow drying can further damage the hair cuticle. This, in turn, may make it easier for the color pigment to escape when you wash your hair.

Home Color vs. Salon: Which Lasts Longer?

Are you torn about where to go to color your hair? Coloring your hair at home may be easier and cheaper, but heading down to the salon may have more reliable results.

Home coloring has come a long way, but it still doesn’t have the professional staying power that salons have access to. Does that mean that salon-colored hair always last longer? Not necessarily.

Whether you use box color or go see a colorist, it still depends on the factors we have previously discussed. However, professional colorists can assess your hair condition as well as its type and color it in a way that’s best for you. Sometimes that means adding additional conditioners and treatments to further lock in color.

What to Expect from Hair Dye

How long does hair dye last? The answer to this question depends on a variety of factors. Hair dye type is certainly one of the key factors when estimating color longevity.

However, all hair color may be subject to premature fading without proper care. So make sure to buy the right products, be careful about heat, and grab a hat when going out. Don’t let your vibrant color fade because of bad habits.

 

References:

http://www.beautyundercover.sg/Reasons-Hair-Colours-Last-Longer
https://www.bustle.com/articles/137016-what-hair-dye-actually-does-to-your-hair-according-to-science
https://www.wella.com/retail/en-AR/article/text/tips-before-coloring
https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/colored-hair-protection#1

Health

How to Swallow a Large Pill and Other Tips for Taking Pills

Written By: Arch
Arch

Do you dread taking pills? The thought of getting a new prescription from your doctor may fill you with anxiety. You aren’t alone in this, though, as one in three people have problems swallowing pills.

Maybe you’re fine with regular-sized pills, but larger ones may be the problem. If you find large pills hard to swallow, there are tricks to make it a lot easier.

So if you’re wondering how to swallow a large pill, keep reading. Don’t run the risk of getting sicker because you can’t get your pills down. Instead, try one of the tips you’ll find in this article.

Pill-Taking: An Underappreciated Skill

Taking pills is a skill that goes unnoticed unless you’re one of the unlucky people that can’t do it. Then it can be a nightmare to take simple things like prescription medications, vitamins, and supplements.

Gagging, choking, and vomiting when taking pills may cause people to forgo their medications, which could only make them sicker. Some possible causes for pill-swallowing difficulties include:

  • Dry mouth – chronic dry mouth due to lifestyle factors or a medical condition
  • Dysphagia – general difficulty swallowing caused by another health condition
  • Choking fears – anxiety may cause unintentional narrowing and tightening of the throat

Some people have difficulty with pills because of a hypersensitive gag reflex, while others have a mental block from a previous bad experience with swallowing pills. For anyone who has difficulty swallowing pills in general, swallowing large pills may seem impossible. However, there are things you can do to make it a little easier.

Ask Your Pharmacist

First, whether you have problems taking all pills or simply find large ones intimidating, have a conversation with your pharmacist. The pharmacist may not be able to change your prescription, but they can present you with options. Ask them about the following:

Different Medicine Versions

Did you know that medicines, vitamins, and supplements are sometimes made in different forms? You may not receive options for all of your pills, but your pharmacist would know if there are other pill versions available.

For example, a liquid version of the pill would solve the giant pill problem. Similarly, an effervescent tablet is much easier to take as it dissolves in water in a matter of minutes.

Dividing or Crushing Medications

You may have heard that using a pill cutter can help. After all, two normal-sized halves of a large pill are certainly easier to swallow than the whole pill at once. What’s more, crushing a tablet into powder to dissolve in liquid would cut the pill question out of the equation.

The problem with that? It may cut the efficacy of the pill. Some pills are time-released and should be taken intact. So make sure you speak with the pharmacist first before doing it.

How to Swallow a Large Pill: Tips to Make the Medicine Go Down Easier

You may not be able to get out of taking those large pills, but if you’re wondering how to swallow a large pill in a smooth and easy way, the following tips should help.

1. Wet Your Mouth

One thing that can make swallowing pills difficult is a dry mouth. Alleviate it before you try. Drink a little water first and then try swallowing the pill.

2. Lean Forward (for Capsules)

One study found that participants using this technique showed an 89% improvement over the old method of sipping water and trying to swallow a pill. To try this, follow these steps:

  • Step 1 – Place the capsule on your tongue
  • Step 2 – Sip a little water, but don’t swallow it
  • Step 3 – Lean forward and tilt your chin towards your chest
  • Step 4 – Swallow both water and capsule while your head is bent forward

Keep in mind, though, that this only works for capsules. If you need a method for tablets, check out the next tip.

3. Try the Pop Bottle Method (for Tablets)

If tablets are your nemesis, you may want to try this technique. According to a study from the University of Heidelberg in Germany, this method is 60% more successful than the standard way of washing a pill down with water.

To do this, you will need a plastic bottle. Once you’ve found it, follow the steps below:

  • Step 1 – Fill your plastic bottle with water
  • Step 2 – Place the tablet on your tongue and don’t swallow it. Seal your lips tightly around the bottle opening.
  • Step 3 –Swallow the water and pill, but don’t let air enter the bottle.

4. Desensitize Yourself

If your gag reflex is the problem, you can try desensitizing yourself and get your soft palate used to foreign objects. Start with brushing your tongue until you feel your reflex activate. Keep doing it so that your sensitivity dulls.

This may not help if you have to take a pill immediately. However, it may help prepare you for the next time.

5. Numb Yourself

If you don’t have time to desensitize your gag reflex, try numbing it instead. Use a numbing spray on the back of your throat or try a throat lozenge to numb your reflex. This may make it easier to swallow large pills.

6. Hide the Pill

Additionally, you can also try hiding the pill. The peanut butter on the spoon trick may not work with you. However, using the thick textures of soft solids like yogurt, pudding, or applesauce can make it easier to swallow.

7. Practice Makes Perfect

Sometimes all it takes is practice, especially if your swallowing problems stem from anxiety. Try practicing on very small edibles like gummy bears. Make sure that the size is comparable to your large pills, though, so you don’t choke.

It’s Time for Your Medication

To work out how to swallow a large pill, you need to assess where the problem stems from. If it’s a health condition that makes it difficult for you to swallow anything and not just large pills, your doctor may help. However, if it’s simply hypersensitivity or anxiety, trying these tips may help.

Finally, remember to speak with your pharmacist before altering your pills in any way. Crushing, splitting, or cutting pills may diminish their effectiveness, so it is important to get the “okay” first. In addition, some of the medication you’re taking may be available in the form of effervescent tablets, so make sure to ask your pharmacist about that, too.

 

References:

https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/two-tricks-make-easier-swallow-pills-201411137515
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/problems-swallowing-pills
http://www.annfammed.org/content/12/6/550.full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4226776
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065591

How Long Does a Vasectomy Take?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Often striking fear into the hearts (and genitals) of men, a vasectomy is considered safer and more effective than other long-term contraception options. This procedure is a permanent contraception measure which allows couples to engage in sexual activities without the risk of pregnancy.

While it may be possible to reverse the procedure, patients should consider a vasectomy permanent. Reversing the procedure is expensive and often unsuccessful. Before undertaking a vasectomy, you must be sure that you do not wish to father any children in the future.

Like many things of a personal nature, myths and unknowns surround vasectomies. Will the procedure hurt? How long does a vasectomy take? And is it true that it affects your sex drive? This article will help answer all the questions you’ve been too afraid to ask.

What Is a Vasectomy?

A permanent form of male birth control, vasectomy cuts off the supply of sperm to semen. With no sperm to fertilize a woman’s egg, having a vasectomy is one of the safest ways to avoid pregnancy.

Considered a low-risk procedure, a vasectomy can often be performed as an outpatient surgery under a local anesthetic. While some general practice and family medicine doctors perform vasectomies, the majority are carried out by urologists who specialize in the male reproductive system.

How Does It Work?

The first thing a doctor will do is consult with the patient about the risks and permanency of a vasectomy. To perform the procedure, they will normally complete the following:

  • Inject a local anesthetic into the skin of the scrotum to numb the area
  • Make a small incision or puncture in the scrotum
  • Locate the vas deferens, the tube that carries semen from the testicles
  • Pull the vas deferens through the incision and cut it, before tying, cauterizing, or clipping it and returning it to the scrotum
  • Seal the incision or puncture with stitches or glue, or allow it to close naturally.

How Long Does a Vasectomy Take?

According to the Mayo Clinic, a typical vasectomy will take between 10 and 30 minutes to complete. As it’s often performed under a local and not general anesthetic, the post-operative recovery time is reduced, minimizing complications and side-effects.

Are There Risks?

Like any medical procedure, complications can occur as a result of a vasectomy. Inflammation, bleeding, and infection are possible. Other minor risks include:

  • Sperm granuloma: A pea-sized lump can form near the incision of the vas deferens, caused by leaking sperm. Rarely dangerous, it is normally reabsorbed by the body over time.
  • Congestion: Mild pressure may be felt in the scrotum post surgery, but it usually subsides two to 12 weeks after the procedure.

No contraception guarantees effectiveness, so there is still a risk of pregnancy after a vasectomy. However, only one in every 2000-3000 cases results in pregnancy, making vasectomy one of the most effective forms of birth control.

What About Recovery?

Swelling, pain, and bruising are common after a vasectomy. However, they will generally subside within a few days. Everyday activities can normally be resumed the day after surgery, while full recovery typically takes eight or nine days.

To help ease the pain while recovering from a vasectomy, follow the below tips:

  • Wear tight underwear: To avoid accidental injury, it is best to wear underwear that supports your genitals while healing.
  • Take pain medication: An over-the-counter painkiller such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) is safe for most people and will ease discomfort after surgery. Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin as these can prevent the blood from clotting and delay healing.
  • Use an ice pack: Swelling is common after a vasectomy. Use an ice pack for the first two days of recovery to reduce pain and inflammation.
  • Limit activity: While recovery is typically swift for vasectomy patients, it is best to avoid strenuous activities like heavy lifting and sports for at least a week.
  • Avoid sexual activity for a week: Some pain and blood in the semen may be experienced when ejaculating shortly after a vasectomy. Avoid sexual intercourse for a week to allow for recovery.

Results

While sexual activity can be resumed shortly after the surgery, the Cleveland Clinic advises precautions should be taken against pregnancy for up to three months. After a vasectomy, you will still ejaculate semen, but the reproductive sperm will eventually be blocked after about 15 to 20 ejaculations.

To reduce the risk of pregnancy, your doctor will perform a sperm count and advise when the semen is sperm-free. This is typically done six to ten weeks after the procedure and may be repeated if the count is high.

While a vasectomy is an effective way of preventing pregnancy, it will not protect you against sexually transmitted infections such as HPV or chlamydia. If you participate in high-risk sexual activities or have multiple sex partners, you should continue to use precautions like condoms to prevent infection.

Busting the Myths

Many men are ignorant of the precise nature of vasectomies, so it’s no surprise that there are many myths surrounding the procedure. To ease your mind, we’ll look into some of the most common misconceptions about vasectomies.

Lowered Sex Drive

Sexual and reproductive functions are two different things and shouldn’t be confused. Surgery on your genitals does not equal a lowered sex drive.

It’s Painful

Vasectomies are done under a local anesthetic which numbs the entire area. Mild discomfort may be felt for a day or two following the procedure but can be eased with ice and painkillers.

Vasectomy Blocks Sperm Production

Sperm continues to be produced after vasectomy, but as the route to the urethra has been severed, it has no way to fertilize a woman’s egg. Sperm cells typically survive for three to five days before being reabsorbed into the body.

It’s Easier to Tie a Woman’s Tubes

Vasectomies are cheaper, faster, and more effective than female sterilization methods such as tubal ligation and occlusion. Women are also more likely than men to experience complications as a result of the more invasive procedure and longer recovery time.

Is a Vasectomy Right for You?

Many couples look to permanent contraception to reduce the risk of unwanted pregnancies. Ultimately, the decision to have a vasectomy comes down to your lifestyle and personal choices.

So how long does a vasectomy take? While most men see the doctor in the morning and are back home in time for lunch, the procedure itself normally takes less than 30 minutes. With low rates of complications, full recovery typically occurs in less than ten days.

If you have any desire to have kids in the future, freezing your sperm before the procedure is an option. But before deciding if a vasectomy is right for you, speak with your partner and doctor about your personal circumstances.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/vasectomy/about/pac-20384580
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/4423-vasectomy-sterilization/recovery-and-outlook
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/home/health/articles/vasectomy/faqs
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/mens_health/vasectomy_85,P00731
https://prostate.net/articles/vasectomy-vs-tubal-ligation-for-women

How Long Does It Take for an STD to Show Up: Symptoms and Incubation Periods

Written By: Arch
Arch

Most people are aware that sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are extremely common. But did you know the CDC estimates that nearly 20 million new STD cases are identified each year, half of which are young people aged 15-24?

Although young adults make up a large portion of new infections, only 12% of this age group is screened for STDs. With almost half of all sexually active people contracting an STD by the age of 25, many people are putting their health at risk.

Apart from the negative stigma attached to STDs, many people fail to get tested as they show no symptoms of infection. As undiagnosed STDs can result in infertility or even cancer, it’s important to know what to look out for.

If you want to know how long does it take for an STD to show up, read on. We’ll take a look at the incubation periods of common STDs and offer tips on how to protect yourself.

What Is an STD?

An STD is a disease that is transmitted from one person to another through sexual contact. Oral, anal, and vaginal intercourse, as well as genital touching, can pass the infection on to your partner.

Regardless if you’re married or single, gay or straight, all sexually active people are vulnerable to STDs.

STD vs. STI: What’s the Difference?

The term STD has long been used to refer to any sexually transmitted disease or infection. But as not all infections become diseases, the term STI or sexually transmitted infection has come to replace STD in the medical community.

For example, most women who contract HPV (human papillomavirus) do not develop cervical cancer, the disease that is associated with the infection.

As STDs spread through the 1980s and 90s, the stigma associated with them brought shame to those testing positive. Because of this, many people now use STI interchangeably with STD.

Should I Get Tested?

If you’re sexually active, the short answer is yes. Symptoms of STDs are not always obvious and may be mistaken for other conditions. As these can be easily transmitted from person to person, it is important to screen for STDs to avoid spreading the infection.

While you may not need to be tested every year, below are some instances where you should book a screening:

  • You are sexually active: Even if you’ve only had one partner and have always used protection, if you’re sexually active, it’s important to screen for STDs at least once.
  • You have had or want to have unprotected sex: If you’re entering a long-term relationship and want to have unprotected sex, both parties should be screened for STDs beforehand.
  • You engage in high-risk sexual activities: Having multiple partners or sex with an IV drug user or sex worker puts you at a higher risk of infection.
  • You have been infected before: As it’s possible to become reinfected, it is recommended to get tested three months after treatment if you’re sexually active.
  • You are showing symptoms: If you have any symptoms of an STD, speak to your doctor or healthcare professional as soon as possible (and abstain from sex until you have it checked out).

Symptoms and Incubation Period for Common STDs

The symptoms of each infection present at different times. To help you know what to look out for, here are the most common STDs, as well as their symptoms and incubation periods.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Considered the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US, there are over 40 different types of HPV that can infect the genital tract. Highly contagious, HPV can be transmitted sexually or through skin-to-skin contact.

Symptoms

While the immune system often defeats an HPV infection before symptoms develop, it may result in warts on the genitals or other areas of the body. HPV has also been linked to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and throat.

Incubation Period

Although the typical incubation period from infection to wart development is two to three months, symptoms can present anywhere from two weeks to eight months after contact in some cases.

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

These infections are often grouped together as they can be tested for at the same time. Both caused by different bacteria, infection rates have been steadily increasing over the past decade. More than 1.7 million cases of chlamydia and over 500,000 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the CDC in 2017.

Symptoms

Both chlamydia and gonorrhea can present without symptoms. If they do appear, the symptoms of both STDs can include:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Pain when urinating
  • Abnormal discharge from the penis or vagina
  • Itching or swelling around the genitals
  • Persistent sore throat

Incubation Period

The average incubation period for chlamydia is one to five days, while for gonorrhea it ranges from two days to a full month.

Hepatitis

While there are five types of hepatitis, the most common are hepatitis A, B, and C. Highly contagious, hepatitis B is spread through infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluid, while hepatitis A spreads through anal-oral contact.

Symptoms

Dark urine, jaundice, and flu-like symptoms are common with all hepatitis varieties. Stomach pain, vomiting, and nausea may also be present with hepatitis A.

Incubation Period

Hepatitis symptoms typically appear two to five weeks after infection.

Syphilis

Caused by a bacterial infection, syphilis is far more common in men, who account for around 90% of all cases. Easily curable if detected early, untreated syphilis can lead to blindness, brain damage, or in severe cases even death.

Symptoms

Like other STIs, symptoms can be hard to recognize. Should they develop, they will normally present in two stages: primary and secondary. Primary symptoms include a chancre or syphilis sore that may appear on the genitals or anus. Rashes on the hands or feet and flu-like symptoms appear during the secondary stage.

Incubation Period

Primary symptoms normally develop three weeks to three months after infection.

STD Prevention

While STDs are common, there are many things you can do to protect yourself from infection.

  • Practice safe sex: While abstinence is the only surefire way to prevent STDs, practicing safe sex should protect sexually active people from infection.
  • Get vaccinated: Vaccines are available for some STDs including HPV and hepatitis B.
  • Mutual monogamy: If you’re in a long-term relationship, practicing mutual monogamy can help keep you both STD free.

Final Word

STD rates across the US have been increasing steadily for the past ten years. As infection can lead to serious conditions, it’s important to take preventative measures to protect yourself.

So how long does it take for an STD to show up? Each infection has its own incubation period, so symptoms can appear anywhere from one day to several months after contact.

If you think you have been exposed to an STD, speak to your doctor or healthcare provider about getting tested as soon as possible.

 

References:

http://www.ashasexualhealth.org/stdsstis/statistics
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/other.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3495069
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/natoverview.htm

Education

How to Become a Psychiatrist

Written By: Arch
Arch

Psychiatrists are medical doctors that specialize in mental illness. They diagnose and treat mental health issues such as addiction and mood disorders. Like psychologists, psychiatrists treat patients through the use of counseling and psychotherapy, but as medical doctors, they are also able to prescribe medication to treat conditions.

With many specializations, psychiatry is an interesting and varied field of study for any medical student. Combining science-based medicine with emotion-based therapy, psychiatry is an often complex and emotional yet rewarding career.

If you want to know how to become a psychiatrist, the below guide will surely help. We’ll look at the educational requirements and long-term career prospects to help you decide if it’s the career for you.

Difference Between a Psychiatrist and a Psychologist

While the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, psychiatrists and psychologists perform different roles. Although psychologists hold doctorate degrees, as they are not licensed physicians, they are not able to prescribe medication. To treat patients, they rely solely on counseling and psychotherapy.

Psychiatrists, on the other hand, treat patients using pharmacological means as well as psychoanalysis and other psychiatric methods. As medical doctors, they also determine if mental disorders are the result of physical ailments.

Main Responsibilities

The main role of a psychiatrist is to diagnose and treat mental disorders. Psychiatrists’ main responsibilities include:

  • Counseling and diagnosing patients
  • Prescribing medication to treat conditions
  • Collaborating with other medical professionals to discuss treatment plans
  • Collecting and reviewing patient information
  • Informing patients’ families of conditions and treatments
  • Conducting research and publishing findings

Skills

Although many of the skills needed to become a psychiatrist are gained through study and training, to be successful, it can help if you possess the following:

  • Patience and willingness to help others
  • Excellent communication skills
  • Compassion and empathy
  • High emotional stress tolerance
  • Exceptional memory and recall ability

Educational Track

Like all medical professions, the journey from high school to certified psychiatrist takes many years. The typical education requirements include:

  • Bachelor’s degree (four years)
  • Medical degree (four years)
  • Residency (four years)
  • Ongoing education for certification

Most psychiatrists will be eligible for board certification after 12 years of study. However, unlike some other medical professions, psychiatrists are required to be board-certified in order to practice. Certification must be renewed every ten years, so psychiatrists will need to continue studying throughout their career to meet board standards.

University or College

This first step to becoming a psychiatrist is to earn a bachelor’s degree. While pre-med programs offered at some universities help prepare students for medical school, many people interested in psychiatry will complete a bachelor of science in addition to studying social sciences like psychology and sociology.

The following courses are prerequisites for most medical schools:

  • Organic chemistry
  • Inorganic chemistry
  • Mathematics
  • Physics

While completing an undergraduate degree, aspiring psychiatrists can gain experience through an internship or volunteer program. This experience can help prepare students for the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT), which assesses their medical knowledge and is required for entry to medical school.

Medical School

Entry to medical school is far from guaranteed. As there’s so much competition, only the best students are accepted. To secure a place, you will need to have exceptional grades and a high MCAT score.

Psychiatrists go through the same medical training as most doctors. A four-year medical degree is divided into coursework and practical experience.

During the first year, medical students concentrate on science courses, absorbing knowledge in anatomy, biology, and pathology. Courses covering ethics, psychology, and pharmacology are also studied. More clinically focused, the second year prepares students for the Objective Structured Clinical Examination, which tests their clinical performance and skills.

The final two years of medical school take a more practical approach, moving students from the classroom to clinical rotations and exposing them to a range of medical specializations, including psychiatry.

Residency

Upon completing a Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) degree, graduates need to participate in a four-year residency at a clinic or hospital. Under the supervision of experienced physicians, residents get hands-on experience with patients.

Before specializing in psychiatry, first-year residents undertake general medicine rotations. The remaining three years provide residents with specific psychiatric training, including the areas of psychopharmacology, neurology, and other electives stipulated by the American Psychiatric Association.

Many students complete their residency in a hospital’s psychiatric ward, treating a range of conditions including depression, schizophrenia, PTSD, substance abuse, and psychosis.

License

With the residency complete, the next step in becoming a psychiatrist is to get a medical license. Regulations vary by state, but all require a passing grade for the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) or Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX).

To prescribe medication, psychiatrists will also need to obtain a federal license and register with the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA).

Board Certification

To become board-certified in psychiatry, the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) require that the candidates do the following:

  • Graduate from an accredited medical school
  • Complete all training in an accredited US or Canadian program
  • Hold an unrestricted medical license
  • Meet the Board’s training requirements
  • Pass the ABPN certification exam

Board certification must be renewed every ten years. Psychiatrists are required to maintain good standing in their field and participate in self-assessment and continuing education in order to renew their certification.

Career Prospects and Salary

As healthcare continues to expand, so too does the need for psychiatrists. Latest figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) show demand for psychiatrists is expected to grow by 11% over the next decade. As psychiatrists are able to work in a variety of settings, this continued growth is unlikely to slow down anytime soon.

The same BLS report shows a high average salary of $216,000. Local government physicians have the highest average salary at over $250,000, while on the other end of the scale, general medical and surgical hospital psychiatrists average $199,000.

Is Psychiatry the Right Choice for You?

Now that you know how to become a psychiatrist you should decide if it’s the right career for you. It can be an emotional and mentally tough profession, and with at least 12 years of study and training, it’s an expensive journey as well.

Helping people tackle their mental demons can make psychiatry an enriching and rewarding career. If this sounds like the career path you would like to take, get in touch with a medical school or college for entrance requirements.

 

References:


https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes291066.htm
https://www.abpn.com/become-certified/general-requirements

Health

Tips and Tricks on How to Heal a Canker Sore

Written By: Arch
Arch

Although mostly benign, canker sores can be quite irritating. They prevent you from talking comfortably and can make eating difficult.

Canker sores can be simple or complex. The simple ones mostly affect the young population between 10 and 20 years of age, and they might appear up to 4 times in 12 months.

On the bright side, you are far less likely to get a complex canker sore unless you’ve previously had it. However, the question of how to heal a canker sore still remains.

There are two treatment options – standard medical treatment and home remedies. To help you choose the one you think will work best for you, this article will look into both.

Standard Medical Treatment

The type of medical treatment that works for you largely depends on the severity of the sores in your mouth. For this reason, you should consult with your doctor or dentist to help you determine the right medication.

Supplements

A lack of certain vitamins and other essential nutrients is one of the reasons canker sores appear in the first place. Your doctor might prescribe a supplement that’s rich in vitamins B6 and B12. Supplements that contain zinc or folic acid are also often prescribed. Their purpose is to equip your immune system to fight the ongoing infection and prevent it from recurring in the future.

Rinses

This treatment is great for people who suffer from multiple canker sores. Rinses are prescription medications which contain a combination of lidocaine and dexamethasone. They are effective in reducing pain and inflammation and allow you to start eating better almost immediately after application.

Oral Medication

If the sores don’t respond to other treatments, a doctor might prescribe oral medications. However, there are no medications that specifically target canker sores.

In general, doctors resort to colchicine, a gout medication, or sucralfate, which is used to treat intestinal ulcers. Steroid oral medication is rarely prescribed due to the side effects it could cause.

Topicals

You don’t need any prescription for canker topicals, and there are a few different forms to choose from. They include liquids, creams, pastes, and gels that aid pain relief and expedite the healing process.

Certain products contain active ingredients like fluocinonide, hydrogen peroxide, or benzocaine. Even though you don’t need a prescription to get them, it is still wise to consult with your doctor. They will help you choose the product that is best suited for your symptoms.

Invasive Treatment

In some cases, doctors might resort to a more invasive treatment to cauterize the sores. Chemicals like silver nitrate and debacterol are applied to the sores to physically remove or burn them. Debacterol has an advantage over silver nitrate as it simultaneously speeds up the healing time and lessens the pain.

Home Remedies

Luckily, most canker sores don’t require medical treatment and go away on their own in a few weeks. But there’s no need to suffer and just wait for the sores to disappear. There are several effective folk remedies that should provide immediate relief.

Sodium Bicarbonate and Saltwater

Take a cup of warm water and mix in one teaspoon of salt, then swish it in the mouth for a minute.

For a more potent mix, add half a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate to make a paste-like solution. Put the paste over your canker sores, and you should feel less pain after a few applications.

Both solutions reduce bacteria and alkalinity in your mouth to speed up the healing process.

Apple Cider Vinegar

Rich in acetic acid, apple cider vinegar can help fight the bad bacteria in the mouth. It also balances the oral flora as extra help for treating canker sores.

To make the mouthwash, mix one tablespoon of vinegar into a glass of water and swish it in your mouth. The solution is also beneficial to your digestive tract, so rather than spitting it out once you’re done, you can swallow it.

Note: Ensure that the vinegar is properly diluted to avoid acid erosion from the low pH.

Chamomile

Chamomile tea is an excellent relaxant and digestion aid, but it also has antiseptic properties. Drinking or even swishing the tea will soothe the sores and expedite the recovery. It should be taken warm to get the most benefits.

Cayenne Pepper

This one might come as a surprise since it’s generally advisable to avoid strong spices when you suffer from canker sores.

However, cayenne pepper has capsaicin, a special substance that can do a lot of good. It is known to prevent the growth of bacteria and affect the substance P which is responsible for inflammation.

When treating canker sores, make cayenne paste using water, and apply the paste to your sores with a cotton swab. Repeat the process a few times a day and you should soon feel relieved.

Basil

Similar to cayenne pepper, basil has great anti-microbial characteristics which can provide relief from the sores. There are two ways to use basil. You can chew the leaves fresh or put them in hot water and then swish the basil tea like any other mouthwash.

Sage

Sage is yet another herb with powerful anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties. It balances the flora in your mouth and expedites the canker healing process.

To make the mouthwash, mix in 2 teaspoons of sage (dried) with water and swish for about a minute.

Clove Oil

For decades, clove oil has been used as one of the most potent folk remedies to heal canker sores. What’s more, some dentists continue to use it to this day. This oil contains eugenol, a powerful painkiller that provides immediate relief when applied directly.

When you want to apply clove oil directly, rinse your mouth with salt water first. Then take a cotton ball and soak it in half a teaspoon of olive oil and add clove oil (5 drops is enough). Put the ball on the sore and hold it there for a few minutes.

Endnote

Irritating as they are, canker sores are not that difficult to treat. Now that you know how to heal a canker sore, it’s only a matter of choosing the right treatment.

You should try one of the home-made remedies as soon as you see the first signs of sores. They don’t create any negative side effects and can improve your overall oral health.

However, if home remedies don’t help after a few days, it is best to visit your doctor. Canker sores are sometimes confused with other oral conditions, so you shouldn’t try to self-medicate.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/canker-sore/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370620
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643145
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15334652
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12744643

Health

How to Get Rid of Leg Cramps: 8 Ways to Ease the Pain

Written By: Arch
Arch

Leg cramps often strike suddenly and unexpectedly. You could be walking along the street or going down some stairs when one of your leg muscles spasms, creating a cramp. While they sometimes only last a few seconds, some leg cramps squeeze the muscle for minutes, resulting in agonizing pain.

Studies show that up to 60% of people aged over 50 experience nocturnal leg cramps. Occurring at night and often waking people from their sleep, nocturnal leg cramps generally affect the calf or thigh muscle.

As a common condition affecting both men and women, it can be helpful to know how to get rid of leg cramps. This article will look at the causes of leg cramps and show you eight ways to ease the pain.

What Causes Leg Cramps?

Although the causes of leg cramps are sometimes unknown, they are often the result of an overworked muscle or dehydration. Other causes for leg cramps include:

  • Sitting for long periods
  • Over-stretching
  • Low potassium or magnesium levels
  • Gastrointestinal disorders such as Crohn’s disease
  • Nerve compression
  • Excess sweating
  • Pregnancy
  • Alcoholism
  • Medications

Runners and athletes may experience leg cramps during a workout if they fail to warm up or push themselves too hard. Known as exercise-induced cramping, these cramps can damage the muscle and halt progress for weeks.

How to Get Rid of Leg Cramps

Treating a leg cramp quickly will often reduce the severity of the cramp. The below tips can help treat the pain and prevent future cramps from occurring.

1. Stretch

Stretching can help stop a cramp quickly. Depending on which muscle is affected, the below stretches can help ease the cramp:

Calf

Stand one or two feet from the wall and step you cramping leg back behind you. Keeping your heel and foot on the ground, slowly lean towards the wall with your upper body to stretch your cramping leg.

If you have a towel handy, sit on the ground and wrap the towel around your foot. Pull back with both hands to stretch the calf.

Hamstring

A towel stretch can also help stop your hamstring cramping. To stretch it further, lie on your back and pull your leg towards your chest while keeping the leg straight.

Quadriceps

To stretch your quads, pull one ankle towards your lower back while holding onto something for support. Slowly pull your leg up while keeping force on the ankle to stretch.

Hold any of the above stretches for up to 30 seconds, but be careful not to overstretch as this can cause further injury.

2. Massage

Massage can help restore blood flow to a cramped muscle while also providing pain relief. Because it relaxes the muscles, massage can also be used as a preventative measure against future cramps. To stop a leg cramp and ease the pain, gently massage the affected muscle.

Athletes and those that suffer frequent leg cramps can find help from professional sports therapy. Focusing on muscle repair and rehabilitation, regular sports massage can keep leg cramps from occurring.

3. Use a Hot or Cold Compress

Heat helps improve circulation while cold constricts blood flow. To relax the muscle and soothe pain, apply heat to the muscle. A warm bath or heat pack can loosen the muscles and stop a cramp.

Some people find relief by applying a cold compress to a cramped leg. Because it reduces swelling, this is an easy way to relieve pain. Remember to never apply ice directly to the skin. A bag of frozen vegetables wrapped in a damp towel makes a quick cold pack.

4. Get Hydrated

Dehydration is one of the main causes of leg cramps during physical activity. As the muscles work harder, they heat up and can start to cramp without adequate hydration.

To avoid dehydration, you need to drink 2-3 liters of water each day. Sports drinks containing electrolytes are a great way to return hydration and minerals that are lost through sweat.

5. Take Magnesium

Low magnesium levels in the blood can lead to cramps. If you suffer from frequent leg cramps, taking a daily magnesium supplement might help reduce their frequency. Often recommended for pregnant women, magnesium helps the body function correctly.

While magnesium has limited negative side effects, consult with your doctor first to ensure it’s right for you.

6. Change Your Diet

A natural way to prevent leg cramps is to fill your diet with foods rich in potassium, magnesium, and calcium. As leg cramps can be caused by nutrient deficiencies, it’s important to consider your diet as the cause for the condition.

Fruits and vegetables high in these minerals include bananas, apricots, broccoli, and cabbage. Dairy products like yogurt, cheese, and milk are a great source of calcium.

While it’s not recommended to eat excess salt, low sodium levels caused by physical activity can also lead to leg cramps. Saltwater fish and pickled foods are a safe way to add sodium back into your system.

7. Try Supplements

Supplements are another way to prevent leg cramps and correct mineral deficiencies. Packing many times the dose found in food, supplements can correct the levels of minerals in your body. While it’s rare to need a sodium supplement, calcium and potassium deficiencies are common.

If you don’t like taking tablets, many supplements are available in powdered form to make a drink. Alternatively, some people prefer to consume apple cider vinegar due to its high levels of magnesium, potassium, and sodium.

8. Change Your Shoes

An often overlooked cause of leg cramps is poorly fitting footwear. Shoes that provide minimal support place additional strain on the leg muscles, which over time can result in a cramp. Where possible, avoid high-heeled and pointed-toe shoes as they force the calf muscle to engage for long periods of time.

If you suffer from nocturnal leg cramps, consult a podiatrist for the right type of footwear for you. People with flat feet or other foot problems may find a shoe insert could resolve their pain.

Final Word

Almost everyone will experience a leg cramp at some stage of life. While rarely the case, frequent leg cramps could be a sign of another underlying health issue. If you suffer from frequent cramps, consult your doctor or podiatrist about an examination and treatment plan.

Knowing how to get rid of leg cramps is only the first step. Follow the above tips to lead a cramp-free and pain-free life.

 

References:

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0815/p350.html
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14170-leg-cramps-at-night

Health

How Long Does Fever Last with RSV and How Can You Treat It?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Respiratory syncytial virus, otherwise known as RSV, is a virus that infects the breathing passages and lungs. RSV can infect a person more than once.

Although the virus only causes a regular cold in adults, it can cause far greater problems in children. As a matter of fact, RSV is a notoriously common cause of respiratory illness in young children.

High fevers are one of the symptoms that accompany RSV.

With that being said, it is important to know how long does fever last with RSV and when should you visit the doctor.

What Are the Symptoms of RSV?

Knowing the symptoms of RSV will help you act faster. Of course, the sooner you begin with proper medical treatment, the better your chances to successfully get rid of the virus.

Children under the age of 3 may experience the following symptoms:

  • High fever
  • Wheezing
  • Bad cough
  • Difficult breathing

RSV can cause pneumonia, ear infection (otitis media), and bronchiolitis in children aged 3 or younger.

This virus is most common in children between 2 and 6 months old. Children who had issues with their immune system or had lung and heart problems are at a bigger risk of getting infected with the respiratory syncytial virus.

Adults with underlying lung diseases or compromised immune systems also belong to the risk group.

Children over the age of 3 usually only experience symptoms of a regular cold, such as a stuffy nose, sore throat, low fever, and mild headache. However, if the virus is left untreated, serious complications might also occur.

What You Should Know About RSV

RSV is very contagious. Although the virus is usually passed from person to person by sneezing or coughing (released droplets contain RSV), it can be spread by touching infected items as well.

The reason for that is the ability of this virus to survive on surfaces for hours. With that being said, RSV can be passed by touching infected doorknobs, counters, clothing, or other people’s hands.

RSV infections are common in epidemics that last anywhere from late fall to early spring.

An RSV infection and its symptoms, fever included, usually last anywhere from 7 to 14 days. However, if any complications occur, the virus can last even up to three weeks.

Problems with the respiratory systems that are caused by the respiratory syncytial virus last up to a week. In case no proper treatment is provided, respiratory problems such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis can go on for several weeks.

When it comes to young children, doctors don’t need to distinguish a common cold from an RSV infection if the child is otherwise healthy. They will use exams and medical history to diagnose the virus.

However, if a child is suffering from a chronic condition or has had a history of serious health problems, doctors will diagnose RSV through a specific exam that includes testing nasal fluids, as well as collecting samples and examining them further.

How to Treat RSV?

Respiratory syncytial virus infections usually go away without medical treatment as most cases are mild. However, there are successful ways to ease the symptoms and speed up recovery.

The first thing that you need to need to know is that antibiotics won’t work for RSV. If you are too sick to do normal activities, it is advised that you stay at home until you recover.

Here are some tips on treating RSV in children and adults:

  • Put a humidifier in your room in order to breathe more easily.
  • Drink plenty of water.
  • In case of a stuffy nose, use saline nose drops. You can find these in any pharmacy.
  • Use acetaminophen to treat your headache, sore throat, and fever. You can use Panadol, Tylenol, etc.
  • Although adults can use aspirin to lower the fever and pain, it shouldn’t be given to children as it can cause liver damage.
  • You can use suction bulbs to clear the nose of young children.

Of course, preventing RSV infections is better than having to deal with their symptoms. Here is what you can do to minimize the chances of getting infected by the respiratory syncytial virus:

  • Remember to wash your hands often.
  • Take regular baths.
  • Change your clothes regularly.
  • Do not touch your nose, eyes, or mouth without washing your hands, especially if you were around someone who’s already infected by RSV.
  • Throw away used tissues.
  • Have a separate cup that only you will drink from.

Infants can also get injected with RSV antibodies on a monthly basis in order to prevent RSV or similar respiratory diseases from occurring. The period from November to April is considered peak RSV season.

When Should You Visit Your Doctor?

As mentioned, RSV can cause terrible damage in people who are suffering from other health conditions and complicate their situation even more. That’s why it’s important to know when to call the doctor.

Since RSV symptoms disappear easily in adults, you should only visit the doctor if your condition gets worse or lasts longer than three weeks. The following examples are indicators that you need medical attention for your child:

  • In case your infant has some of the mentioned symptoms of RSV infection, visit the doctor immediately.
  • If your child has a fever above 38.3 degrees Celsius (101 degrees Fahrenheit).
  • If you notice your child’s mucus being yellow or green.
  • If your child is constantly tired.
  • If your child has difficulty breathing or is experiencing chest pain.
  • If your child’s lips or skin have suddenly changed color.

The Final Words

RSV infections aren’t that dangerous in adults. However, they can have a serious effect on children’s health, especially if they’re 3 years old or younger.

The methods outlined in this article should help keep your young ones safe from RSV and relieve the symptoms in case they’ve already contracted the virus. Some of the most common symptoms include a sore throat, cough, stuffy nose, fever, and headache.

In case you were wondering how long does fever last with RSV, the answer is anywhere between one and two weeks, although in some cases the symptoms can last for up to three weeks.

 

References:

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/rsv.html
https://www.virtualpediatrichospital.org/patients/cqqa/rsv.shtml
https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/about/transmission.html

Education

How to Become a Dental Hygienist

Written By: Arch
Arch

If you want to future proof your career, dental hygienists are in high demand. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, that growth is slated to continue by as much as 20% by 2026.

Along with the high demand for dental services, dental hygienists don’t need expensive college diplomas. So if you want to avoid incurring a high student loan debt, this may be a good career choice for you.

Are you ready to find out how to become a dental hygienist? Check out this article to find out education and qualification requirements.

How to Become a Dental Hygienist in 2 Steps

Like many careers, you need to take the necessary steps to become a dental hygienist. However, they are relatively easy in comparison to other career paths.

1. Education

Can you become a dental hygienist without a 4-year degree? Yes, you can. Dental hygienists typically need a minimum Associate’s degree in dental hygiene. These programs can take 2 to 3 years to complete, depending on your college’s scheduling.

If you do enroll in a dental program, expect to attend laboratory and clinical instruction as well as traditional classroom classes. These programs cover a variety of subjects including:

  • nutrition
  • physiology
  • radiography
  • anatomy
  • pathology
  • medical ethics
  • patient management
  • periodontics

Generally, dental programs also include liberal arts classes, as well as the standard dental and science classes.

Are you still in high school? If you are, concentrate on chemistry, biology, and math. They can help you in the dental program, especially seeing as most of the programs have prerequisites.

Specific requirements, though, may vary from school to school. To be accepted into a dental program, you usually have to meet the following requirements:

  • GED or high school diploma
  • Average high school minimum C-average, including English, math, biology, chemistry
  • 40 hours of prerequisite courses, generally in psychology, English, speech, chemistry

You may find dental programs in community colleges, technical schools, and universities. According to the Commission on Dental Accreditation, there are over 1,400 programs available.

Associate’s degrees are acceptable for work as a hygienist in a dental office. However, if you want to work in other dental fields, you may need an advanced degree. That includes teaching, research, or clinical practice in school or public health programs.

Finding a bachelor’s or master’s degree in dental hygiene may be a little more difficult. However, if you are a dental hygienist or plan to go beyond that, it can be a good idea to further your career.

2. Licensing

Every state has requirements for dental hygienist license. Most states require you to complete an accredited dental hygiene program. In addition, they may also require proof of clinical and written examinations administered by the American Dental Association (ADA) for licensing. Other licensure requirements may include:

  • cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or Basic Life Support (BLS) certification
  • minimum age of 18 or 21 years old
  • good moral character
  • background check
  • fingerprint verification
  • passed ADA exams with a 75 or better per section
  • specialty degree from a CODA accredited program
  • interview

Dental hygienists are responsible for maintaining their license. That may include continuing education requirements. However, like the initial licensing requirements, maintenance may also vary by state.

Other Skills Needed

There are other skills you may need to be a successful dental hygienist. These skills are not necessarily taught in a dental program. However, they are integral to the profession. They include the following:

Attention to Detail

Dental hygienists need to follow specific protocols and rules. They usually help dentists diagnose and treat patients, but some states may not require direct supervision from a dentist. Attention to detail is thus paramount, especially when working on your own.

Critical Thinking

As a dental hygienist, you won’t simply be cleaning teeth. You may also need to assess and evaluate a patient’s dental health and that requires critical thinking skills.

Dexterity

Dental hygienists work with their hands. You may overlook that fact when considering this career. However, consider that the workspace on a patient’s body is very small. Therefore, you need exceptional fine motor skills to use precision tools and instruments in this tight space.

Communication Skills

You may not talk very much while you’re performing a treatment or cleaning. However, before and afterward, you need to relay a variety of information to dentists and patients. This may include things like oral health status, plans for oral hygiene care, and lifestyle counseling as needed.

Problem Solving Skills

Can you pinpoint a problem and develop a solution? You may be called to do that as a dental hygienist. Creating and implementing oral hygiene care plans would follow under your care, so you need problem-solving skills to maintain and improve a patient’s oral health.

Interpersonal Skills

Lastly, this soft skill may be undervalued in a dentist setting. Still, you will work closely not only with dentists but also with patients who may or may not be happy about having to go to the dentist. Being sensitive to a patient’s fear or pain and managing to relax them and instill trust in them can help you succeed in this chosen career.

Job Prospects

If you do choose this profession, what do your job prospects look like? Employment for dental hygienists is growing faster than the average of all other occupations. From 2016 to 2026, it is projected to grow by 20 percent.

One of the reasons for this is the aging population in the United States. Baby boomers are getting older, but many are keeping their original teeth. That means that dental offices need more hygienists to handle the demand for dental care.

In addition, a growing body of research that links oral and general health is also driving the demand for preventative dental services. However, keep in mind that graduations from dental programs are also higher and that could spell increased competition for jobs.

Final Thought

How to become a dental hygienist? It can be as easy as earning an associate’s degree and passing licensing exams. On top of that, you may not have to contend with monstrous student loan debt to get into this career.

Dental hygiene is a thriving profession with an expected growth of 20% by 2026. There are a few factors that are driving employment in this sector. They include a wider access to dental insurance and the need of the country’s aging population to maintain their original teeth.

While there are numerous dental programs cropping up around the country, make sure that the one you choose is accredited. Many states require CODA accreditation for licensing, so this should be one of the key considerations when enrolling.

 

References:

https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/mobile/dental-hygienists.htm
https://www.ucas.com/ucas/after-gcses/find-career-ideas/explore-jobs/job-profile/dental-hygienist
https://www.ada.org/en/coda/accreditation/faq
https://www.ada.org/en/education-careers/licensure/licensure-information-by-state

How Often Should You Change Your Tampon?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Menstrual periods are a fact of life for most women. Females contend with a monthly period from puberty to menopause, but there are a variety of ways to deal with the flow.

Wearing tampons is one of the most convenient ways to handle a period. They are relatively unseen in comparison to pads, and you can keep them in longer.

How often should you change your tampon? The frequency that a tampon is changed may have serious consequences. Keep reading to find out when to change out tampons and what happens if you wait too long.

Changing Frequency

The changing frequency of tampons depends on a variety of factors, which may include:

  • flow
  • activities
  • absorbency

So how often should you change your tampon? Generally speaking, tampons should be changed after between 4 to 6 hours use. However, there are some exceptions to the rule.

For example, if there is leakage after a few hours, it may be from a heavy flow. Not only should women switch to a higher absorbency tampon but it may also need to be changed more frequently.

Another instance where a tampon may be changed before the 4-to-6-hour mark is during certain activities. The string on a tampon is very absorbent, so any liquids that splash on it from the outside may creep into the vagina via the string. This can happen when you’re using the bathroom or when you’re swimming.

Now, it isn’t a hard rule that tampons need to be changed after those activities. However, for hygienic reasons, it is a good idea to put into practice.

As a rule, 8 hours is the maximum time limit for a tampon to be changed. That may leave a lot of leeway for most activities, including sleep. However, if you decide to wear a tampon while sleeping, make sure to put it in just before going to bed, sleep for no more than 8 hours, and change it as soon as you wake up.

What Is TSS?

Many tampon-users may have heard of the dangers of TSS. Toxic Shock Syndrome is a rare complication that could be life-threatening. These complications may be the result of infections from certain bacterial types.

TSS is usually attributed to toxins produced by Staphylococcus or group A streptococcus bacterium. Although anyone can get TSS, it’s mostly associated with women who use superabsorbent tampons.

Symptoms of TSS

Some symptoms and signs of toxic shock syndrome a person may experience include:

  • vomiting or diarrhea
  • sudden high fever
  • developing a sunburn-like rash, especially on the palms and soles
  • low blood pressure
  • muscle aches
  • redness in the eyes, throat, and mouth
  • confusion
  • headaches
  • seizure

The risk of getting TSS has declined in the United States. That’s because tampon manufacturers no longer use designs and materials that were previously associated with TSS. Furthermore, the FDA requires manufacturers to use appropriate labeling and measurement for tampons and include printed guidelines on tampon boxes.

Safety and Prevention

Toxic shock syndrome may be prevented if you use tampons correctly. The following tips for safe tampon use should help you:

1. Change Frequently

Remember to change tampons frequently. At the very least, change it out every 6 to 8 hours. Women with light flows should still adhere to this guideline. Don’t be tempted to keep a tampon in all day.

Bacteria thrive in moist, warm environments, so the longer it’s there, the greater the risk of TSS.

2. Use Different Absorbency Tampons

Women usually don’t have one type of flow every day of their period, so one tampon definitely does not fit all. Keep other absorbencies on hand as the flow changes.

Using super absorbency tampons, especially when they’re not needed, may increase your chances of TSS. Save the supers for the first day or two when the flow is at its heaviest. Afterward, switch to regular and then light-absorbency tampons towards the end of the week.

Furthermore, using super-absorbent tampons when it’s not needed may do more harm than good, especially for lighter flows. These types may dry out vaginal tissue, causing cracks and tears that could increase the likelihood of infection.

How to tell which absorbency is the right one? If it’s still mostly white when it’s removed, move down to a lower absorbency. On the other hand, if there’s leakage on the underwear, you may want to try a higher one.

3. Wash Your Hands Before and After

Washing your hands may be automatic after a trip to the restroom. However, hand washing should also occur before tampon insertion. The last thing anyone wants is to risk contaminating the tampon as it’s being inserted.

4. Torn Wrappers Are a “No-Go”

Tampon wrappers can go through a lot of abuse when they’re kept in a purse or makeup bag. Sometimes that abuse is too much for those delicate wrappers. Torn wrappers could potentially lead to contaminated tampons, and that’s a recipe for a nasty infection.

5. Don’t Wear Them the Day Before or After a Period

As tempting as it may be, it’s a bad idea to put a tampon in “just in case”. Inserting a tampon into a vagina that’s not on a menstrual cycle may change the natural environment. It can also dry it out, causing micro tears and cracks.

Instead of using a tampon, try panty liners and period panties. It may not be the best solution, but it reduces your risk of unwanted vaginal infections.

Final Thought

Tampons give women the freedom to do activities while on their period. They’re a convenient and discrete way to handle the monthly flow. How often should you change your tampon, however, may depend on your particular needs.

Generally, you should change your tampon every 4 to 6 hours but not exceed 8 hours at a time. Some circumstances, though, may necessitate more frequent changes, but it’s a bad idea to leave it in too long.

Lastly, it’s important to use the right tampon absorbency at the right time. Read the directions that are printed on tampon boxes and make sure to watch the clock. It is always better to stay safe and remove them early than risk keeping them in for too long.

 

References:

https://tampax.co.uk/en-gb/tampax-articles/my-first-tampon/how-often-should-you-change-your-tampon
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355384
https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Your-First-Period-Especially-for-Teens#how
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2653895?log%24=activity
https://tampax.co.uk/en-gb/tampax-articles/popular-tampax-articles/how-long-can-i-leave-my-tampon-in

Education

How to Become a Pharmacist

Written By: Arch
Arch

Pharmacists are health professionals with extensive knowledge on how to use medication safely and effectively. Once patients get certain medication prescribed by a physician, they take their prescriptions to a pharmacist. The pharmacist has to dispense the drug and explain how it should be properly used.

Recent reports point to an increased need for pharmacy technicians and pharmacists in the United States, which would make pharmacy an excellent career choice.

If you are interested in working in healthcare industry, educating patients about medications, and providing helpful advice, pharmacy might be a good fit for you.

This article will explain how to become a pharmacist.

What Is Required for Becoming a Pharmacist?

In order to become a pharmacist, you will need advanced education and licensure. Having a doctoral degree (Doctor of Pharmacy, also known as Pharm.D.) is mandatory for becoming a pharmacist. Also, there are several exams that you must pass in order to get a license.

Students usually enter Pharm.D programs after their third year of undergraduate studies. If you want to apply for a Pharm.D program as well, make sure that the program is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education.

Your focus should be on the following courses, so aim for higher grades in:

  • Organic chemistry
  • Human anatomy
  • General chemistry
  • Biology
  • Calculus
  • Statistics
  • Biochemistry

Students that entered Pharm.D. programs have to take the PCAT, which is short for Pharmacy College Admission Test. The PCAT is made out of seven tests that measure:

  • Verbal ability
  • Writing ability
  • Chemistry knowledge
  • Biology knowledge
  • Reading and understanding

Pharm.D. students also have to take courses in pharmaceutical chemistry (how chemistry is used to design drugs), pharmacology (how drugs affect the human body), and pharmacology (focuses on plant-derived and animal-derived drugs).

If you are a future pharmacy student, expect lots of clinical training in different settings like hospitals and compounding pharmacies. During your clinical training, you will be able to work with physicians, treat patients, and see how other healthcare professionals do their work.

People usually think that pharmacists only fill prescriptions, but in reality, they have many more responsibilities such as:

  • Performing blood sugar and cholesterol tests in patients
  • Administering vaccines and flu shots
  • Ensuring that the prescribed medication won’t have a negative effect on the patient’s health due to interacting with other drugs the patient might be taking
  • Performing wellness screenings
  • Working with insurance companies

Aside from working in retail, hospital, government, and military pharmacies, pharmacists can work in research labs and clinics.

A Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming a Pharmacist

With all that being said, you have to complete your education before you apply for your pharmacist license. Here are the steps you need to take to become a pharmacist:

1. Choose the Degree Path

It usually takes 6 or 7 years to acquire a bachelor’s degree and a Pharm.D, seeing as pharmacy schools are mostly dual degree programs. Some programs only require high school diplomas from their students, while there are others that require a bachelor’s degree and are meant for doctoral-level training.

2. Pass The PCAT

Take seven tests that make the PCAT. These tests usually consist of multiple-choice questions about previously mentioned topics.

When it comes to the required passing score, each school determines its own.

3. Finish Your Education and Take Licensure Exams

Once you have finished with all of the required courses, exams, and formal internships, you should take the licensure exam.

After completing the Pharm.D program, future pharmacists need to take two licensing exams. The first exam is The North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam, and the second one could be your state’s jurisprudence exam or the MPJE (Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Exam).

4. Apply for Your Pharmacist License

After you have completed the previous steps, all that you need to do is apply for your pharmacist license. Depending on the state you are living in, you might need to undergo a background check, take additional training hours, etc.

Other Pharmacy Career Options Becoming a pharmacist isn’t your only option if you want to work with medications and patients.

Your second option is to become a pharmacy assistant or technician. These two positions are also very important in the healthcare industry. If you’re considering either of these positions, you should know that they require much less education and different diplomas.

Pharmacy assistants and technicians complete and organize important tasks for doctors and patients. That could be a great place to start your career in pharmacy.

In order to help you decide which pharmacy career option is for you, let’s look at them in more detail.

Pharmacy Assistant

If you want to become a pharmacy assistant, you need a high school diploma and a completed on-the-job training.

Because higher education isn’t necessary for a pharmacy assistant, it goes without saying that they have fewer responsibilities than other healthcare professionals.

Pharmacy assistants keep a record of medications that have been delivered, work at the cash register, and stock and manage supplies.

Pharmacy Technician

In order to become a pharmacy technician, you have to earn the credential of CPhT, which is short for Certified Pharmacy Technician. This certification is required in most U.S. states.

Furthermore, pharmacy technicians usually undergo formal education programs and acquire an associate’s degree.

Finally, you have to successfully pass a drug screening and a background check.

Pharmacy technicians have more responsibilities such as:

  • Filling prescriptions
  • Calling the doctor’s office for medication refills
  • Labeling and packing prescriptions
  • Collecting customer information and entering it into a database
  • Talking with customers and answering phone calls
  • Taking care of payments

Depending on the state, pharmacy technicians might not have all of these responsibilities. In some states, pharmacy technicians aren’t allowed to call doctor’s offices and ask for prescription refill authorization, while there’s no such restriction in other states.

The Final Verdict

Becoming a pharmacist requires advanced education and certain licensures. There is a long way ahead of you if you are interested in becoming a pharmacist. However, all the troubles could pay off as pharmacists are becoming more and more in-demand.

This article explained everything you need to know on how to become a pharmacist. Carefully consider everything you’ve read here and decide if this is really the right career choice for you.

 

References:

https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/pharmacists.htm#tab-1

How to Milk Your Prostate

Written By: Arch
Arch

Prostate massage or milking can be prescribed to men for a wide range of issues, such as prostatitis and erectile dysfunction. Though the evidence of its benefits is mostly anecdotal, prostate massage is becoming a more and more widespread treatment method.

Proper education and preparation are of key importance, as bad technique and poor hygiene can cause great damage to the area and bring numerous medical complications. Keep reading to find out how to milk your prostate in a safe and healthy way.

Benefits

Some experts agree that a regular prostate massage therapy can help with a wide range of issues. The greatest benefit is the regular clearing of the prostatic duct. It can also help relieve the symptoms of prostatitis. Here are other conditions on which regular prostate massage could have beneficial effects:

  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Painful ejaculation
  • Inflammation of the urinal tract

Risks

Prostate massage or milking does, however, come with its own set of risks. If you’re not careful, you can seriously damage your prostate gland, walls of the colon, and anus.

Possible complications of an excessively vigorous massage can result in hemorrhoids, perforation of the rectal lining, infection, bleeding, septicaemia, and gangrene.

It is not advised for men suffering from prostate cancer to perform the milking, as it may help spread cancer cells to nearby organs or other parts of the body.

To minimize the risk, you should seek out a medical professional who can give you instructions on how to perform the milking in a safe and healthy way. If you want your partner to perform it for you, they should also get educated on the matter before proceeding.

Preparation

There are several things you should do before you proceed with the milking. Here’s how to prepare for the session:

  • Empty your bladder and bowels. You can also opt for an enema.
  • Take a shower.
  • Wash your hands thoroughly and clip your nails.
  • If you’re using a massager, make sure it’s clean and properly disinfected.
  • Have a condom or a surgical glove. If you’re allergic to latex, use the non-latex variety.
  • Prepare the lube.

In the following sections, we’ll explain how to milk your prostate using either the external or the internal method.

External Method

The external method does not involve inserting your fingers or a massaging device into your anus. Instead, you will use either to massage the perineum, the area that’s located between the scrotum and the anus.

This approach doesn’t guarantee the results as external massage can be insufficient on its own. This largely depends on the masseur’s skill level and the sensitivity of the area. Usually, it takes more time to drain the prostate this way than it would with the internal method.

You may or may not opt to use a glove or lubricant for this method. It is not necessary, though it might help smooth the entire process. Also, you may perform the massage with fingers or with a massager specially designed for this purpose.

Whatever you opt for, it is always advisable to empty your bowels and bladder before proceeding with the external massage.

Finger Massage

You should start by gently rubbing the perineum area with your fingers or a massage device of your choice. Keep massaging for several minutes and make sure to cover the entire length of the perineum. If you feel discomfort or have sensitive skin, consider applying some lube.

You should keep going until the semen is released from the prostate. Have in mind that it might take a while, especially if you’re inexperienced.

Using a Massager

You can perform the milking with a prostate massager for external application. They are designed to be sat on and to provide pressure to the perineum. External massagers usually have the vibration function to help facilitate the process.

As with finger massage, it might take some time before you see the results. Of course, if it is excessively uncomfortable or becomes painful, stop the massage and consider another approach.

Internal Method

The internal method entails the direct stimulation of the prostate. It is done through the anus and involves inserting either fingers or a massage device into the cavity to achieve the desired result.

You can opt to perform the milking yourself or ask your partner. If you feel reluctant to do either, you can always go to a doctor. If you’re inexperienced, it is advisable to turn to a professional for help to rule out possible health complications.

Clearing your bowels and emptying your bladder is a must if you opt for this method. It is also recommended to perform an enema prior to milking your prostate.

Finger Massage

First, put a glove or a condom over the hand with which you will be performing the massage. You don’t want to spread the bacteria living in your colon to other parts of the body.

Next, pour some lube on your fingers and apply it to the inside of your anus. Though it might be unnerving if you don’t have experience with prostate milking, try to relax and breathe normally.

Locate the prostate and start gently rubbing it. The prostate is, depending on your height, 2 to 4 inches up the colon. Technically, it is not in the colon. It is located on the outside, between the bladder and the colon wall.

At first, you should apply the pressure for only several seconds before pulling back. The prostate is roughly the size of a walnut and is round-shaped. Its surface is smooth and very sensitive to the touch.

Repeat the previous step as many times as needed. You can try massaging different areas of the prostate if you can. It is nothing unusual if you experience erection during the process.

Using a Massager

You can also opt to massage your prostate with a massage device. If you choose to go this route, get a massager that’s specifically designed for this purpose. Make sure it is a quality product that won’t do any harm to your prostate or the anus.

Generally, there are two types of massagers, with and without vibration. Both are shaped to fit the shape of the rectum and come in different sizes to match the position of the prostate. It is strongly advised that you do not use any other device for this purpose.

First, lubricate the massager thoroughly and then insert it into your anus. As with finger massage, you should start gently and apply the pressure to the prostate gland for several seconds before pulling back.

Repeat the previous step as many times as needed. Have in mind that the electric massagers with vibration function can also help with inflammation, improve the blood flow in the area of application, and relax the prostate gland.

Final Thoughts

While potentially risky, a prostate massage can help with a number of problems, including benign prostatic hyperplasia, inflammation of the urinal tract, and erectile dysfunction.

You should take some time to educate yourself on the proper methods and techniques. Performing the massage with little or no knowledge can have grave consequences on your health. Consult your doctor if you’re not sure whether or not you should do it.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostate-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20353087
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/about/what-is-prostate-cancer.html
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostatitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355766
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/prostatitis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10527258

Health

How Often Can You Take Ibuprofen?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Ibuprofen is among the most common over-the-counter (OTC) drugs used to treat pain and swellings. Millions of people around the world use it every day.

There are, however, guidelines that shouldn’t be ignored regarding the consumption of ibuprofen. This is important as the side effects of this drug can lead to serious health problems and even death.

How often can you take ibuprofen? In a nutshell, no more than four times a day, with no less than four hours between the doses. Keep reading for more info on ibuprofen, safe ways to administer it, precautions, possible side effects, and risk groups.

Ibuprofen General Info

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved ibuprofen back in 1974 under the Motrin brand name. Since then, many other brands have appeared on the market. The standard 200mg tablets are sold together with other OTC drugs and don’t require a prescription. However, you do need one for stronger varieties.

Ibuprofen belongs to the NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) group of drugs and works by inhibiting prostaglandins in your body. These chemicals are responsible for causing inflammation. It usually takes up to half an hour for orally administered ibuprofen to start working. The topical variety can take up to a day or two.

Ibuprofen is most often used in the form of capsules and tablets. It is also available in liquid form, as a gel, mousse, and spray. Aside from its primary forms, ibuprofen can also be found in combination with other OTC drugs for migraine and cold.

Common Usage

Ibuprofen is commonly used for a wide variety of pains and aches. These include:

  • Migraine
  • Toothache
  • Menstrual pains
  • Cramps
  • Sprained joints
  • Strained muscles
  • Swellings
  • Muscle and joint pains

Dosage

Ibuprofen tablets and capsules are available in 200mg, 400mg, 600mg, and 800mg variations.

How often can you take ibuprofen? Typical doses for adults are two 200mg or one 400mg tablet 3 times a day. However, some might find it insufficient to suppress pain and the dose might go up to a 400mg tablet four times a day or even a 600mg tablet three or four times a day.

The recommended maximum is 3,200mg of ibuprofen a day. It is usually prescribed as two 400mg tablets four times a day. This is rare and is only advised in extreme situations.

If you’re taking ibuprofen three times a day, it is advised to take a dose every six hours. This will give your body enough time to metabolize the drug. However, if you’re taking Ibuprofen four times a day, the time between two doses should never be shorter than 4 hours.

In case you’re in constant pain, your doctor might prescribe slow-release ibuprofen with a longer lasting effect. If you’re taking it once a day, it should be before bed. If you’re taking it twice a day, leave a gap of at least 10 to 12 hours between the doses.

Finally, make sure that you’re taking the minimum dose for the shortest period of time. Stop taking ibuprofen as soon as the pain or swelling subsides. Don’t take it for more than 10 days unless it is recommended by the doctor.

Skipping a Dose

As with any other drug, it is not advisable to skip a dose of ibuprofen. If it happens, make sure to take your dose as soon as you remember or as soon as you’re able. In case it is almost time for the next dose, skip the current one and take the next regular dose.

You shouldn’t take a double dose to make up for the one you skipped. The extra dose might have adverse effects, and your body might have problems processing it.

Taking Too Much

If you take a much higher dose than the one you need, it might be very dangerous and can seriously harm your health. In case that happens, make sure to immediately call the doctor or the ambulance.

The most common symptoms of an ibuprofen overdose include:

  • Stomachache
  • Vomiting
  • Nausea
  • Ringing in your ears
  • Black stool
  • Blood in the vomit or stool
  • Fatigue and sleepiness
  • Breathing problems
  • Slower heart rate
  • Faster heart rate

If you notice blood in your vomit or stool, it means that your stomach is bleeding. Do not attempt to drive to the hospital by yourself, but call the ambulance instead.

Side Effects

Ibuprofen, like almost any other drug, has a palette of possible side effects. These can happen even if you stick to a regular dose. There are two categories – common and serious.

The former type is usually nothing to worry about, and these side effects tend to go on their own. However, the side effects from the latter group require immediate medical attention.

Common Side Effects

The common side effects include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, indigestion, and wind.

Here’s how to deal with the common side effects:

  • Sit or lie down. Refrain from alcohol, coffee, and cigarettes until the feeling passes. It shouldn’t last more than a few days.
  • Avoid spicy food and don’t eat big meals.
  • Drink water in small sips. Don’t take any OTC drugs to treat vomiting. Speak to your doctor if you also experience the symptoms of dehydration.
  • Rest plenty and stay hydrated. Also, refrain from drinking alcohol. Headaches shouldn’t last more than a week.
  • Go and see the doctor as soon as possible.
  • Refrain from eating onions, lentils, beans, and any other type of food that can cause wind. Switch to smaller meals and make sure to maintain your exercise regimen.

Stomachache, constipation, drowsiness, heartburn, and rash also belong to the group of common side effects.

Serious Side Effects

Difficulty breathing, black stool or vomit, swollen ankles, severe stomach and chest pain, blood in the urine, liver inflammation, and liver failure are some of the serious side effects of ibuprofen. These can also include anemia, heart attack, stroke, hypertension, agranulocytosis (the inability of the bone marrow to produce sufficient white blood cells), kidney damage, and low platelet count.

Make sure to call the doctor if you experience a severe rash, tightness in the throat or chest, wheezing breath, trouble talking, and swelling of the tongue, lips, mouth, and face.

Risk Groups

Don’t use ibuprofen if you’ve had any previous allergic reactions to either prescription or OTC drugs. If you’re pregnant or are trying to stay pregnant, you should stay away from ibuprofen, as well. People with hypertension should also avoid it.

If you’re going to your doctor for an ibuprofen prescription, make sure to tell them if you have ever had bleeding or an ulcer in your stomach. Inform them about your experience with conditions that increase the risk of bleeding, liver or kidney problems, heart failure, ulcerative colitis, shingles, Crohn’s disease, or chickenpox.

Final Thoughts

How often can you take ibuprofen? Adults shouldn’t take more than 800mg four times a day. The minimum pause between the doses should be 4 hours. If you overdose, you risk serious damage and even death.

Prior to taking ibuprofen, make sure you don’t belong to one of the risk groups. Finally, tell your doctor if you have or have had any condition that might cause complications.

 

References:

https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/ibuprofen-for-adults/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ibuprofen/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/ibuprofen-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20070602

Education

How to Become an Anesthesiologist

Written By: Arch
Arch

Anesthesiologists play a vital role in the operating room, administering drugs that eliminate pain and keep patients sedated during surgery. As well as overseeing anesthetics, these specialized physicians monitor patients’ vital signs and assist surgeons in creating treatment plans for procedures.

Most anesthesiologists work in a hospital environment, spending long hours in the operating room and checking on patients through recovery. Needing specialized knowledge in cardiovascular and respiratory medicine, anesthesiologists typically study and train for up to 14 years before being able to practice.

If you want to know how to become an anesthesiologist, keep reading to learn about the education requirements and career prospects for this crucial medical profession.

What Is an Anesthesiologist?

Anesthesiologists are physicians who focus on the care and pain relief of surgical patients. In addition to monitoring patients in the operating room, they provide pain treatment and management for chronic pain sufferers, as well as during labor and delivery (such as an epidural).

Main Responsibilities

One of the main responsibilities of an anesthesiologist is determining the type and amount of anesthetic needed for a patient. Information is gathered by conducting an interview and examination. Anesthesiologists communicate this information with the rest of the surgical team, working closely with colleagues to come up with the best treatment plan.

During surgery, the anesthesiologist administers anesthetic to the patient. There are three main types of anesthesia:

  1. General anesthesia: Sometimes called ‘going under’, general anesthesia is administered through a mask, IV, or breathing tube. General anesthesia affects the entire body and keeps the patient in a state of controlled unconsciousness.
  2. Local anesthesia: While the patient is awake, local anesthesia is administered by injection and used to numb a small part of the body.
  3. Regional anesthesia: Used to block pain and ease anxiety, regional anesthesia such as an epidural affects a larger part of the body.

Skills Needed

As an integral part of the surgical team, anesthesiologists need to have excellent communication, problem-solving, and organizational skills. Like most doctors, they will also need to have both the mental and physical dexterity and stamina needed to work through long surgeries.

Extensive medical knowledge is required. In order to gain experience, anesthesiologists need to complete several years of study and training before becoming licensed.

Required Education

The typical study route to becoming an anesthesiologist involves:

  • Four years of undergraduate study
  • Four years of medical school
  • Four years of residency training
  • One to two-year post-residency fellowship

Depending on the sub-specialization, some anesthesiologists will study for up to 14 years or more before being eligible for board certification.

Earn a Bachelor’s Degree

After graduating from high school, the first step on the road to becoming an anesthesiologist is to complete a bachelor’s degree. For the best chances of being accepted to medical school, it’s recommended to complete a pre-med major, focusing on chemistry, biology, physics, and math.

To gain access to medical school, you will need to pass the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during your undergraduate studies. This assesses students’ medical knowledge and problem-solving abilities.

Pass Medical School

After passing the MCAT and being accepted to medical school, an aspiring anesthesiologist needs to complete a four-year medical degree. This is typically split between study and practice, with lectures and laboratory studies for the first two years, and hands-on experience in hospitals or clinics for the remainder.

Supervised by experienced doctors, students can gain confidence and valuable experience while being able to explore different specialties such as pediatrics, cardiology, and anesthesiology. By working alongside seasoned anesthesiologists, medical students are able to learn about patient care and new procedures.

Complete a Residency

After completing medical school and gaining a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree, anesthesiologists spend four years in a residency program. During the first year, residents work in a variety of hospital rotations such as internal medicine and pediatrics.

For the second and third years of their residency, students learn the fundamental principles of anesthesiology and work in specializations such as cardiac or pediatric anesthesia. The final year is spent on research or advanced clinical training.

Pursue a Fellowship

With the residency complete, anesthesiologists can elect to pursue a fellowship lasting one to two years. Fellowships allow students to focus on a sub-specialty such as neurosurgery, transplant, or dental anesthesiology.

Obtain a License

Like all doctors, in order to practice in the United States, anesthesiologists need to obtain a license. During medical school and residency, students study for the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) which must be passed to gain a license.

State licenses are also required. While requirements can differ, all states require a medical degree and completed residency training in anesthesiology. You will also need to pass practical and written exams.

Board Certification

The optional final stage is board certification. Although certification is voluntary, many employers require physicians to be certified as it ensures they meet the gold standard in their field.

To become certified, physicians need to pass an exam set by the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) or the American Board of Physician Specialties (ABPS).

Career Prospects

Although there have been some steps taken in recent years to create robotic anesthesiologists, the need for human doctors is not likely to change anytime soon. While statistics on specialty medicine like anesthesiology are not published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, their figures show employment for surgeons and physicians is expected to grow by up to 18% by 2022.

Expected Salary

Anesthesiology is one of the highest paid medical professions. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary is $265,990. Of the reported specialties, dental anesthesiologists average the highest wages at over $280,000, while physicians at colleges and universities typically take home around $199,000.

Final Word

So how do you become an anesthesiologist? It takes many years of study and dedicated training to take up this profession.

If you are in high school, concentrate your studies on sciences like biology, chemistry, and physics, as well as humanities and mathematics. Mature-age students looking for a career change should seek advice from a local college or university about pre-med course requirements.

As a primary caregiver for patients during surgery, an anesthesiologist’s job can be very stressful. But the opportunity to relieve patients’ pain and ensure their survival can make it a fulfilling one as well.

 

References:

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2015/05/15/one-anesthesiology-robot-dips-its-toes-into-whats-possible-this-one-jumps-all-in
https://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Employment_Outlook_for_Anesthesiologists.html
https://www.bls.gov/oes/2017/may/oes291061.htm

Education

How to Become a Pediatrician

Written By: Arch
Arch

Pediatricians are physicians that specialize in the care of young people. Typically providing medical treatment for patients under the age of 21, pediatricians train for many years to gain the skills and knowledge required to fulfill their job.

Like most doctors, pediatricians work long hours and need a great deal of physical stamina and emotional resilience. While it’s not a career for everyone, working in children’s medicine is both challenging and rewarding.

If you’re considering a career in pediatrics but aren’t sure where to start, read on. This article will look at the typical educational path and show you how to become a pediatrician.

What Is a Pediatrician?

A pediatrician is a doctor that is trained to address the medical needs of infants, children, and teenagers. Typically providing care until young-adulthood, pediatricians diagnose and treat diseases and conditions as well as behavioral and mental health issues.

A pediatrician’s primary role is to:

  • Diagnose illnesses and conditions in children and young people
  • Assess and recommend treatment options
  • Perform immunizations and annual check-ups
  • Monitor growth and development
  • Prescribe medications and perform tests and medical procedures
  • Provide preventative care and advice

While much of the care given by pediatricians involves the patient’s physical well-being, they also provide counseling and preventative health information relating to hygiene, exercise, and diet. Pediatricians help with behavioral difficulties and developmental disorders as well as providing mental health care.

All in all, pediatricians look after the physical, mental, and social well-being of children and young adults.

Required Skills

The following skills are considered vital in order to become a pediatrician:

  • Communication skills: To explain a diagnosis and procedures, pediatricians need to be excellent communicators.
  • Compassion and patience: Many children don’t like visiting the doctor. To be successful, a high degree of compassion and patience is required.
  • Problem-solving skills: Pediatricians need to be able to think on their feet and diagnose patients quickly and correctly.
  • Dexterity: All doctors need strong mental and physical dexterity, but seeing as children are constantly active, this is especially true for pediatricians. They need to be able to keep a child entertained while still performing procedures.

Education Pathway

To become a pediatrician, you will need to complete years of specialized training. After graduating high school (or passing a General Education Development test), the typical educational path involves completing a bachelor’s degree, medical degree, and residency before you can apply for a license. To further specialize in a sub-field of pediatrics, an optional fellowship may need to be completed.

In order to become a pediatrician, you will need to complete the following educational requirements.

Undergraduate Degree

To gain entrance into medical school, you must complete premedical courses during your undergraduate degree. Typically including organic and inorganic chemistry, biology, math, and physics, some students choose to complete a pre-med program rather than specific prerequisite courses.

While pre-med programs typically add an extra year to a three-year bachelor’s degree, it can be seen as advantageous when applying to medical school. Students with the intention of going into pediatrics before starting their undergraduate studies should choose to major in child psychology or another related field.

Medical Degree

To become a pediatrician, you will need to earn a Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) degree. During your undergraduate studies, you will be required to sit the Medical College Admissions Test or MCAT. This test assesses candidates’ knowledge of physical and biological sciences and is a prerequisite for most medical schools.

Completing medical school generally takes four years. The first two years are spent in a classroom and laboratory setting focusing on anatomy, biochemistry, pathology, and pharmacology, as well as medical ethics.

During the latter two years, the focus shifts to broadening your experience and caring for patients. In a medical setting such as a hospital or clinic, students become exposed to multiple specialties including cardiology, surgery, family medicine, and pediatrics.

Pediatric Residency

Upon completion of medical school, a student will earn their doctorate, but they will need to complete more training before being able to practice. Under the supervision of an experienced pediatrician, you will receive hands-on training while completing your three-year pediatric residency. You will be exposed to sub-specialties such as adolescent and emergency medicine, and you may also conduct research or gain teaching experience.

Doctors who wish to pursue a career in sub-specialties often undertake a fellowship after their residency. Residencies and fellowships are paid positions and can take anywhere from five to ten years to complete, depending on the specialization.

Medical License

While completing medical school or your residency, you will be required to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) in order to practice. The three-part exam tests general science and medical knowledge as well as your ability to put it into practice.

After you pass this test, you can then apply to your state’s medical board for a license.

Board Certification

Although not a requirement, after the successful completion of your residency, you can choose to become board certified in pediatrics. To sit the exam, you will need to have a medical degree, current license, and have completed three years of pediatric training.

Once you have passed the exam, the American Board of Pediatrics awards certification which is valid for seven years.

Career Path

After completing the educational requirements, a varied career path is available for pediatricians. With a deep understanding of children’s medicine, pediatricians are able to work in health care facilities, schools, clinics, and hospitals.

Salary

According to the latest figures from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the average starting salary for a pediatric resident is $150,000. The institution where a pediatrician completed their studies as well as their specialization can affect their future earnings.

The 2018 Medscape Pediatrician Compensation Report found the average pediatrician salary to be $212,000. Pediatricians working in specialized hospitals have the highest average salary, earning $223,490 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Final Word

Although it takes years of dedicated study and training to become a pediatrician, up to 80% of pediatricians would choose the same profession again if given the chance. If learning how to become a pediatrician has piqued your interest, speak to your local college or university about entrance requirements.

With a high starting salary and a rewarding career path, the future for pediatricians is promising.

 

References:

https://www.aap.org/en-us/Documents/surveys_trenddata_salaries_gen_peds.pdf
https://www.medscape.com/slideshow/2018-compensation-pediatrician-6009669#2
https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes291065.htm#ind
https://www.medscape.com/slideshow/2018-compensation-pediatrician-6009669#31

Those Days of the Month: How to Skip a Period

Written By: Arch
Arch

For some women, a period is little more than a minor nuisance occurring around the same time each month. For many others, however, it can be a major problem that not only has the power to ruins their plans but may even jeopardize their health. If you fall into this second group, there are methods that could help you skip a period and avoid all the frustration that comes with it.

Of course, that opens another important question: is skipping a period safe and harmless?

In this article, you will learn the answer to this question and find out how to skip a period.

Is Skipping a Period Safe?

Numerous studies have confirmed that skipping periods is completely safe and reliable. Some of those studies have also found that women can skip periods even several times in a row without any consequences.

Deciding on the Method

Many women want to skip a period because they want to avoid the common symptoms like headaches, cramps, heavy bleeding, etc. There are two popular methods that can be used to skip all the emotional and physical effects of menstruations.

Both of these methods are considered birth control.

Before you opt for either of the two methods, it is important to take the following two tips into consideration.

Talk to Your Gynecologist

Taking birth control is the safest way of skipping a period. Research shows that it is also among the most effective.

Although the results are positive, you should always visit a licensed physician first. Talk to your gynecologist and explain that you want to skip a period. The gynecologist will give you further explanation and suggest a method you can take.

Think about It on Time

If you aren’t on a birth control plan already, it might take up to three months for your body to adjust to your new cycle.

With that being said, you might not be able to skip a cycle for the first few months.

To make sure that you successfully skip your period as you planned, you should start the contraceptive regimen two or three months in advance.

Considering the Options

The healthiest way of skipping a period is by using a hormonal form of birth control. That means that injections or implants aren’t advised.

The pills are, of course, your first option. There are two types of pills you can use.

Monophasic pills

Monophasic pills are known for their effectiveness as there is less spotting noticed than in multiphasic pills. These pills are stable and always contain the same mix of hormones.

Multiphasic pills

Whereas monophasic pills always contain the same hormones, multiphasic pills contain different hormones every week. The process occurs over multiple phases, hence the name. In this case, you have to take these pills in the correct order if you want to successfully skip your period.

Your second option is the NuvaRing.

NuvaRing

The NuvaRing is a small ring that contains two types of female hormones – progestin and estrogen. These hormones work together to prevent pregnancy and postpone periods.

When you insert the NuvaRing into your vagina, it will release a dose of these hormones. You should insert the ring for three weeks at a time. Each month, the NuvaRing is removed for a week to accommodate the monthly period. However, since you want to skip your period, you should keep it in for an extra fourth week.

What to Keep in Mind

How many pills do you have?

In order to skip your period when needed, you have to make sure that you have just enough pill packs. For example, if you only want to skip one period, then you must have two packs of pills.

The first pack will be used for the current month, and the second one for the next.

How many pills did you take?

You have to know how much pills you have taken because you have to start the next pack on the placebo week of your previous pack. The placebo week is your fourth week of taking the first pack.

Can you pick up a prescription?

There were cases where insurance companies didn’t allow women to pick up a prescription early. Research this a bit so that you can prepare yourself on time.

How to Skip a Period with the Pill

The following procedure must be followed as explained to make sure that you skip a period properly:

  1. Take your pills before the exact month during which you want to skip a period. – Talk to your doctor to find out precisely when you should start taking pills.
  2. After you have taken all of the active pills in the pack, take the “day one” pill from your next pack. You should take this pill on the day that you would have taken your first inactive (placebo) pill.
  3. Continue taking pills in your new pack.
  4. Your period should return when you get to the placebo pills in the new pack.

The placebo pills are typically avoided when trying to skip your period. These inactive pills are merely sugar pills that you don’t actually need.

Keep in mind that there might still be some spotting at the time when you want to skip your period, but it shouldn’t last more than a day or two. Also, remember that you are more likely to experience slight spotting with multiphasic pills.

The Final Words

These are the safest and most effective methods that can help you skip a period. If you have never used pills before, it is recommended to talk to your doctor first. Aside from pills, the second safest method is the NuvaRing.

Consider your options with your gynecologist and get all of the information needed to make sure that you successfully skip your period. Also, keep in mind that your body might need some time to adjust to your new cycle.

Now that you know how to skip a period, you can freely plan ahead your vacation, business trips, or just a long weekend getaway.

 

References:

https://www.wikihow.com/Skip-a-Period
https://www.verywellhealth.com/skipping-your-period-with-the-pill-906926
https://www.verywellhealth.com/withdrawal-bleeding-906612
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4075955
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2621397

Health

How Long Does a Stomach Virus Last and What Can You Do to Aid Recovery?

Written By: Arch
Arch

There’s no cure for the common cold and that adage also extends to the flu. Unfortunately, the only thing you can do if you have a stomach virus is to wait it out.

But how long does a stomach virus last and how long will you have to wait? You probably live a very busy life, so knowing how long the virus may last would help you re-schedule your activities.

In this article, you will find out how long it could take you to recover in full. You will also find out how long you’re contagious and what you should do to speed up recovery. There may be no cure for the virus, but there’s no reason why you can’t help your immune system fight it.

Stomach Virus Overview

What exactly is a stomach virus? A stomach virus is sometimes called the stomach flu or viral gastroenteritis, which is its official medical name. Contrary to popular belief because of the name, it isn’t actually a stomach bug. A stomach virus or stomach flu is an infection in the intestines.

You may get a stomach virus from the usual viral suspects like:

  • rotavirus
  • norovirus
  • adenovirus

Bacterial infections like salmonella and E. coli may give you similar symptoms to a stomach virus. But ironically, the actual flu (or influenza) virus doesn’t have anything to do with the stomach flu.

Symptoms

Most people have gotten a stomach virus at some point in their lives. Symptoms range from mild to severe and may include the following:

  • mild fever (sometimes)
  • loss of appetite
  • diarrhea
  • stomach cramps
  • vomiting

Vomiting caused by a stomach virus may subside in a day or two. However, diarrhea could go on for days after the vomiting has stopped. If a child contracts a stomach virus, they usually stop vomiting within 24 hours of the first symptoms appearing. But as in adults, diarrhea may continue to linger for a day or two afterward.

How Long Are You Contagious?

If you have a stomach virus, it is best to quarantine yourself as soon as symptoms appear because it is very contagious. Actual contagion time may vary depending on which virus you have.

For example, norovirus is one of the more common viruses that can cause the stomach flu. If you have this particular virus, you’re contagious as soon as the first symptoms appear and will remain contagious for several days after the symptoms go away.

On the other hand, rotavirus becomes contagious1 to 3 days before the symptoms even make an appearance. Unfortunately, during this incubation period, you may not know that you are sick and may inadvertently infect others. Furthermore, this common childhood virus is contagious up to 2 weeks after recovering from symptoms.

How Long Does a Stomach Virus Last?

Stomach viruses generally have an incubation period of 1-3 days. During this time, you probably won’t have any symptoms. When the symptoms appear, however, they generally last between no longer than a day or two.

Keep in mind that the symptoms can linger for as long as 10 days. This may be especially true for people with weakened immune systems like the elderly.

What Is the Difference Between Food Poisoning, Seasonal Flu, and Stomach Flu?

Unlike a virus, food poisoning happens almost immediately after eating something contaminated. Although food poisoning has similar symptoms to a stomach virus, it isn’t contagious.

In addition, stomach viruses and seasonal flu hit the body differently. Stomach viruses typically have symptoms that center around the gastrointestinal system. On the other hand, seasonal flu has cold-like symptoms that affect the entire body and the respiratory system.

What Can You Do?

For most people with healthy immune systems, getting a stomach virus isn’t serious. However, it can be dangerous for vulnerable groups like the elderly, infants, toddlers, and children. Because stomach viruses can lead to dehydration, it is important to get them treated as soon as possible.

Home Remedies

Like seasonal flu, one of the best ways to make a full and speedy recovery is hydration and rest. If you can’t drink fluids, though, it’s still important to avoid dehydration. Try the following options instead:

  • ice chips
  • popsicles
  • small sips of liquid

Once you can tolerate it, incorporate more liquids like:

  • energy drinks (sugar-free)
  • clear broth
  • water

In addition, you should avoid eating too much too soon even if you feel hungry. And if you’re still vomiting, you shouldn’t eat at all.

As soon as you have stopped vomiting and can tolerate food again, try incorporating a bland diet. A BRAT diet is a good choice. This low-fiber, starchy diet includes foods like:

  • bananas
  • rice
  • applesauce
  • toast

These foods help your body reduce diarrhea and firm up the stools. Remember to choose low-fiber bread like dry white bread and sugar-free applesauce. You can slowly add other easily digestible foods as you start to feel better. Go for plain crackers and plain baked potatoes.

No matter how much you’re tempted, you need to avoid foods that can further irritate your stomach. These foods may also trigger further bouts of diarrhea and nausea. This includes:

  • dairy products
  • foods high in sugar
  • greasy or fatty foods
  • high-fiber foods
  • caffeinated drinks
  • spicy foods
  • foods that are hard to digest like beef

In general, it may be best to stop your regular diet until the symptoms subside completely. Instead, focus on rest and hydration. With enough time, you’ll be back to your regular diet without setbacks.

Final Thought

How long does a stomach virus last? Symptoms can last anywhere between 1 and 10 days. There’s no specific medical treatment for a stomach virus. However, most healthy adults can recover on their own.

The most important things to focus on if you have a stomach virus are home care and recovery. Make sure to get adequate rest and hydration. If you can’t keep liquids down, sucking on ice chips may be an option until your stomach settles.

In addition, don’t be quick to jump back into your regular diet. It could trigger more nausea and diarrhea. Instead, go for bland, easy-to-digest foods.

Lastly, monitor anyone with a compromised immune system closely. A stomach virus can be deadly for infants, young children, and the elderly. Watch for signs of dehydration, and don’t be hesitant to call your doctor if the symptoms seem to get worse.

 

References:

https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-long-does-the-stomach-flu-last-770284
https://www.healthline.com/health/brat-diet

Health

How Often Should You Shower?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Cleanliness has come a long way in contemporary times. With indoor plumbing and luxury hygiene products, it is easier than ever to just hop in the shower and wash up. If you are like most people, you probably shower at least once a day. Whether in the morning or at night, we’ve gotten used to showering at the beginning or end of the day, sometimes more depending on our daily activities.

But how often should you shower? There’s no one right answer to that question. However, showering too little or too much may be detrimental, so keep reading to find out why it’s important to find the right balance.

How Often Should You Shower?

There is no universal rule as to how often one should shower. People have different cleanliness needs and everyone’s body is different.

In addition, some participate in activities that may require showering more often than others. So due to unique lifestyles and skin, the frequency of showering varies from person to person.

As a general rule, you may be able to get away with showering every other day. Modern hygiene products may keep most of the offensive body odors at bay, so waiting to shower on every second or third day may be okay.

However, some people simply need to shower daily. Humid environments, jobs where you get dirty or sweaty, and personal body odor may necessitate a shower a day.

What Happens When You Don’t Shower Enough?

Some people don’t feel the need to shower often, or they’re in a situation wherein they can’t take a shower. For example, people who hike into remote areas may not have access to fresh water to bathe in. Alternatively, an illness like the flu may make it difficult to get out of bed to take a shower.

Generally, going without a shower for days at a time won’t cause lasting damage. But, of course, you may start giving off an unpleasant scent after a few days. Sweat glands are all over your body, and when you’re stressed, hormonal, overheated, or physically active, they’ll produce sweat.

Furthermore, infrequent showering may also cause a buildup on the skin. Dirt, dead skin cells, and sweat may trigger acne all over your body, not just on the face. It can make other conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis worse, too.

Not showering enough may also eventually cause an imbalance on the skin. The skin on your body is host to a myriad of bacteria, both good and bad. However, too much of the bad bacteria may increase your risk of skin infections.

In addition, you may eventually develop dermatitis neglecta. This is a skin condition that usually appears as a result of not cleansing the skin regularly or properly. When it occurs, patches of plaque or scales develop on the skin.

Showering removes dead skin cells, but not doing it enough causes those cells to stick to your skin. If you don’t bathe enough, hyperpigmentation may develop over time as a result. Luckily, the condition is reversible when you start practicing good hygiene habits again.

What Happens When You Shower Too Much?

When it comes to showering, doing it too often may be too much of a good thing. You may experience uncomfortable symptoms like:

  • dry, brittle hair
  • dry, flaky skin
  • itching
  • skin condition flare-ups like psoriasis and eczema

If you absolutely can’t skip a shower, try to limit it to one a day. Taking more may strip natural oils from your skin. This may cause your skin to feel itchy and lead to cracking, flaking, and redness. Additionally, removing essential oils from your skin may also cause dryness that can lead to inflammation or eczema.

Washing too often could also remove good bacteria from your skin. This, in turn, may put you at higher risk for infections. If you have skin conditions, more than one shower daily can also trigger a flare-up.

Skin health isn’t the only thing to worry about. Showers use up a lot of water, approximately 17.2 gallons for the average 8-minute shower. As such, frequent showering may raise your utility bill.

Healthy Bathing Tips

So how do you keep your skin healthy and your water bills down? Take a look at these helpful tips:

Don’t Take Hot Showers

It may be tempting to dive into a hot shower, but they are very drying for your skin and hair. Instead, try to stick with warm showers.

Limit Your Showers to One Per Day

If at all possible, try to limit your showers to one a day. Even better, try to go a day without bathing and take a sponge bath with a washcloth instead.

Make sure to wash areas like your groin, armpits, and face daily even if you don’t bathe the rest of your body.

Use a Gentle Cleanser

Don’t disrupt the delicate balance of your skin’s oils. Try to choose gentle soaps and cleansers for your daily showers. Also, make sure that the cleanser is rinsed off completely before leaving the shower.

Time Your Showers

Next, keep that water bill down. Think about timing your showers. Limit them to only 5 to 10 minutes at a time.

Use Moisturizer

Lastly, it is important to replenish your skin after a shower, especially if you tend to take them hot. Apply a moisturizer to your skin after each shower.

Final Thought

How often should you shower? The correct answer depends on your own individual needs. At most, you should shower once a day. But depending on the circumstances, you can go 2 to 3 days between shower days.

Showering guidelines don’t apply to how often you should wash your hands and face, though. You should still wash your hands frequently throughout the day. Washing your face is also a must to remove makeup, dirt, and oil for the day.

Finally, regardless of how often you shower, don’t forget the healthy bathing guidelines. Hot showers can strip the skin of important moisture and so can harsh cleansers. So what you use to take your showers may be as important as how often you take one.

 

References:

https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/how-often-should-you-shower#1
https://www.healthline.com/health/dermatitis-neglecta
https://www.aad.org/public/ask-a-dermatologist/do-long-hot-showers-damage-your-skin
https://www.home-water-works.org/indoor-use/showers

Health

How to Stop a Muscle Twitch

Written By: Arch
Arch

Muscle twitches are a common problem, affecting people of all ages. Also called muscle fasciculation, they occur when the nerve controlling the muscle fibers gets stimulated.

Muscle twitches are usually harmless and tend to go away on their own in a matter of days. They are commonly caused by stress, dehydration, and low levels of some important nutrients. However , they might sometimes be a symptom of a serious nerve or muscle disease.

Keep reading to find out what causes a muscle twitch, how to stop a muscle twitch, and when to see a doctor.

Causes

Many conditions and behaviors can cause a muscle to twitch. These problems are usually minor and the twitches they cause are harmless. Here are the most common minor causes:

  • Accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles after a hard training
  • Excessive intake of caffeine and other stimulants
  • Excessive intake of alcohol and nicotine
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Low levels of vitamin B, vitamin D, and calcium
  • Eye irritation that causes the eyelid to twitch
  • Adverse reaction to estrogen pills, corticosteroids, and diuretics

However, some serious conditions can cause your muscles to twitch, as well. Here are the most common of them:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a condition that kills nerve cells. Twitches usually start in arms and legs.
  • Isaac’s syndrome. It is a condition that targets the nerves responsible for muscle fiber stimulation. Frequent spasms in arms and legs are among the main symptoms.
  • Spinal muscular atrophy. It affects the motor nerve cells and impairs muscle movement control. Tongue twitches are among the common symptoms.
  • Muscular dystrophies. These are inherited diseases that weaken and damage the muscles. Face and neck twitches are common symptoms.

How to Stop a Muscle Twitch

Even though a muscle twitch is usually nothing to be worried about, it can be irritating and cause a great deal of discomfort. If you find it too bothersome, there are several things you can do to make it go away faster. Let’s see how to stop a muscle twitch.

Get Plenty of Rest

Muscle twitches are more likely to happen when you are tired or don’t get sufficient rest. Make sure to get enough sleep during the night, at least six to seven hours, to let your body recuperate. Also, if you feel exceptionally tired during the day, it might be a good idea to take a nap in the afternoon.

While there is no definitive scientific proof that resting and sleeping alleviate the problems with twitches, getting sufficient shut eye can help your body relax and recover properly. In turn, it will be able to manage the nerve impulses better.

Massage

A good massage can help relieve tension and stress, so you might consider giving yourself one if you have a twitching muscle. Put your thumbs on the problematic muscle and start gently moving them around. The slow movement might help release the tension that’s causing the muscle to twitch.

Be careful and take notice of how the massage is affecting the muscle. If it starts to hurt or twitch more than before the massage, stop massaging it.

If your eye is twitching, you might gently massage the temple or the area around the eye. Don’t rub the eye, as you might irritate it.

Stretch

If you have a twitching muscle, you might want to try to stretch a little bit. Light stretching can help relax the muscles in your body, thus also alleviating twitching.

Make sure to start gently, especially in the area where the muscle is twitching. Avoid sudden and sharp moves and take your time.

If you are doing yoga, you might want to do a pose that stretches the muscle that’s giving you trouble. Again, take it slow and be gentle. As with all previous methods, if the twitching intensifies or the pain worsens, stop what you’re doing.

Reduce Stress

Emotional stress can frequently cause physical problems. Sometimes, it can cause your muscles to twitch.

You can try to relax with meditation. Turn off the computer and TV and sit down with your back straight and legs crossed in front of you. Close your eyes and concentrate on your breathing. Meditation helps relax the muscles in addition to its countless other health benefits.

A regular exercise regimen can significantly reduce your stress levels. It keeps your body in shape, helps clear your mind, and allows you to focus better. Having a hobby and spending quality time with friends and family can reduce stress, as well.

Excessive worrying about the twitch can raise your anxiety and stress levels and, in turn, make the twitch even worse. So, try not to worry too much about it.

Cut Back on Caffeine and Energy Drinks

Coffee and energy drinks are great when you need a boost. They can sharpen your focus and make you more motivated. The downside, however, is that they also make your nerves more tense, which can cause your muscles to twitch.

So, if a muscle in your body is twitching, you might want to refrain from coffee and energy drinks until the twitching stops. If you can’t cut them out completely, minimize their intake.

Also, it would be advisable to reduce the intake even after your muscle stops twitching. Consider switching to half-caffeinated coffee and mildly caffeinated tea.

Change Your Medications

Muscle twitches can also be caused by certain medications, such as estrogen, diuretics, and corticosteroids. If you’re taking some of these and your muscles start switching, tell your doctor about it and discuss the possibility of changing your therapy.

Don’t change your medications on your own. You also shouldn’t stop taking them on your own because your muscles started to twitch. Always consult your doctor prior to any medication changes.

Don’t Drink Alcohol

Drinking alcohol can cause a huge range of health problems. In excessive amounts, it can cause dehydration which, in turn, can trigger muscle twitches. Therefore, you should cut back on your alcohol intake. If possible, consider abstaining from alcohol completely.

When to See a Doctor

Muscle twitches are generally harmless and often don’t warrant any special medical attention. They typically go away on their own in a day or two.

However, sometimes muscle twitches might be a signal of a deeper underlying problem. You should go see a doctor if any of the below applies to you:

  • The twitch is persistent and lasts more than 14 days.
  • The twitch affects multiple muscles in your body.
  • You feel weakness in the affected area.
  • You suspect that some of the medications you’re taking might be causing your twitches.

Final Thoughts

A muscle twitch can happen any time and affect any muscle in your body. It is usually completely harmless and will go away without a treatment.

How to stop a muscle twitch? You can relax, meditate, do yoga, stretch, and sleep more. Also, consider ditching caffeinated and energy drinks, alcohol, and cigarettes.

Finally, if you suspect that some of your medication is causing your twitches or that you might have a muscle or nerve disease, visit your doctor as soon as possible.

 

References:

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/twitching-eyes-and-muscles
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003296.htm
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354022

Health

How to Treat Ringworm

Written By: Arch

Ringworm can be caused by three different types of fungi – epidermophyton, microsporum, and trichophyton. It can affect both animals and humans and is commonly transmitted through direct physical contact. It can also be spread by sharing clothes and personal items with an infected person. Ringworm is more frequent among children than adults with one influential study finding that ringworm fungus was found on 7 percent of the children in a major city school system. Read on to find out how to recognize and treat ringworm.

Symptoms

The infection usually manifests in the form of a red or silver rash. The rash can be itchy, swollen, dry, or scaly. Usually, the rash patches are ring-shaped with red borders. It is also common to have multiple rashes concentrated in a single area. Over time, ringworm patches may start to ooze or turn into blisters.

It is worth noting that any area of the body can be affected. Depending on where it happens, ringworm has different names.

Types of Ringworm

There are four basic types of ringworm, commonly known as ringworm of the body, ringworm of the scalp, athlete’s foot, and jock itch. Here’s a brief explanation of each.

  • Tinea corporis (body ringworm). This type affects the torso and is usually manifested in ring-shaped patches where the outer ring is darker than the center.
  • Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm). This type of ringworm affects the scalp. In the initial stages, tinea capitis takes the form of small sores. As the condition progresses, the sores transform into scaly bald patches accompanied by itch.
  • Tinea Pedis (athlete’s foot). The most common cause of athlete’s foot is walking barefoot in a locker room, swimming pool, or public shower.
  • Tinea Cruris (jock itch). This type usually appears on the inner thighs, buttocks, and groin area. It manifests in the shape of dark patches. It can be accompanied by itching and burning sensations.

Diagnosis

The most common way to diagnose ringworm is by skin examination. Your doctor might also use a black light to examine your skin. Under black light, the affected areas will glow, thus signifying ringworm infection. Additionally, you might be required to go through some tests, such as a skin biopsy, fungal culture, or KOH exam. In the case of KOH exam, the doctor will submerge a sample of your skin in potassium hydroxide (KOH) to tell whether it’s a fungal infection or other skin disorders.

Treatment

If you’ve been wondering how to treat ringworm, the good news is that there are numerous ways to do it. The bad news is that it may take a considerable amount of time to get rid of completely. Here’s a quick overview of some of the most widely used methods.

Wear Comfortable Clothes

Even if it may seem logical at first to keep the ringworm tightly covered and bandaged, it is not a good idea. Bandages and tight clothing lock the moisture inside and impede the healing process. Instead, you should let the rash breathe. Wear comfy clothes and let air circulate around the rash. That way, it will heal faster.

Don’t Stay in Wet Underwear

If there’s one thing that ringworms like, it is moisture. Moisture helps them thrive and spread. If you sweat a lot (i.e. do physically hard work or exercise), make sure you change into fresh and dry underwear regularly. This goes for the socks, as well. When showering, use antifungal soap. After the shower, apply antifungal lotion or powder.

Use Antifungal Topical Cream

Oftentimes, ringworm infection can be treated successfully with over-the-counter antifungals. Go to your local drugstore or an online store and buy an antifungal lotion, cream, or powder. Before applying, make sure to thoroughly clean the affected area and let it dry completely.

When it’s dry, apply the topical as prescribed. Make sure to spread a thin layer of the cream/lotion beyond the affected area (some 2-3cm) and let the skin absorb the medication entirely before putting your clothes on.

Wash Your Hair with Antifungal Shampoo

In case you have ringworm on your scalp (tinea capitis), you should buy an antifungal shampoo. Shampoos formulated to combat ringworm stop the growth of the fungus so that your immune system can take over and get rid of it. Additionally, many of them also kill bacteria and soothe inflammation.

You can find antifungal shampoo in grocery stores and drugstores. Your best bet is a shampoo with active ingredients such as ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, or selenium sulfide. Make sure to follow the instructions on the package. That being said, antifungal shampoo is best used in combination with oral medication.

Wash the Bedding Regularly

If you have ringworm, make sure to wash or change your sheets daily. If you sleep in the same linen several nights in a row, you will only prolong the time it takes to solve the issue and get rid of the infection. Due to it being highly contagious, ringworm can affect your partner if you share the same bedding.

To speed up the healing process, you should wash all your clothes regularly. Use hot water and soap. You can also use Borax and bleach in addition to the detergent. These two (bleach and borax) are very effective at killing fungal spores.

Coconut Oil

Thanks to its antifungal and antimicrobial properties, coconut oil can help you in ringworm treatment. It is best used as an ingredient in topical creams and antifungal shampoos because it is a good natural hair conditioner.

If you opt to use coconut oil, you should first warm it up until it becomes liquid. Then, apply it to the part of the skin that’s affected by ringworm. Let the skin absorb it completely before putting your clothes on. Make sure you apply the oil a minimum of three times a day.

Tea Tree Oil

This is one of the oldest methods for treating fungal and bacterial infections. Native Australians were the first to use it for medical purposes. Tea tree oil remains as one of the most popular as well as effective treatments for fungal skin infections (including ringworm).

Like the other oils and creams, tea tree oil should be applied directly to the affected area. Apply it two to three times a day. If you have sensitive skin, make sure to mix it with coconut oil to avoid irritation.

Turmeric

Turmeric is another efficient way to combat fungal infection. Grind fresh turmeric (turmeric spice powder will do, as well) and add some water. Mix the two until you get a paste. Apply the paste to the affected areas of your skin and let it dry completely. Turmeric tea and turmeric water can also be taken orally.

Apple Cider Vinegar

You can also use apple cider vinegar to combat ringworm rashes. First, pour some vinegar into a glass or bowl. Soak a cotton ball in the vinegar and brush the affected areas of your skin. Do it two to three times a day.

Aloe Vera

Aloe vera has many health benefits and can also be used for treating fungal and bacterial infections. It is commonly available as aloe vera gels and as an ingredient in antifungal ointments and creams. Make sure to apply the gel or cream at a minimum of three times a day.

Final Thoughts

Ringworm is not something that should be overlooked and ignored. If you notice ringworm patches on your skin, apply some of the remedies described in this article and schedule an appointment with your doctor as soon as possible.

It is essential to act quickly to prevent it from spreading, as well as to minimize the chances of transmitting the infection to your partner or other family members and friends.

If you have ringworm, make sure to maintain a high level of personal hygiene. Also, refrain from sharing personal items such as brushes, towels, and clothes with other people.

References:

https://ehs.unc.edu/manuals/biological/chapter-8/dermatophytes/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/tinea-corporis
http://www.bad.org.uk/for-the-public/patient-information-leaflets/tinea-capitis/
https://medlineplus.gov/athletesfoot.html
https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/tinea-cruris/
https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/ringworm-myths-facts#1
https://www.webmd.com/children/news/20100419/ringworm-is-common-among-school-age-kids#
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ringworm-body/symptoms-causes/syc-20353780
Health

How Long Does CBD Oil Last – The Things You Should Know About Its Effects and Potency

Written By: Arch

CBD oil is becoming the go-to remedy for treating various conditions. It is known to be beneficial for skin irritations, itchiness, and joint pain. The oil may also help you sleep and it’s a treatment for chronic nausea. Some people even use it as a natural medication to cope with stress and improve their mood.

But how long does CBD oil last? The answer to this question depends on several factors. You need to consider the amount of oil you consume, as well as the consumption method. Your age, weight, and overall health play an important role in determining how long the effects will last.

But first, learn more about the oil itself to get a better understanding of how it works.

What Is CBD Oil?

CBD is a cannabidiol oil and a special marijuana extract. But unlike most other marijuana products, it doesn’t have any intoxicating effects. This is because CBD doesn’t target the same receptors as its cousin Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Humans have a built-in endocannabinoid system which receives signals once a cannabinoid is ingested. To be more precise, CBD affects the molecular pathways in your body to deliver its beneficial effects.

These beneficial properties have been recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In 2018, the FDA approved Epidiolex, a CBD oral solution, for treating seizures that come from some severe and rare types of epilepsy.

How Long Does CBD Oil Last?

Depending on the usage and your metabolism, you should be able to feel the effects of CBD oil for 2 to 6 hours. Topical products usually have a long-lasting punch, capsules are somewhere in between, and you metabolize the edibles very quickly.

The body holds detectable traces of CBD for up to four days after consumption. But this doesn’t mean you’ll feel the benefits for up to four days. The retention is associated with the time it takes the body to process CBD.

How Fast Does CBD Oil Work?

It may take anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours for the effects to kick in. The consumption method, serving size, and the type of symptoms you are treating all play a role.

Sublingual ingestion and vaping are by far the quickest methods and they can make you feel better in a matter of minutes. Edibles may take up to a few hours, while topical products are not far behind. Your skin needs some time to absorb topicals and you have to keep the treated area well moisturized over an extended period of time.

But you shouldn’t expect CBD oil to be a quick fix, regardless of the consumption method. It is also important to start with a small amount and gradually increase the dosage. Talking to your physician doesn’t hurt either, especially if you take other medicine or suffer from a chronic condition.

Different Consumption Methods

Each body and metabolism is unique, so don’t expect a method to work great for you just because it works for your friends. But, as previously mentioned, certain types of consumption deliver faster results than others.

Vaping

By vaping, you take CBD directly into the lungs and it doesn’t reach the digestive tract. The vapor enters the bloodstream from the lungs, and you usually feel the effects in a minute or so.

Some people vape all throughout the day, to make full use of the oil’s beneficial properties. Nevertheless, it is recommended to stay under 10 milligrams if you are new to CBD.

Sublingual Ingestion

CBD tinctures for sublingual ingestion come in the form of dropper bottles and sprays. You might feel the first effects in half an hour. However, it can take up to 90 minutes for the tincture to kick in.

Like vaping, sublingual ingestion bypasses the digestive tract and allows CBD to reach the bloodstream faster.

The dosage you get from a single burst of a CBD spray may vary. In general, one burst means about 3.1 milligrams, but it can be as little as 1.25 milligrams.

Creams and Lotions

Topical products are slow to take effect but the effects usually last for much longer. You can feel them for five or more hours. These creams, oils, and lotions target the CB2 receptors in the skin, and so they trigger the endocannabinoid system. With this method, CBD doesn’t enter your bloodstream, which is one of the reasons the effects appear slowly.

You should know that CBD is a potent antioxidant. It prevents damage from free radicals that may cause premature signs of aging, wrinkles, and abnormal skin pigmentation.

Capsules and Edibles

CBD capsules and edibles come in different shapes and forms. There are brownies, gummies, and even delicious CBD chocolate bars. Upon consumption, you should feel the first benefits in about an hour. And you might expedite the results if you take the edibles or capsules on an empty stomach.

The Proper Dosage

In general, it is wise to start with doses of 2 or 3 milligrams and slowly increase them, depending on the way you react to the substance. This gives your body a chance to adjust to CBD oil. What’s more, sensible CBD oil intake minimizes the chances of side effects.

You should stop increasing the dose as soon as you feel relief from the symptoms. And if the symptoms get worse, you need to lower the serving or give up on CBD oil altogether.

Are There Any Side Effects?

Research suggests that CBD oil can be associated with certain negative effects.

Some of the minor side effects may include a dry mouth, mood and appetite changes, and drowsiness. But, besides treating anxiety, CBD oil is also known to induce it. In addition, this cannabidiol can be the reason behind nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

There is some speculation that the substance increases liver enzyme levels. Keep in mind that high levels of the enzyme are a common indicator of liver inflammation or damage.

On the bright side, if you take the proper dose and closely monitor your body’s responses, there is no need to worry too much.

To Wrap Up

How long does CBD oil last? According to the presented information, the benefits of CBD oil may last up to five or more hours. And if you take the oil orally or vape it, you should be able to feel the desired relief almost instantly.

Besides the consumption method and your metabolism, the quality of your chosen CBD oil product is also an important factor. You need to do thorough research before you start with a particular option. Remember, CBD oil production is still largely unregulated, so you need to ensure you are getting the best oil there is.

 

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/
https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm611046.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1573017/
https://www.livescience.com/24553-what-is-thc.html

https://www.pain-health.com/blog/5-ways-consume-cbd

Health

Taking Care of Your Pet: Does Mold Affect Your Cat or Dog?

Written By: Arch
Arch

Molds are fungi that grow in the form of hyphae, main mode of vegetative growth. They have an important role in the ecosystem as they help in the biodegradation of organic matter.

Although there are more than a thousand species of molds, they all require the same conditions in order to grow. You will learn more about these conditions later in the article.

If you are a pet owner, you have to familiarize yourself with the effect that molds have on your pet and yourself. So, does mold affect your cat or dog?

Are Molds Dangerous for Your Pet’s Health?

There are molds that can cause very serious health problems in pets. This usually happens if the pet ingests the mold or even inhales it.

Provided that all of the environmental requirements are met, molds can grow everywhere. You can find them both indoors and outdoors. Molds are usually found in rotting trees, soil, and food thrown in the garbage. But what makes molds dangerous?

You see, there are molds that produce mycotoxins, which are toxic chemical substances. The name “mycotoxins” is actually derived from two Greek words: fungus and poison.

Mycotoxins don’t only harm pets but humans as well.

As mentioned, not all molds are poisonous. Still, there are quite a number of molds that can harm you and your pet. Some of the most common species that are considered dangerous include:

  • Penicillium
  • Fusarium
  • Cladosporium
  • Aspergillus
  • Stachybotrys

If you or your pet are exposed to these molds, you could experience symptoms like coughing or sneezing. Exposure to these molds can sometimes cause neurological problems in humans. In rare cases, mold exposure may even have a lethal outcome.

How Does Mold Affect Your Cat or Dog?

If your pet inhales toxic mold, you may notice one or more of the following symptoms:

  • Rapid breathing
  • Coughing
  • Sneezing
  • Wheezing
  • Nasal discharge
  • Bleeding from the nose or mouth
  • Lethargy
  • Excessive scratching, chewing, and licking that can lead to sores

If a toxic mold is ingested, the symptoms may include:

  • Loss of appetite
  • Vomiting
  • Changes in stool
  • Problems with the gastrointestinal tract
  • Allergic reactions like excessive scratching, chewing, or licking that can lead to loss of fur

As a rule, starting treatment early is the best way to ensure its effectiveness and restore your pet’s health, so the sooner you notice these symptoms, the better. However, if you fail to notice these symptoms or decide not to treat your dog’s condition, mold exposure could lead to terrible consequences such as organ damage or death.

Where Do Molds Usually Appear?

As explained above, molds can be found both indoors and outdoors. More specifically, molds tend to thrive in areas that meet the following conditions:

  • Moisture – This is the most important condition as molds need moisture in order to spread and grow.
  • Food – Outdoor vegetation, building materials, as well as indoor materials (porous ones especially) like ceiling, wood, paint, and carpet are all considered mold food.
  • Optimal Temperatures – The ideal temperature for mold growth is between 70 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit. However, they can survive even in non-optimal temperatures

With that being said, you can expect to find molds in the following areas:

Steamy Spaces

All areas that can get steamy and humid are considered steamy spaces. They include your kitchen, bathroom, laundry room, etc.

Cluttered Places

Clutters, heating, and ventilation can block the airflow, which can lead to condensation. Condensation can create a moist environment which, as you now know, is perfect for molds.

Air Conditioning Ducts

Molds can even grow and survive in organic matter, standing water, and in your air conditioning ducts due to the condensation that creates a moist environment.

That’s why you need to check your air conditioning ducts and remember to perform preventative maintenance every now and then.

Refrigerator

Standing water can be found in a refrigerator drip pan. This environment is perfect for molds.

If you have leaking pipes, you can also expect to find molds.

How to Get Rid of Molds

Like all other things in life, when it comes to molds, it’s better to be safe than sorry.

Here is what you should do to prevent molds from growing inside your home.

  • Make sure that your kitchen and bathroom are both equipped with fans and ventilation systems.
  • Keep the interior of your home as dry as you possibly can. That means that you need to repair leaky pipes, windows, roof, and other areas that might create a fertile breeding ground for molds.
  • If water does manage to get inside your home, make sure to clean it as fast and as thoroughly as possible.

If it is too late and you find areas affected by molds, you can either buy a do-it-yourself kit or call a professional.

When it comes to your pets, aside from ensuring that your home isn’t affected by molds, you should also develop these habits in order to keep them safe:

  • Wash your cat’s or dog’s food bowl at least once a day
  • Wash your cat’s or dog’s toys at least two times a week
  • Make sure that your pet food is in a sealed container in a dry area
  • Wash your pet’s bedding immediately if it becomes damp

It goes without saying that being careful where you walk your pet and where you allow it to go on its own has a lot to do with keeping it away from molds. Also, it is always a good idea to buy a dehumidifier if the weather is humid.

The Final Words

Although not all molds are toxic, there are species that can cause terrible damage to both your and your pet’s health. Whether inhaled or ingested, toxic molds can cause a variety of symptoms in your pet, ranging from mild to potentially life-threatening.

Molds thrive in humid conditions with insufficient ventilation. As such, the best way to protect your pet’s health is to ensure that all the areas in your home are dry and properly ventilated.

 

References:

https://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2017/06/09/pets-toxic-mold-exposure.aspx
https://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2017/05/08/mycotoxin-poisoning-pets.aspx
https://www.dogsnaturallymagazine.com/the-dangers-of-mold-exposure-for-dogs
http://www.masslocalinstitute.info/Mold/Mold3.html
https://www.petmd.com/dog/slideshows/mold-poisoning-pets-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

Health

Ingrown Hair on Vagina – What to Do?

Written By: Arch

Having any kind of problems or health issues in one’s privates can certainly be unsettling. Aside from the embarrassment and inconvenience, problems in the genital area can also have serious repercussions on your health.

Ingrown pubic hair is among the most common problems a woman can experience. Usually, it is completely harmless, though it can be painful and hard to get rid of in some cases. Also, ingrown hairs can cause serious complications if they become infected. Sometimes, they might even look like a herpes breakout.

Just discovered some ingrown hair on vagina? What to do? Read on to find out more about the causes and treatment methods, how to tell ingrown hair from herpes, and how to prevent the problem from reoccurring.

Ingrown Pubic Hair 101

Ingrown pubic hair shows up as pustules or papules. Pustules are pus-filled red bumps, while papules are small red bumps without the pus. Sometimes, the skin surrounding the area might grow darker as a result. This condition is called hyperpigmentation.

Itching is one of the most common symptoms associated with ingrown pubic hair. You may also experience redness, swelling, and pain.

Ingrown pubic hair (similar to ingrown hair on other parts of the body) is the result of the hair turning back and growing under the skin, instead of through the skin. When that happens, your body treats the ingrown hair as an alien object and that’s how the papules and pustules come about.

Sometimes, the ingrown hair might get infected and further complicate the matter. If it’s infected, the bump will grow and become filled with pus.

Women with coarse or particularly curly hair run a higher risk of ingrown pubic hair. Also, shaving or waxing is more likely to cause the hair to grow beneath the skin than other hair removal methods.

Ingrown Hair or Herpes

Sometimes, ingrown pubic hair can be hard to tell from a herpes breakout. This can put even more stress on an already stressful situation. Here’s how to tell ingrown hair from herpes.

  • Herpes. Herpes is caused by one of two types of the herpes simplex virus – HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-2 is currently more prevalent, found in around 20% of adult Americans, where a majority of the cases are dormant and the carriers even aware of having the virus. If not, the most common symptoms include very small bumps (typically less than 2mm), yellow discharge, headache, tenderness, repeated outbreaks, and cluster outbreaks. HSV-2 is transmitted through sexual contact, while HSV-1 can be transmitted through kissing, as well. There is no cure for herpes at the moment of this writing, though various treatments exist.
  • Ingrown hair. The main differences would be the lack of fever and headache, as ingrown hair doesn’t affect your immune system. Also, any pus would be white in color. Ingrown hair mostly shows up as single sores, while herpes is prone to cluster outbreaks.

Treatment Methods

If you have an ingrown hair on vagina, “what to do about it” is the most logical question that can pop into your mind. Luckily, ingrown hair in the pubic area (and other areas, as well) typically clears up without a need for any treatment. In case the hair doesn’t start growing through the skin on its own, there are several things you can try.

  • Pull the hair out gently. When the ingrown hair appears above the skin, you can use a pair of sterile tweezers to gently pull it. Make sure not to pull it out completely, as that will result in the skin closing up over the remaining portion of the hair beneath the surface.
  • Stop shaving and waxing. It is recommended to refrain from all types of hair removal in the affected area until the problem is solved to prevent irritation, infection, and other complications.
  • Get rid of dead skin. You can also try gently washing and exfoliating the affected area to remove the dead skin cells.
  • Topical creams. In the case of severe inflammation and excessive redness, your doctor might prescribe a steroid cream to relieve the irritation and swelling.
  • Retinoid treatment. You can’t buy retinoids over the counter. They’ll have to be prescribed by your healthcare provider. They can help with the dead cells and discolored patches around the affected area. Retinoids are not recommended for pregnant women, as they may be very harmful to unborn babies.

Home Remedies for Ingrown Pubic Hairs

There’s also a wide range of home and OTC remedies and methods that you can try. It is advisable to consult your doctor before trying any of these.

Baking Soda

You can use baking soda for exfoliation of the affected area. It can also help with the inflammation. You should pour 1 tbsp of baking soda into a glass of water and apply the mixture to the affected area. Wash it off with only water.

Sugar

Mix table sugar with honey or olive oil to make an exfoliation paste. Apply the paste to the affected area and wash it with water afterward. The sugar/honey and sugar/olive oil mixtures will help get rid of the bacteria and moisturize your skin.

Tea Tree Oil

If you opt for tea tree oil, make sure to mix it with water before application. Use it to treat the swelling and get rid of the bacteria.

Exfoliation with Glycolic and Salicylic Acid

Both options can open the pores in your skin and prevent ingrown hairs from reoccurring. However, it is not wise to use these before you solve the problem, as they’ll only irritate the already inflamed skin.

Water-Based Moisturizer

One of the best things you can do if you have an ingrown pubic hair is to remove the dead skin cells. Using a water-based moisturizer can help you do it with minimum discomfort.

Benzoyl Peroxide Cream

This chemical is often found in acne creams and lotions. It dries up the skin and can help you minimize redness around the ingrown hair.

Treatment Methods for Infected Ingrown Hairs

The first thing to do if you notice signs of infection is to go and see your doctor. You will most likely be prescribed antibiotics that you’ll apply locally (to the affected area). If the treatment fails, oral antibiotics might be in order.

The most common symptoms include itching, swelling, redness, irritation, and warmth.

Conclusion

To prevent further problems with ingrown hair in the pubic area, you might want to use shaving creams or gels before shaving. If shaving’s your preferred method, consider switching to a single-blade razor. Also, change your blade or razor regularly.

You can also try removing pubic hair with creams instead of razors. The other alternative methods include tweezing and waxing. Finally, there’s also laser hair removal.

Anyhow, if the ingrown hair doesn’t clear up on its own or becomes infected, you should contact your doctor. And likewise if the problem occurs frequently.

References:

https://www.aocd.org/page/Hyperpigmentation

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ingrown-hairs/

https://www.cdc.gov/std/herpes/stdfact-herpes.htm

http://www.emory.edu/EMORY_REPORT/erarchive/1997/November/ernovember.3/11_3_97Herpes.html

https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/qa/how-can-you-treat-ingrown-hair

Health

I Am Coughing Up Green Mucus – Why?

Written By: Arch

Despite the somewhat comical name, phlegm provides a useful function.k It keeps your nasal tissues moist and clean of bacteria and viruses.

Normally, phlegm is clear and produced in small quantities. However, when an infection flares up, your lungs start producing more of it and it may change color.

The color, amount, and texture of the mucus are among the indicators of how your body is faring. Usually, at the onset of an infection, the mucus starts out clear or white. It can change color over time, depending on the severity and the type of disease.

The change in color comes from the dead white blood cells that your body is using to fight the disease off. Yellow, green, brown, white, black, red, and pink hues mean different things and are associated with different diseases.

Doctors use the color and quantity of phlegm to assist with a diagnosis. With the start of a cold, phlegm can go from clear to yellow to green(ish).  Brown indicates there may be blood in your phlegm. Black, on the other hand, indicates a fungal infection.

Coughing up green mucus? Why? Read on for more info on the symptom and how it relates to pulmonary and systemic diseases.

Sinusitis

Sinusitis (also referred to as rhinosinusitis) is an infection of the sinuses. It manifests as swelling, inflammation, and infection of the nasal cavities. Coughing with mucus, sinus pains, nasal congestion with discharge, sinus headaches, sore throat, and hoarse voice usually accompany sinusitis.

The causes of sinusitis can be grouped under viral (which accounts for the vast majority of sinusitis cases), bacterial, and fungal. The onset can either be acute or chronic.

  • Acute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis lasts up to four weeks, according to the American Academy of Otolaryngology. It often appears together with the common cold or other diseases of the respiratory tract. It shares many common symptoms with the chronic variety, though it is less severe and dangerous.
  • Chronic sinusitis. Chronic sinusitis lasts longer than 12 weeks or reappears frequently. It is characterized by facial pain, congestion, nasal discharge, colored mucus, and other typical sinusitis symptoms.

Bronchitis

Sometimes, green phlegm can mean that you have bronchitis. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Most of the times, it starts out as a viral infection that progresses into something bacterial. Dry cough is usually the first noticeable symptom, with wheezing, coughing up mucus, and chest discomfort completing the rest of the primary symptoms.

The appearance of green (sometimes yellow) mucus means that the disease might be progressing from the viral to the bacterial stage and that your immune system is fighting hard to defeat the infection. There are two main types of bronchitis – acute and chronic. Here’s a word or two about each of them.

  • Acute bronchitis. Acute bronchitis is mostly caused by viral infections. Air pollution and bacteria such as Bordetella pertussis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are the other major causes. Commonly, acute bronchitis lasts up to three weeks and can be treated with paracetamol/acetaminophen and NSAIDs. It is crucial to get plenty of rest while you’re recovering from an episode of acute bronchitis. If left untreated, acute bronchitis can be deadly.
  • Chronic bronchitis. To qualify as chronic, bronchitis must involve productive coughing for at least three months out of a year and lasts for at least two years. Like the acute variant, chronic bronchitis is potentially lethal if left unchecked. Chronic bronchitis often happens in conjunction with other obstructive diseases, such as COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Vaccinations, rehabilitation, quitting smoking, and inhaled steroids and bronchodilators are among the common therapy methods. Lung transplantation and long-term oxygen therapy may be considered in severe cases.

Pneumonia

Along with bronchitis, pneumonia is the most common pulmonary disease. It is a lung infection that causes inflammation of the alveoli (air sacs). In a pneumonia patient, the alveoli fill up with fluid or pus, making it hard to breathe. The symptoms are coughing up phlegm, fever, shortness of breath, sweating, chest pain, and chills.

As with bronchitis, the change in phlegm (mucus) color from white to yellow and green means that the disease is progressing and that you should visit a doctor. The main types of pneumonia are viral, bacterial, fungal, and mycoplasma pneumonia.

  • Viral pneumonia. Coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and adenovirus are the most common viruses that cause viral pneumonia. This type mostly affects kids and older people. It is less dangerous and severe than bacterial pneumonia. Also, it doesn’t last as long.
  • Bacterial pneumonia. This type is most commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (around 50% of all community-acquired pneumonia cases). The other common bacteria are Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Legionella pneumophila is a bacterium that causes Legionnaires disease, a potentially deadly type of walking pneumonia.
  • Fungal pneumonia. Fungi found in bird droppings and soil can also cause pneumonia. This type usually affects people who already suffer from chronic diseases or have compromised immune systems. It is worth mentioning that Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (commonly known as PCP) can be one of the first signs that the infected individual has AIDS.
  • Mycoplasma pneumonia. This type is most commonly found in young adults and older children. It is a mild form of pneumonia, caused by mycoplasmas. Mycoplasmas are organisms that share traits with both viruses and bacteria.

Cystic Fibrosis

Unlike sinusitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis, cystic fibrosis is not caused by a pathogen. Instead, it is caused by a mutation or damage in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regular) gene.

This gene is in charge of the movement of water and salt throughout the body and its damage or mutation can cause the mucus in your body to turn stickier and thicker than normal. It can also spur an overproduction of mucus.

Cystic Fibrosis usually attacks the lungs, liver, pancreas, and other glandular organs. Respiratory problems associated with cystic fibrosis include shortness of breath, congested sinuses, continuous cough accompanied by thick (often green) mucus, wheezing, and congested nose. Foul-smelling stools, swellings in the abdomen region, constipation, poor appetite, nausea, slow growth, and low weight in children are among the digestive symptoms of cystic fibrosis.

In order to develop cystic fibrosis, a child must inherit the defective gene from both parents. If a child inherits the damaged gene from only one parent, they won’t develop the disease. Instead, they might pass it on to their children.

Antibiotics, NSAIDs, mucus-thinning medications, and bronchodilators are used in treatment. In severe cases, bowel surgery or lung transplants might be needed. If the disease interferes with nutrient absorption, a feeding tube might be inserted into the stomach to supply the missing nutrients.

Final Words

Coughing up green mucus? Why? If it appears on its own and goes away within several days, green mucus is nothing to worry about. That being said, if you notice symptoms of the described pulmonary diseases, such as pneumonia, sinusitis, or bronchitis, you should go see a doctor.

In case the mucus is followed by a combination of pulmonary and digestive problems, you might have cystic fibrosis. If that’s the case, call your doctor as soon as possible.

References:

https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/ears-nose-and-throat/sinusitis

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351671

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17700-chronic-sinusitis

https://www.enthealth.org/conditions/sinusitis/

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bronchitis/

https://medlineplus.gov/acutebronchitis.html

https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7813/

https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/atypical/mycoplasma/index.html

https://medlineplus.gov/copd.html

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000073.htm

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204

https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/what-causes-pneumonia.html

http://legionella.org/about-the-disease/what-is-legionnaires-disease/

https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/pneumocystis-pneumonia/index.html

https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/glossary/581/pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10929388

https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/atypical/mycoplasma/index.html

https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CFTR

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318359.php

 

Fibromyalgia

Five Common Muscular Diseases

Written By: Alexandra Waller

Common Muscular Diseases

Any motion, whether we are conscious of it or not, depends on muscles. When problems arise due to muscular disorders the body can feel weak and painful. Muscle disorders, also known as myopathy, can create difficulty for those dealing with certain muscular diseases.

Overview

Humans have three types of muscles: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is the only type of muscle in the body that is under voluntary control. Additionally, it is the muscle attached to bones by tendons. Smooth muscles are involuntary and can be found in the stomach, intestine, and blood vessels. They operate regardless of any decisions you make. Also, cardiac muscle, which refers to your heart, are involuntary.

Muscle diseases can occur at all ages and can be complicated and severe. Additionally, there are two different categories of muscle diseases: genetic and non-genetic. Genetic muscular diseases include disorders that are related to a gene disorder and involve muscular dystrophies. Other genetic muscle diseases include storage myopathies, mitochondrial diseases, periodic paralysis, and congenital myopathies. Unlike genetic diseases, non-genetic disorders are not genetic (hence the term “non” genetic). Instead, non-genetic conditions are acquired. Inflammatory muscle diseases, myasthenia gravis, and drugs or hormonal disorders involve non-genetic muscular diseases.

Causes

The following are causes of muscular disorders:

  • sprains or strains
  • cramps or tendinitis
  • genetic disorder
  • infections
  • inflammation
  • some cancers
  • diseases of nerves that can affect muscle function

Symptoms

The following are a few general symptoms that people may experience if they have muscular diseases:

  • Weakness and Fatigue: muscle weakness tends to be progressive and involves muscles located near the hip or shoulder
  • Trouble Moving: difficulty moving, such as walking, running, climbing stairs, or attempting to stand from a seated position
  • Trouble with Shoulder Muscles: difficulty in using shoulder muscles, such as lifting or carrying heavy loads, reaching above the head, or holding heavy items
  • Muscle Atrophy: shrinking muscle mass
  • Pain: defects in blood circulation, injury, or inflammation may cause pain in the muscles

Muscular Diseases

Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a disorder that involves musculoskeletal pain. Researchers have determined the disease is caused by amplified pain sensations that are perceived by the brain. Fibromyalgia is more common among women. Although there is no cure for fibromyalgia, there are ways to manage symptoms, such as medications, exercise, and relaxation techniques.

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis, known as polio, is an infectious disease that strikes any age, but especially targets young children. There is no cure, although a polio vaccination can prevent the disease. It causes headache, fatigue, stiffness and pain and, in some cases, permanent paralysis.

Cerebral Palsy

As a result of brain damage, cerebral palsy involves an impairment or loss of motor function. People who have cerebral palsy are either born with the condition or it develops soon after birth. Problems associated with cerebral palsy include lack of muscle control, body movement, muscle coordination, and difficulty balancing.

Mitochondrial Myopathies

Mitochondria are known as the energy factories of the cell. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy involves muscular and neurological problems, such as muscle weakness, difficulty exercising, hearing loss, difficulty balancing, seizures, and learning deficits.

Muscular Dystrophy

Usually caused by abnormal gene mutations, muscular dystrophy is a group of 30 genetic diseases that involve the loss and degeneration of muscle mass. Muscular dystrophy leads to muscle weakness. It is used as a broader term associated with genetic diseases due to the gene mutations that interfere with healthy muscle proteins. The most common types of muscular dystrophy include those that affect individuals in early childhood and males. Problems and symptoms include difficulty walking, losing the ability to walk, and difficulty breathing or swallowing. (more…)

Health

How to Lose Weight with Hypothyroidism

Written By: Arch
Arch

Losing excessive weight is one of the priorities for people suffering from hypothyroidism, but it might be tougher for them than for most other people.

This is mostly due to the lower activity of the thyroid gland which regulates metabolism. A body with low thyroid hormone levels can’t burn energy as efficiently as it should, thus causing the weight gain.

However, not all is lost. Keep reading to find out how to lose weight with hypothyroidism in a safe and healthy way.

Top Methods for Losing Weight with Hypothyroidism

Although it might seem like an uphill battle, it is possible to lose weight even if your thyroid is not functioning as well as it should. The process requires discipline and willingness to adapt and try new things.

Before we dive in, be aware that not every method works for everyone. There are, however, some universal tips, such as staying active, hydrated, and keeping away from inflammation-inducing foods. Let’s see how to lose weight with hypothyroidism.

Stay Hydrated

Proper hydration can help your overall health, not just your weight loss efforts. It speeds up your metabolism, improves toxin elimination, and reduces bloating. It also helps regulate digestion and might reduce your appetite.

If you have hypothyroidism and want to lose weight, you should consider taking more than the recommended 8 glasses of water a day. For starters, for every 25lbs you want to lose you should add one standard 8-ounce glass to the count.

Walk Regularly

Walking is among the healthiest activities one can take up. You should start walking every day for at least 20 to 30 minutes. The regular physical activity will boost your metabolism, thus helping you lose weight faster.

Regular walks will activate your entire body, including your muscular system. A stronger and more resistant muscular system will, in turn, allow you to take up a regular workout routine.

Eat Anti-Inflammatory Foods

A healthy diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods can help alleviate the depression, pains, and joint aches commonly associated with hypothyroidism. They can do wonders for your immune system and overall health, too.

Look for foods rich in B vitamins, iron, magnesium, vitamin C, selenium, and zinc. Olive oil, nuts, fruit, fish, tomatoes, and veggies in general are your best allies. An anti-inflammatory diet will ease the pressure on your liver, which is responsible for converting the hormone T4 to T3. As you may already know, these hormones are essential to optimal thyroid function.

Cut the Calories

The trick here is to eat slightly less than your body optimally needs. For example, if the optimal intake for your weight is 2,700 calories a day, try cutting down a few hundred. That way, you won’t feel too hungry, but you’ll have a steady calorie deficit.

There are tons of quality apps on both Google Play and Apple Store that can help you track the calories you eat on a daily basis. Alternatively, you can use an online calorie calculator.

Make sure not to go too low, as a severe calorie deficit can decrease your T3 levels and cause a stress response in your body.

Kick Processed Sugars and Simple Carbs

Processed sugars and simple carbs are among the worst foods you can eat, regardless of your health status. If you have hypothyroidism and want to lose weight, you should ditch candy and carbonated drinks.

Try to minimize the intake of simple carbohydrates. Instead, take starchy vegetables and legumes, as they’re rich in complex carbohydrates. Also, have in mind that foods like sugary drinks and refined grains have a high glycemic load and may thus promote inflammation.

Exercise Regularly

Even though you might feel a lack of energy, you should commit to a regular exercise regimen. The workouts don’t have to be long or strenuous, but they do need to be regular.

Apart from speeding up your metabolism, regular exercise will have beneficial effects on your mood and the production of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in your brain. Regular exercise will also increase your self-confidence.

If you’ve been physically inactive for a longer period of time, start small and build from there. If you’re not sure whether a certain workout regimen is good for you, consult your doctor before taking it up.

Take Your Medications Regularly

Every hypothyroid patient is different, so you should work closely with your doctor to figure out the right treatment for you. Once you’ve dialed in the right medications and the right dosage, you should stick to the regimen and take your meds on time.

Monitor regularly how you feel and how well the medications work. If you notice any changes or a certain medication stops working, make sure to tell your doctor as soon as possible.

Skipping your medications might seriously jeopardize your health and reverse any progress you have made thus far.

Go Gluten-Free

Researchers have established a link between celiac disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on one side and gluten sensitivity on the other. In addition, some patients suffering from hypothyroidism have reported improvements in weight loss once they went gluten-free.

If you opt for this type of diet, give it at least two to three months. Make sure to monitor how you feel on a daily basis. If you feel more energetic and less bloated by the end of the period, you should continue with the diet.

Consider Taking Supplements

Certain dietary supplements can help reduce your insulin resistance. The list includes but is not limited to flax seeds, fish oil, vitamin D, magnesium, vitamin B complex, alpha lipoic acid, chromium, and more. Make sure to consult your doctor before starting with the supplements as some of them might have unwanted side effects.

Try the Paleo Diet

If you want to lose weight with hypothyroidism, you might want to give the popular Paleo diet a try. The diet is based on seafood, eggs, vegetables, grass-fed meat, seeds, nuts, and natural oils. Forget processed sugars, simple carbs, legumes, dairy, salt, and grains. In fact, forget any food item that wasn’t available to an average cave man or cave woman.

This type of diet is great at suppressing inflammation which can be a big problem for people suffering from hypothyroidism. If you opt for the Paleo diet, be sure to take sufficient iodine.

Eat Frequently, Eat Small

Due to the fact that hypothyroidism slows your metabolism, you might have to change the way you eat your meals. Instead of three large meals, you should try having five, six, or even more small meals throughout the day. That way, you won’t burden your digestive tract as much.

Final Thoughts

While losing weight with hypothyroidism might be harder than with a healthy thyroid gland, you shouldn’t give up. It might take more time and effort, but the payoff is invaluable.

How to lose weight with hypothyroidism? Eat healthier, smaller, and more frequent meals. Also, walk and exercise regularly and stick to your medications.

Discuss all dietary and therapy changes with your doctor before adopting them. Also, keep a diary where you’ll track your meals and how your body responds to therapy, physical activity, and diet.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20350284
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163729.php
https://www.thyroid.org/hypothyroidism

Health

How Long Does a High Last? Key Factors to Consider

Written By: Arch
Arch

Predicting the duration of a cannabis high might be a tricky thing to do. There are many things to take into consideration, such as the method of consumption, strain, THC content, consumer’s metabolism, amount consumed, and many more.

So, how long does a high last? In a nutshell, it can last anywhere between 30 minutes and 6 hours. Let’s take a closer look at the main parameters determining the duration of the cannabis high.

Methods of Consumption

A high induced by each method of consumption has its own expected or average duration range. For example, smoking and consuming concentrates will generally have a shorter effect than sublingual application or cannabis-infused edibles.

Generally, a cannabis-induced high shouldn’t last for more than six hours. However, some people report to have the “afterglow”, a lingering feeling of being high long after the actual high passes. To determine how long does a high last, we must look into each consumption method separately.

Smoking

Smoking is the most common way to ingest THC. There are many ways to smoke cannabis, with joints and blunts being the most widespread. Some consumers also opt for vape pens, vaporizers, and Thai sticks.

Bongs and dab rigs are significantly more complicated smoking methods as they may include elaborate equipment. Also, they might take the most time and effort. Dabs are generally more potent than a standard joint, but their effects last shorter.

A smoking high can last anywhere between 1 and 3 hours. When one inhales the smoke, THC reaches the bloodstream through the lungs almost instantaneously. Therefore, smoking is among the fastest ways to get high. However, it doesn’t last as long as some other methods.

Sublingual Application

As its name suggests, sublingual application involves putting a cannabis product under the tongue. This method is one of the fastest working, taking only minutes for THC to reach the blood stream through the jaw arteries.

The most common products used with this method include tinctures, isolates, oils, distillates, and dissolvable strips. There are other products as well, though they’re not as popular.

The high induced by sublingual products typically lasts from 2 to 4 hours. This depends heavily on the type of the product one opts to use and the concentration of THC in it.

Concentrates

Concentrates are refined cannabis products with high levels of terpenes and cannabinoids. They are among the most potent options, though their effect is very short. Concentrates are made up almost exclusively of trichomes, crystalline structures found throughout the plant that contain its most desirable compounds.

On average, a concentrate product will keep the consumer high between 30 and 120 minutes. Though a short one, a high induced by a concentrate can be powerful.

Edibles

Any type of food infused with cannabis can be considered an edible. Here, the only restriction is the consumer’s imagination. Of course, brownies are the most common type of edibles thanks to TV and movies that have popularized them. However, cannabis can be mixed with virtually any meal or food.

Popular options in this category also include candy, milk, gummies, tea, honey, and butter. Depending largely on how fast the consumer’s metabolism is, the effects will start kicking in anywhere between 30 and 120 minutes after the ingestion. The effects should typically wear off between 4 and 6 hours after the ingestion.

Though slow to kick in and milder, edibles will keep the consumer high the longest. This is the way many beginners experience their first high. It doesn’t involve complicated rigs and smoke and is less intensive.

Topical Application

Topical products based on cannabis are mostly made of hemp and contain no THC. These THC-free products are mostly aimed at people interested in the medicinal properties of CBD. They can’t provide the consumer with a high due to the lack of THC.

At the same time, a number of topical products do contain THC. They include oils, patches, creams, and many others. The problem with them is that they can’t get a person high, despite having THC.

The main reason for this is that the skin is very slow to absorb the psychoactive substances found in these products. So, by the time the skin absorbs the cream and its contents reach the bloodstream, the THC won’t have nearly enough potency to give the consumer a high.

Considerations

The question “how long does a high last” can’t be answered accurately without taking things such as strain, THC content, quality, consumed amount, metabolism, experience, and others into consideration. Let’s see how these aspects affect the experience.

Strain

The strain one opts for can affect the length of the high. Weaker strains with less THC and more CBD will probably keep a person high for a shorter period of time. They will also produce less unwanted side effects thanks to the high CBD content.

On the other hand, strong strains might give a stronger, more dramatic experience that lasts longer. Consequently, the side effects with them also tend to be more prominent and can include anxiety and paranoia.

THC Content

A high THC content can give you an impression of the high lasting longer. This happens because the high is more intensive and it seems like it takes a longer time for the effects to wear off. On average, commercially available marijuana strains contain up to 25% of THC. Some extracts boast over 90%, while a few claim to be 100% THC.

Quality

The quality of the product also plays a great role in the quality of the experience. A quality product rich in trichomes, terpenes, and cannabinoids (CBD) provides a much less stressful experience. It can also make the high last longer and with fewer side effects.

Metabolism

Not all bodies process foreign substances at the same rate. Some work faster, while others are slower. The rate at which one’s body processes stuff plays a big role in the duration of the high.

If someone has a slow metabolism, for example, it will take extra time to process THC. As such, the substance will spend more time in the blood and brain, giving them a longer high.

On the other hand, people with a fast metabolism will process THC faster. This means it will spend less time in their system and give them a shorter high.

Amount

The amount consumed has a direct effect on the duration of the high. A person that’s had two puffs in the space of five minutes will have a relatively short and mild high. However, someone who smoked several joints within 30 minutes will have a significantly longer and more intensive high.

Final Words

The duration of the cannabis high can be hard to predict as many things affect it. To make a more or less precise estimation, one should take the method of consumption, quality, strain type, THC content, amount consumed, and their metabolism into consideration. Start with the average durations for each consumption method and add other considerations into account.

 

References:

https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/what-are-marijuana-effects
https://www.alternet.org/2018/02/cannabis-marijuana-how-long-does-high-last

Health

How to Wake Up Faster in the Morning

Written By: Arch
Arch

Most people think of themselves as either an evening or a morning person. Some people jump out of bed rejuvenated and ready to take on the day, while others wake up feeling exhausted and unrested. Waking up tired, also known as sleep inertia, can limit your decision-making abilities, sometimes even for several hours after waking up.

While changes in schedule and sleep pattern can affect how you wake up, the temptation to hit the snooze button often overpowers the will to get out of bed. But thankfully, there are many things you can do to break this cycle.

In this article, we will take a look at some of the best tips to get you out of bed quickly and show you how getting organized at night can improve your sleep. If you want to know how to wake up faster in the morning and shake off the cobwebs, read on.

Move Your Alarm Clock

Alarm clocks are generally placed next to the bed for convenience. After all, setting an alarm to wake up in the morning is often the last thing we do before going to sleep. But if you struggle to wake up, having your alarm at arm’s reach could exacerbate the problem.

Instead of putting your alarm on bedside table, find a location on the other side of your bedroom. When the sound goes off at your designated wake time, you will be forced to get out of bed to turn it off.

And if you really need help to get moving, choose the loudest setting to wake up to. While this may be slightly unpleasant, loud sounds stimulate adrenaline production and can further boost your level of alertness.

Monitor Your Sleep

Difficulty waking up could be the result of a poor night’s sleep or waking quickly from a deep sleep cycle. A sleep cycle lasts around 90 minutes and is made up of two groups that can be broken down into four stages. The first three stages make up non-rapid eye movement (NREM) while the fourth is REM – rapid eye movement sleep.

NREM sleep varies from light to very deep sleep, while REM sleep is often associated with dreaming. Waking up from REM or deep NREM stages can leave you feeling groggy and overly tired. To avoid waking up during these stages, you should use a sleep monitor device or app.

Sleep monitors allow you to track your sleep patterns in order to learn how to sleep better. Available as individual devices or as a smartphone app, most monitors include alarms and can wake you during a lighter stage of sleep. This will not only ensure you wake up more alert, but by tracking your patterns, you will also be able to see if there’s anything else disturbing your slumber.

Use Natural Light

Sleeping in a completely dark room can also lead to sleep inertia. When we wake, our brain responds to light signals by triggering the nervous system to increase body temperature and release hormones like cortisol. It also blocks the production of melatonin which promotes sleep.

If your room is blacked out, the lack of natural light can confuse the brain. With higher levels of melatonin in your system, waking can be difficult.

To avoid this, sleep with curtains slightly open to allow natural light in when the sun rises, and open them wide as soon as you’re awake. In winter months – or all year round if your bedroom doesn’t see much natural light – invest in an alarm clock with a light function. These can be used to simulate the sun rising and get you moving more quickly in the morning.

Remove Devices from the Bedroom

As our world has become more connected, our obsession with technology has also increased. If you have difficulty sleeping or waking refreshed, it could have something to do with your device use. Scrolling through social media before bed fills the optic nerve with light, disrupting the natural sleep process and keeping you awake longer.

To get the best rest, turn off your smartphone and television at least an hour before you go to sleep. Change your nighttime routine to include reading a book or listening to music to help you get to sleep.

Drink Water First Thing

After sleeping all night, it’s easy to wake up dehydrated. As our bodies are around 70% water, dehydration has the potential to cause a variety of health problems. One of the easiest ways to boost your morning mood is to drink water as soon as you’re awake.

Drinking a glass of water first thing can have some amazing benefits:

  • Kick-start your metabolism
  • Flush toxins and encourage bowel movements
  • Boost weight loss
  • Alleviate heartburn and indigestion
  • Increase blood flow and improve complexion

Get Moving

While it can be tempting to crawl back under the covers, if you want to wake up faster, it’s important to get moving as soon as possible. By getting the blood flowing, you’ll stimulate endorphins which will make you feel more awake.

Get outdoors and go for a morning walk or run. You’ll not only see your city in a different light but you may even meet some new friends while you’re out exercising. Even if you’re not up for a run, incorporating some indoor exercises like jumping jacks or simple stretching can leave you feeling refreshed and alert.

Things to Do at Night

While the above tips will help you to wake up faster, there are many things you can do before you go to sleep that can also help.

Stick to a Designated Bedtime

It may make you feel like a child again, but setting and sticking to a designated bedtime can have a range of benefits on the quality of your sleep. While the amount of sleep you need changes as you age, it’s generally recommended to get between 7 and 9 hours sleep each night.

Plan your bedtime by considering when you need to wake up, and account for any pre-bed routines like brushing teeth or reading.

Limit Alcohol and Caffeine

If you want to have a good night’s sleep, it’s important to avoid stimulants like caffeine and alcohol late in the day. While alcohol is sometimes used as a sleep aid, it can cut down on REM sleep, thus making it harder to wake up in the morning.

Get Organized

Remove the stress of your morning routine by preparing for it the night before. Iron clothes, pack a bag, or prepare breakfast in the evening to give yourself more time in the morning for other activities (like exercise).

If you struggle to keep a schedule, try writing down everything you need to do the next day and see what you can tick off immediately. This can keep you from feeling overwhelmed and allow you to fall asleep worry-free.

Final Word

There are many things you can do to help encourage better sleep and wake up more refreshed. Now that you know how to wake up faster in the morning, try incorporating a few of the above tips into your routine.

Simple things like moving your alarm clock and drinking water in the morning are easy to do and cost nothing. And by preparing for tomorrow the night before, you can fall asleep without worrying about what you have to do in the morning.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_inertia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12531174
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/sleep-drive-and-your-body-clock
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14671205

Health

How to Stretch Your Lower Back

Written By: Arch
Arch

Lower back muscles are constantly working. From standing and sitting to lifting and reaching, these muscles allow us to bend, twist, and move in many directions. But as they are not always activated like other major muscle groups, lower back muscles tend to weaken with age, which can result in injury and pain.

Affecting both men and women equally, it is estimated that up to 80% of adults experience lower back pain at some point in their life. While the pain can be intense, stretching these muscles can often help alleviate the tension.

To help you loosen up, we’ll take a look at some of the common causes of back pain and show you how to stretch your lower back to ease the discomfort.

What Causes Lower Back Pain?

Back pain comes on quickly and can last for many weeks. While it can sometimes be difficult to identify the underlying cause, repeated lifting or awkward movements are often to blame. The pain can be debilitating, making daily activities and even simple movements difficult.

The most common cause of lower back pain is a torn or pulled muscle, often the result of twisting the spine, poor posture, or an injury. Other less common causes include:

  • Ruptured or herniated discs
  • Arthritis
  • Skeletal irregularities
  • Osteoporosis

How to Stretch Your Lower Back

While many people turn to powerful painkillers or even surgery to deal with back pain, others find relief by stretching. Incorporating stretching into your daily routine can ease back pain while increasing your flexibility and strength to prevent further injury.

Preparation

Before starting any new exercise, it is important to check with your doctor if the movements are suitable for your injury.

When performing these stretches, start out slowly. Give your muscles time to warm up and ease into each movement. Never push your muscles past what is comfortable or you could risk further injury.

To stretch your lower back, repeat each of the below movements for 2 to 3 minutes before moving on to the next one. Try to stretch for at least 10 minutes at first and gradually build up time as the movements become more natural.

Knee to Chest Stretch

Lie on your back with your arms by your side and legs extended. Raise your knees to your chest, place one hand on each knee and slowly pull your knees towards your chest.

Try to relax your legs, back, and pelvis, and feel the muscles stretch as they release tension. Hold this position for 20 to 30 seconds before slowly lowering your legs to the ground.

If you find it difficult to raise both knees, start by holding each leg separately.

Lower Back Twist

To start, lie on your back with your knees bent and arms in a T position. With your shoulders touching the floor, roll your knees to one side so they touch the floor and hold for 20 to 30 seconds. Return to the center and repeat on the other side.

Sometimes called trunk rotation, this stretch targets the glutes and lower back. If you find it difficult for your knees to reach the floor, place a pillow on each side for support.

Child’s Pose

This is a common yoga position and a great way to stretch your back, shoulders, and neck. Start on all fours with your palms shoulder-width apart and knees under your hips. Reach out and place your palms flat on the floor in front of you and slowly drop your hips towards your heels.

While in a seated position, lower your head and drop your chest as you extend your arms forward and stretch. Hold this position for 10 to 15 seconds before returning to the starting position.

Cat/Cow Stretch

A great way to undulate the spine, Cat/Cow is another yoga pose that can be used to stretch your lower back. As with the child’s pose, get on all fours and start with your back parallel to the floor.

Drawing your abdominal muscles up, arch your back as high as you can comfortably go, mimicking a cat’s stretch. Hold for 5 seconds before slowly pushing your abdominals towards the floor and arching your back in the other direction.

Repeat for two to three minutes, breathing in as you push your abs to the floor, and out as you arch your back up.

Pelvic Tilts

Start by lying on the floor with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor. With your lower back muscles relaxed, engage your core to press your lower back to the floor as your exhale, tilting your pelvis. Hold for 5 to 10 seconds before inhaling and returning to the starting position.

Hip Flexor Stretch

Lower back pain can sometimes be the result of tight hip muscles. To release tight hip flexors, start with your hands and feet flat on the floor. Slowly step your right foot to the outside of your right hand while dropping your left knee to the floor. Keeping your back straight and hands on the ground, press your hips forward to feel the stretch for 20 to 30 seconds.

Bring your right foot back to the start while raising your left knee, and repeat on the other side.

Cobra Pose

Sometimes called lumbar extension, the cobra pose can help stretch the abdominal and lower back muscles. To start, lie on your stomach with forearms flat to the floor, resting your weight on your elbows. Keeping your hips on the ground, slowly straighten your elbows and push your body upwards.

Push until you reach a comfortable stretch of the back and abdominals and hold for 10 to 15 seconds. Exhale as you release the stretch and return to the starting position.

Don’t Overstretch

Stretching should alleviate pain, not cause it. To avoid additional injury, be careful not to push your muscles past a comfortable stretch.

It can take a few days to see results from stretching, so don’t get disheartened if your pain doesn’t go away overnight. However, if you experience chronic pain lasting more than 3 months, consult a doctor or physical therapist for advice.

Final Word

Stretching is a great way to relieve lower back pain. But in order for it to have any effect, you need to stretch daily. To start making it a habit, try stretching first thing in the morning. The increased blood flow will help kick start your day while relaxing tight muscles and easing your pain.

Now that you know how to stretch your lower back, create a routine from the above movements. For best results, repeat each exercise multiple times and aim to stretch for at least 15 minutes twice a day.

 

References:

https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Low-Back-Pain-Fact-Sheet
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/symptoms-causes/syc-20369906

Health

How to Prevent Kidney Stones: 7 Tips for Kidney Health

Written By: Arch
Arch

Kidney stones are a widespread health problem that affects around 12% of people worldwide. 600,000 people in the US deal with this condition every year. Anyone can suffer from kidney stones, but men between the ages of 20 and 49 are likeliest to be affected.

Though it’s possible to treat kidney stones, they always cause a great deal of pain and discomfort. Unfortunately, reoccurrence is common. If you had kidney stones once, you’re 75% likelier to develop them again within the next twenty years. All this considered, learning how to prevent kidney stones should be a priority for everyone.

What Causes Kidney Stones?

There are various reasons why a person may develop this condition. Kidney stones are crystals that form when the percentage of certain materials in the urine is too high. They can also form when the urine lacks the substances that prevent these crystals from forming.

Your genetics have an impact on how likely you are to form kidney stones. People with gout or digestive diseases are at a higher than average risk, and gastric bypass surgery is a risk factor as well.

Your diet and habits have a major influence on your chances of developing kidney stones. There is a great deal you can do lower this risk.

How to Prevent Kidney Stones with Lifestyle Changes?

1. Stay Hydrated at All Times

This is the most effective preventive measure at your disposal.

Dehydration causes kidney stones because it alters the composition of your urine. If you don’t drink enough liquids, the density of your urine grows. This makes it likelier for minerals to clump together and form kidney stones.

How much water do you need to consume to avoid this?

People who are at a very high risk are advised to drink up to 12 glasses a day. While other fluids are useful too, you should make sure that at least half of your fluid intake is pure water.

2. Salt vs. Calcium – Be Careful What You Eat

In many cases, kidney stones form because there is too much calcium in the affected person’s urine. Hence, many people assume that it’s not safe to eat calcium-rich foods when you know you’re at risk of this condition.

But the truth is that calcium is good for the body, and eating high-calcium foods doesn’t make you likelier to suffer from kidney stones. In fact, having low calcium levels actually makes you likelier to develop this condition.

The only way that calcium can be dangerous for your kidneys is if you overuse calcium supplements. The amount of calcium you get out of a healthy diet can’t cause any difficulties. Eating dairy products, salmon, and leafy greens is a good choice for at-risk people.

The real risk factor you should worry about is salt (sodium). Consuming salty food easily leads to dehydration, and it also has a negative impact on your calcium levels. Sodium makes it more difficult for your body to absorb calcium, which leads to a pile-up in the kidneys.

3. Use Saunas, But Don’t Overdo It

Sweating has a great number of health benefits. It detoxifies your body, clears the skin, and provides you with an endorphin boost. You can also prevent colds by using saunas or working out to the point of sweating.

Doctors say that sweating is also a good way to prevent kidney stones. It lowers the amount of salt accumulating in your system and doesn’t have a negative impact on your calcium levels.

Too much sweating can endanger your kidney health because it can lead to dehydration. So if you decide on doing intense workouts, make sure there’s enough water at hand at all times.

4. Keep Your Weight Under Control

Obese people, especially women, are at a high risk of developing kidney stones.

The main reason for this connection is uric acid. Too much uric acid leads to crystals forming in the kidneys. This is a problem that’s frequently present in people whose body weight is over 100 kg (about 220 lbs). Additionally, weight can also impact the absorption rate of calcium in the body.

Losing weight is a crucial preventive measure. Additionally, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise regimen decreases your chances of developing diabetes. Having type 2 diabetes is another risk factor, as it increases your urine acid levels.

5. Eat Oxalate-Rich Foods in Moderation

Oxalate is a natural compound with a strong binding ability. Most kidney stones consist of calcium oxalate. Decreasing your oxalate intake is a simple and easy way to avoid this health issue.

This means that it’s best to avoid coffee, chocolate, spinach, beets, rhubarb, peanuts, and other oxalate-rich foods. However, it’s not necessary to remove them from your diet entirely. If you normally eat well-balanced meals, your oxalate levels are unlikely to get too high.

6. Decrease Your Animal Protein Intake

The protein you get from eggs, poultry, seafood, and red meat can have a negative effect on your kidney health. It increases the amount of uric acid in your blood, and also increases the levels of calcium oxalate in your urine. Experts advise eating protein portions that are no bigger than a deck of cards. You can also introduce some plant-based proteins into your diet.

7. Consider the Downside of Vitamin C Supplements

Various prescription drugs can cause kidney stones. People who have to take medication daily should consult with their primary care provider about any potential risks to their kidney health.

Over-the-counter supplements can cause difficulties, too. In particular, taking vitamin C supplements increases your chances of developing kidney stones. A 2013 study showed that men who took vitamin C supplements daily were twice as likely to suffer from this affliction. But again, the amount of vitamin C that you get from a balanced diet shouldn’t endanger you in any way.

Conclusion

If you have a family history of kidney stones, it’s important to be vigilant and find out how to prevent kidney stones. The same is true for overweight people, people with digestive issues, and so on. But this information is important even if you don’t belong to an at-risk group.

The main takeaway is that dehydration and a bad diet can increase your likelihood of developing this condition. Some easy adjustments in your everyday routine could thus help you avoid a host of problems.

 

References:

https://www.healthline.com/health/kidney-health/how-to-prevent-kidney-stones
https://www.uwhealth.org/urology/how-common-are-kidney-stones/11208
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5817324/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/symptoms-causes/syc-20355755
https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/kidneystones_prevent
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319537.php
https://www.medicaldaily.com/sweat-it-out-5-surprising-health-benefits-sweating-actually-dont-stink-309718
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29856171
https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/does-diabetes-increase-risk-for-kidney-stones

Health

How to Drain Sinuses and Unclog Your Nose

Written By: Arch
Arch

Do you remember the last time you took a nice, deep breath without a problem? If you haven’t been able to breathe properly through your nose, it is time to learn how to drain sinuses.

All of us know how it feels to have a plugged nose. Your head starts hurting and feels heavier, your nose just won’t stop watering, and you can only breathe through your mouth. At times like that, you definitely don’t consider colds to be as harmless as you thought.

In this article, you will find out how to drain sinuses and once again take a deep, refreshing breath.

What Causes Sinus Problems?

There are plenty of factors that can lead to clogged sinuses and other sinus-related problems. The two most common are sinusitis and rhinitis.

Sinusitis is an infection that results in swelling and inflammation of your sinuses. This is a very common problem that is usually caused by viruses or allergies.

Sinusitis is typically treated with a course of antibiotics to reduce the inflammation. However, a study conducted by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) found that between 90 and 98 percent of sinusitis cases don’t actually respond to antibiotics due to their virus origin.

Although sinusitis can pass all by itself or with minor treatment, the situation can get complicated. You see, regular sinusitis lasts up to 10 days. However, if your sinus infection is still persistent even after 12 weeks, then you have a case of chronic sinusitis.

Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, represents an allergic response to different allergens. The symptoms of rhinitis include coughing, sneezing, itchy and watery eyes, headaches, and a stuffy nose. If complications arise, allergic rhinitis can directly lead to sinusitis.

How to Free Your Nose

Here are some of the most effective home remedies you can try in order to drain your sinuses and get rid of sinusitis.

1. Drink Lots of Water

Drinking water helps your body get rid of viruses. In order to get adequately hydrated, remember to drink around 8 ounces of water every two hours. Fluids can thin the mucus, therefore allowing you to drain your sinuses.

This is just one of many benefits of proper hydration throughout the day. Other benefits include better sleep, healthy skin, bigger muscles, and many more.

2. Use Moisture

By hydrating your sinuses, you are effectively relieving pressure. Moisture can be used as an excellent way of hydrating your sinuses.

Put a humidifier in your room before you go to sleep to relieve nasal blockages during the night. You can also use store-bought nasal sprays or make your own natural saline spray by mixing non-iodized salt, baking soda, and cooled water.

Another fantastic way to drain your sinuses is to expose them to steam. You can take hot showers and breathe the damp air. Alternatively, you can fill a bowl with boiling water or tea, then simply lean over the bowl and inhale while your head is covered in a towel. You should keep your nose at about 10 inches above the water and remain in that position between 10 to 13 minutes.

3. Use Oils

Food-grade essential oils can also help open up the sinuses. For example, eucalyptus oil can successfully break up mucus and help you breathe again. One of the main ingredients found in eucalyptus oil is cineole, which is known for its positive effects on acute sinusitis.

4. Use a Warm Compress

This is yet another example of how heat can help with a clogged nose and sinus pain. All that you need to do is place a warm towel around your nose and cheeks in order to get rid of facial pain. Applying warm compresses clears the nose from the outside.

5. Eat Chicken Soup

Chicken soup is known to reduce sinus inflammation and help with colds. The exact ingredient that makes chicken soup so effective is yet to be found, however, scientist think that the mixture of steam and antioxidants has something to do with it. Either way, chicken soup is a delicious home remedy you might want to try.

6. Eat Healthy Foods

If you’re suffering from sinus problems, you should also foods that will boost your immune system and help your body fight the infection. The foods known for their immune system benefits include garlic, onions, and ginger. Drinking ginger tea with honey is also an excellent way of boosting your immune system and getting rid of sinusitis.

7. Use OTC Medication

If home remedies don’t work out for you, you may need to look into over-the-counter (OTC) medication for a possible solution.

For example, pseudoephedrine is known to treat sinusitis symptoms by narrowing blood vessels and relieving congestion as a result. Before you opt for any medication, make sure to talk to your pharmacist and ask them for a recommendation.

8. Use Antibiotics

As already mentioned, antibiotics aren’t really that successful at relieving sinus problems. However, your doctor may prescribe them if you are diagnosed with chronic sinusitis or if you have a bacterial infection.

Amoxicillin is a drug that doctors usually prescribe for chronic sinusitis, though they may recommend something else depending on your symptoms and the specific cause of your infection. Whatever the case, it is very important to take antibiotics for as long as they are prescribed. If you stop taking them early, the bacteria that are causing your problems could develop antibiotic resistance, which could make treatment much more difficult.

9. Rest Properly

Remember to give your body plenty of rest as that is necessary for fighting persistent infections such as sinusitis. It takes time to clean your nasal passage and breathe like you used to, so be patient.

The Final Verdict

The symptoms of sinusitis usually last for about 10 days. If your condition hasn’t improved during this time, even after trying these methods, you should visit your doctor and ask for help.

Of course, it is always better to try and fight off viruses naturally with home remedies. However, if everything stays the same, antibiotics might be the only solution.

 

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279484
http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/article.aspx?articleid=1079188
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/54/8/1041/364141

Health

How To Lower Your Blood Pressure Quickly

Written By: William

High blood pressure, a potentially dangerous health condition also known as hypertension, is quite common in modern times.

One of the most significant issues regarding hypertension is the absence of obvious symptoms during the earlier stages of this condition. This is why hypertension is referred to as a silent killer.  It is also relatively common, especially in adults. In one four-year study, over 70% of all participants (74.3% of men and 70.2% of women, all adults ages 45 to 83) had elevated blood pressure levels, calling attention to the need for more adequate education to increase awareness of the condition.

Chronic low blood pressure is also possible, but it is rarely harmful in the absence of other symptoms.

An Overview Of High Blood Pressure

Elevated blood pressure refers to an increase in the pressure or internal tension applied to blood vessels. Blood pressure is measured by providing two different readings, including systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure. Blood pressure levels above 120/80 are considered elevated. At 130/80, a person is considered to be experiencing high blood pressure. High blood pressure is often classified into two stages. State 1 hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure levels fall between 130-139/80-89. Stage 2 hypertension is diagnosed when a patient’s blood pressure becomes higher than 140/90.

While both are significant, diastolic, which is the bottom number, refers to blood pressure when your heart is at rest, between beats. Systolic, which refers to the top number, measures blood pressure when the heart is pumping blood.

Symptoms Of High Blood Pressure

In early stages, which could last for years, high blood pressure does not have any noticeable associated symptoms. This is, by far, the most worrisome problem that the healthcare industry and general population is facing when it comes to hypertension today. Chronic high blood pressure can cause damage to arteries and other areas of the body, such as heart, brain, kidneys and eyes. Complications include heart attacks, stroke, kidney scarring and sexual dysfunction, especially in men over 50. Regular screenings for blood pressure levels are considered vital to help identify high blood pressure problems early on. Early intervention is also considered critical to stabilize blood pressure and avoid further damage to the body.

Causes Of High Blood Pressure

In most cases where high blood pressure is diagnosed, the cause remains unclear. One review paper in the International Journal of Hypertension explains that this accounts for around 90% of all hypertension diagnosis and is usually referred to as essential hypertension. Secondary hypertension is diagnosed when a cause can be identified. Potential causes of secondary hypertension may include:

  • Renal dysfunctions and conditions, such as Polycystic Kidney Disease and Renal Artery Stenosis.
  • Endocrine disorders like Cushing’s syndrome, Conn’s syndrome, Hyperparathyroidism, and Metabolic syndrome.
  • The use of certain drugs, such as steroids and cyclosporin.
  • Disturbances in the central nervous system, such as Familial Dysautonomia.
  • Aortic Coarctation.
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Possible Complications Of High Blood Pressure

Chronic hypertension causes the arteries throughout a patient’s body to become damaged and can lead to additional complications that may yield fatal consequences, especially when left untreated. One study noted that there is a significant increase in the risk for coronary artery disease and stroke among people who have elevated or high blood pressure. The study also noted that developing this condition at a younger age seems to hold an opportunity for higher risks.

High blood pressure over an extended period can lead to potentially dangerous complications. This can cause damage to organs, leading to microalbuminuria, cognitive dysfunction, and left-ventricular hypertrophy, as noted by one study. Additionally, the risk of renal failure, dementia and suffering a heart attack also dramatically increases in the population with elevated blood pressure levels.

Lowering Blood Pressure Quickly

Regular blood pressure check ups are advised for both young and old. Recognizing the presence of hypertension early can help a patient treat the problem more effectively, bring their blood pressure levels into a healthier range, and avoid damage to their organs and fatal complications. There are a number of options that can be used to lower blood pressure. While certain medications do possess the ability to yield positive results in hypertension patients, natural remedies are also effective in some cases.

One of the most important lifestyle changes to adapt when hypertension affects a patient is increased physical activity. Exercise is reported to be an exceptionally useful method for controlling blood pressure levels and for reducing blood pressure in patients diagnosed with hypertension. Additionally, patients who regularly participate in physical activities are also at a lower risk of developing complications due to high blood pressure.

There are a number of herbal extracts that have also been recognized as holding potentially medicinal properties that can yield positive results for patients with hypertension. One study  explains that some of the medicinal herbs with the potential to lower blood pressure levels include:

  • Allium Sativum (Garlic)
  • Agathosma Betulina (Buchu)
  • Apium Graveolens (Celery)
  • Annona Muricata (Prickly Custard Apple)
  • Avena Sativa (Green Oat)
  • Aristolochia Manshuriensis (Guan Mu Tong)
  • Artocarpus Altilis (Breadfruit)
  • Castanospermum Australe (Black Bean)
  • Crataegus Pinnatifida (Chinese Hawthorn)
  • Daucus Carota (Carrot)
  • Glycine Max (Soybean)
  • Lavandula Stoechas (French Lavender)
  • Linum Usitatissimum (Flaxseed)

In addition to these options, other lifestyle changes and diet adjustments may also be useful in lowering blood pressure. Losing weight can have a significant positive impact on patients that have been diagnosed with hypertension. Even small reductions in body weight among obese individuals with hypertension can yield life-saving benefits.  Patients are also advised to lower their daily intake of sodium. The patient should also focus on obtaining more calcium, potassium and other minerals that are useful in balancing blood pressure levels. Fiber, fruits and a lot of vegetables should also be an essential part of the patient’s daily diet.

Conclusion

Elevated blood pressure levels can cause dangerous and even potentially fatal complications. Since significant symptoms are not present during early stages of the condition, frequent monitoring of blood pressure can help a person identify the condition and take appropriate measures. In this post, we provided a complete overview of high blood pressure symptoms, causes, and complications, as well as providing a look at some helpful tips to help you lower blood pressure quickly.

References:

https://www.webmd.com/heart/understanding-low-blood-pressure-basics#1

https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/measure.htm

https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/index.htm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17707755

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2217/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872229/